Safety and effectiveness of dose-sparing strategies for intramuscular seasonal influenza vaccine: a rapid scoping review

BackgroundThe objective of this rapid scoping review was to identify studies of dose-sparing strategies for administration of intramuscular seasonal influenza vaccines in healthy individuals of all ages.MethodsComprehensive literature searches were executed in MEDLINE, Embase and the Cochrane library. The grey literature was searched via international clinical trial registries for relevant studies published in English in the last 20 years. We included studies in healthy humans of any age that used any dose-sparing strategy to administer intramuscular seasonal influenza vaccines. Title/abstract and full-text screening were carried out by pairs of reviewers independently. Data extraction was conducted by a single reviewer and verified by a second reviewer. Our outcomes were influenza infections, intensive care unit admission, pneumonia, hospitalisations, adverse events and mortality. Results were summarised descriptively.ResultsA total of 13 studies with 10 351 participants were included in the review and all studies were randomised controlled trials (RCTs) conducted between 2006 and 2019. The most common interventions were the trivalent influenza vaccine (n=10), followed by the quadrivalent influenza vaccine (n=4). Nine studies included infants/toddlers 6–36 months old and one of these studies also included children and adolescents. In these nine studies, no clinical effectiveness outcomes were reported. Of the four adult studies (≥18 years), two studies reported on effectiveness outcomes, however, only one RCT reported on laboratory-confirmed influenza.ConclusionsDue to the low number of studies in healthy adults and the lack of studies assessing confirmed influenza and influenza-like illness, there remains a need for further evaluation.

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Safety and effectiveness of dose-sparing strategies for seasonal influenza vaccine: a rapid scoping review of fractional dosing of the intramuscular influenza vaccine

10.1101/2020.07.31.20163717 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Jesmin Antony ◽

Patricia Rios ◽

Chantal Williams ◽

Naveeta Ramkissoon ◽

Sharon E Straus ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Influenza Vaccine ◽

Scoping Review ◽

Seasonal Influenza ◽

Clinical Effectiveness ◽

Influenza Vaccines ◽

Current Evidence ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Full Dose ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Dose Sparing

Background: The objective of this rapid scoping review was to identify potentially safe and effective dose-sparing strategies for intramuscular administration of seasonal influenza vaccines in healthy individuals of all ages. Methods: Comprehensive literature searches were developed and executed in MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Cochrane library, and grey literature was searched via international clinical trial registries for relevant studies published in English in the last 20 years. References of relevant systematic reviews and included studies were also scanned. Title/abstract and full-text screening were carried out by pairs of reviewers independently and data charting conducted by a single reviewer and verified by a second reviewer. Results were presented narratively. Results: A total of 13 studies with 10,351 participants were included in the review and all studies were randomized control trials conducted between 2006 and 2019. The most common interventions were the trivalent influenza vaccine (n=10), followed by quadrivalent influenza vaccine (n=4). Nine studies included infants/toddlers 6-36 months old and one of these studies also included children and adolescents. In these nine studies, no clinical effectiveness outcomes were reported and no difference was found in local and systemic reactogenicity between dosing strategies. Of the four adult studies (≥ 18 years), the two studies that reported on effectiveness outcomes found similar results between the half-dose and full-dose vaccination groups and all four studies reported no differences in safety outcomes between groups. Conclusion: The current evidence for the administration of intramuscular influenza vaccines suggests there is no significant difference in safety and clinical effectiveness with the use of low-dose compared to full-dose vaccines, which is promising given the predicted resource constraints in the upcoming influenza season due to the 2019 novel coronavirus. Due to the low number of studies in adults and the lack of studies assessing confirmed influenza and influenza-like illness, there remains a need for further evaluation.

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Addressing barriers to the conduct and application of research in complementary and alternative medicine: a scoping review

BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies ◽

10.1186/s12906-021-03371-6 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Yasamin Veziari ◽

Saravana Kumar ◽

Matthew Leach

Keyword(s):

Alternative Medicine ◽

Complementary And Alternative Medicine ◽

Scoping Review ◽

Data Extraction ◽

Grey Literature ◽

Evidence Base ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Educational Strategies ◽

The Cochrane Library ◽

Complementary And Alternative

Abstract Background Over the past few decades, the popularity of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) has grown considerably and along with it, scrutiny regarding its evidence base. While this is to be expected, and is in line with other health disciplines, research in CAM is confronted by numerous obstacles. This scoping review aims to identify and report the strategies implemented to address barriers to the conduct and application of research in CAM. Methods The scoping review was undertaken using the Arksey and O’Malley framework. The search was conducted using MEDLINE, EMBASE, EMCARE, ERIC, Scopus, Web of Science, The Cochrane Library, JBI and the grey literature. Two reviewers independently screened the records, following which data extraction was completed for the included studies. Descriptive synthesis was used to summarise the data. Results Of the 7945 records identified, 15 studies met the inclusion criteria. Using the oBSTACLES instrument as a framework, the included studies reported diverse strategies to address barriers to the conduct and application of research in CAM. All included studies reported the use of educational strategies and collaborative initiatives with CAM stakeholders, including targeted funding, to address a range of barriers. Conclusions While the importance of addressing barriers to the conduct and application of research in CAM has been recognised, to date, much of the focus has been limited to initiatives originating from a handful of jurisdictions, for a small group of CAM disciplines, and addressing few barriers. Myriad barriers continue to persist, which will require concerted effort and collaboration across a range of CAM stakeholders and across multiple sectors. Further research can contribute to the evidence base on how best to address these barriers to promote the conduct and application of research in CAM.

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Interventions to improve adherence to reporting guidelines in health research: a scoping review protocol

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2017-017551 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 7 (11) ◽

pp. e017551 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

David Blanco ◽

Jamie J Kirkham ◽

Douglas G Altman ◽

David Moher ◽

Isabelle Boutron ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Scoping Review ◽

Health Research ◽

Data Extraction ◽

Grey Literature ◽

Reporting Guidelines ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Improve Compliance ◽

Review Protocol ◽

Journal Policies ◽

Research Stage

IntroductionThere is evidence that the use of some reporting guidelines, such as the Consolidated Standards for Reporting Trials, is associated with improved completeness of reporting in health research. However, the current levels of adherence to reporting guidelines are suboptimal. Over the last few years, several actions aiming to improve compliance with reporting guidelines have been taken and proposed. We will conduct a scoping review of interventions to improve adherence to reporting guidelines in health research that have been evaluated or suggested, in order to inform future interventions.Methods and analysisOur review will follow the Joanna Briggs Institute scoping review methods manual. We will search for relevant studies in MEDLINE, EMBASE and Cochrane Library databases. Moreover, we will carry out lateral searches from the reference lists of the included studies, as well as from the lists of articles citing the included ones. One reviewer will screen the full list, which will be randomly split into two halves and independently screened by the other two reviewers. Two reviewers will perform data extraction independently. Discrepancies will be solved through discussion. In addition, this search strategy will be supplemented by a grey literature search. The interventions found will be classified as assessed or suggested, as well as according to different criteria, in relation to their target (journal policies, journal editors, authors, reviewers, funders, ethical boards or others) or the research stage at which they are performed (design, conducting, reporting or peer review). Descriptive statistical analysis will be performed.Ethics and disseminationA paper summarising the findings from this review will be published in a peer-reviewed journal. This scoping review will contribute to a better understanding and a broader perspective on how the problem of adhering better to reporting guidelines has been tackled so far. This could be a major first step towards developing future strategies to improve compliance with reporting guidelines in health research.

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Using social marketing for the promotion of cognitive health: a scoping review protocol

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2021-049947 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (10) ◽

pp. e049947

Author(s):

Mathilde Barbier ◽

Caroline Schulte ◽

Anna Kornadt ◽

Carine Federspiel ◽

Jean-Paul Steinmetz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Social Marketing ◽

Scoping Review ◽

Data Extraction ◽

Scientific Journal ◽

Grey Literature ◽

Marketing Strategies ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Cognitive Health ◽

The Social ◽

Scoping Reviews

IntroductionThe use of social marketing strategies to induce the promotion of cognitive health has received little attention in research. The objective of this scoping review is twofold: (i) to identify the social marketing strategies that have been used in recent years to initiate and maintain health-promoting behaviour; (ii) to advance research in this area to inform policy and practice on how to best make use of these strategies to promote cognitive health.Methods and analysisWe will use the five-stage methodological framework of Arksey and O’Malley. Articles in English published since 2010 will be searched in electronic databases (the Cochrane Library, DoPHER, the International Bibliography of the Social Sciences, PsycInfo, PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scopus). Quantitative and qualitative study designs as well as reviews will be considered. We will include those articles that report the design, implementation, outcomes and evaluation of programmes and interventions concerning social marketing and/or health promotion and/or promotion of cognitive health. Grey literature will not be searched. Two independent reviewers will assess in detail the abstracts and full text of selected citations against the inclusion criteria. A Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses flowchart for Scoping Reviews will be used to illustrate the process of article selection. We will use a data extraction form, present the results through narrative synthesis and discuss them in relation to the scoping review research questions.Ethics and disseminationEthics approval is not required for conducting this scoping review. The results of the review will be the first step to advance a conceptual framework, which contributes to the development of interventions targeting the promotion of cognitive health. The results will be published in a peer-reviewed scientific journal. They will also be disseminated to key stakeholders in the field of the promotion of cognitive health.

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Effectiveness of the MF59-adjuvanted trivalent or quadrivalent seasonal influenza vaccine among adults 65 years of age or older, a systematic review and meta-analysis

10.22541/au.161933909.92394260/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Brenda Coleman ◽

Ruth Sanderson ◽

Mendel Haag ◽

Ian McGovern

Keyword(s):

Influenza Vaccine ◽

Seasonal Influenza ◽

Standard Dose ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Grey Literature ◽

Influenza Vaccines ◽

High Dose ◽

Case Control Studies ◽

Cluster Randomized ◽

Meta Analyses

Background: Standard dose seasonal influenza vaccines often produce modest immunogenic responses in adults ≥65 years old. MF59 is intended to elicit a greater magnitude and increased breadth of immune response. Objective: To determine the effectiveness of seasonal MF59-adjuvanted trivalent/quadrivalent influenza vaccine (aTIV/aQIV) relative to no vaccination or vaccination with standard or high dose egg-based influenza vaccines among people ≥65 years old. Methods: Cochrane methodological standards and PRISMA-P guidelines were followed. Real-world evidence from non-interventional studies published in peer reviewed journals and grey literature from 1997 through to July 15, 2020, including cluster-randomized trials, were eligible. Two reviewers independently extracted data and risk of bias was assessed using the ROBINS-I tool. Results: Twenty-one studies conducted during the 2006/07-2019/20 influenza seasons were included in the qualitative review; 16 in the meta-analyses. Meta-analysis of test-negative studies found that aTIV reduced medical encounters due to lab-confirmed influenza with pooled estimates of 40.7% (95% CI: 21.9, 54.9; I2=0%) for general practitioner visits and 58.5% (40.7, 70.9; I2=52.9%) for hospitalized patients. The pooled estimate of VE from case-control studies was 51.3% (39.1, 61.1; I2=0%) against influenza- or pneumonia-related hospitalization. The pooled estimates for the relative VE of aTIV for the prevention of influenza related medical encounters were 13.9% (4.2, 23.5; I2=95.9%) compared with TIV, 13.7% (3.1, 24.2; I2=98.8%) compared with QIV, and 2.8% (-2.9, 8.5; I2=94.5%) compared with HD TIV. Conclusions: Among adults ≥65 years aTIV demonstrated significant absolute VE, improved relative VE compared to non-adjuvanted standard-dose TIV/QIV, and comparable relative VE to high-dose TIV.

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Bridging knowledge, policies and practices across the ageing and disability fields: a protocol for a scoping review to inform the development of a taxonomy

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2017-016741 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 7 (10) ◽

pp. e016741 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Emily Joan Nalder ◽

Michelle Putnam ◽

Luis Salvador-Carulla ◽

Andria Spindel ◽

Zinnia Batliwalla ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Scoping Review ◽

Qualitative Content Analysis ◽

Data Extraction ◽

Grey Literature ◽

Knowledge Exchange ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Data Abstraction ◽

Conference Presentations ◽

Data Extraction Form ◽

The Cochrane Library

IntroductionBridging is a term used to describe activities, or tasks, used to promote collaboration and knowledge exchange across fields. This paper reports the protocol for a scoping review which aims to identify and characterise peer reviewed evidence describing bridging activities, between the ageing and disability fields. The purpose is to clarify the concepts underpinning bridging to inform the development of a taxonomy, and identify research strengths and gaps.MethodsA scoping review will be conducted. We will search Medline, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Embase, PsycInfo, Sociological Abstracts and the Cochrane Library, to identify peer reviewed publications (reviews, experimental, observational, qualitative designs and expert commentaries) describing bridging activities. Grey literature, and articles not published in English will be excluded. Two investigators will independently complete article selection and data abstraction to minimise bias. A data extraction form will be iteratively developed and information from each publication will be extracted: (1) bibliographic, (2) methodological, (3) demographic, and (4) bridging information. Qualitative content analysis will be used to describe key concepts related to bridging.ConclusionsTo our knowledge, this will be the first scoping review to describe bridging of ageing and disability knowledge, services and policies. The findings will inform the development of a taxonomy to define models of bridging that can be implemented and further evaluated to enable integrated care and improve systems and services for those ageing with disability.Ethics and disseminationEthics is not required because this is a scoping review of published literature. Findings will be disseminated through stakeholder meetings, conference presentations and peer reviewed publication.

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Intervention elements to reduce inappropriate prescribing for older adults with multimorbidity receiving outpatient care: a scoping review

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2020-039543 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (8) ◽

pp. e039543

Author(s):

Jia Qi Lee ◽

Kate Ying ◽

Penny Lun ◽

Keng Teng Tan ◽

Wendy Ang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Scoping Review ◽

Data Extraction ◽

Adult Population ◽

Grey Literature ◽

Inappropriate Prescribing ◽

Complex Interventions ◽

Final Analysis ◽

Outpatient Setting ◽

Cochrane Library

ObjectivePolypharmacy occurs in approximately 30% of older adults aged 65 years or more, particularly among those with multimorbidity. With polypharmacy, there is an associated risk of potentially inappropriate prescribing (PIP). The aims of this scoping review were to (1) identify the intervention elements that have been adopted to reduce PIP in the outpatient setting and (2) determine the behaviour change wheel (BCW) intervention functions performed by each of the identified intervention elements.DesignScoping reviewData sourcesPubMed, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, EMBASE, Web of Science and Cochrane Library databases, grey literature sources, six key geriatrics journals and the reference lists of review papers.Study selectionAll studies reporting an intervention or strategy that addressed PIP in the older adult population (age ≥65) with multimorbidity in the outpatient setting and in which the primary prescriber is the physician.Data extractionData extracted from the included studies can be broadly categorised into (1) publication details, (2) intervention details and (3) results. This was followed by data synthesis and analysis based on the BCW framework.ResultsOf 8195 studies yielded, 80 studies were included in the final analysis and 14 intervention elements were identified. An average of two to three elements were adopted in each intervention. The three most frequently adopted intervention elements were medication review (70%), training (26.3%) and tool/instrument(s) (22.5%). Among medication reviews, 70% involved pharmacists. The 14 intervention elements were mapped onto five intervention functions: ‘education’, ‘persuasion’, ‘training’, ‘environmental restructuring’ and ‘enablement’.ConclusionPIP is a multifaceted problem that involves multiple stakeholders. As such, interventions that address PIP require multiple elements to target the behaviour of the various stakeholders. The intervention elements and their corresponding functions identified in this scoping review will serve to inform the design of complex interventions that aim to reduce PIP.

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Patient-centred infertility care: a scoping review protocol

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2019-032266 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (11) ◽

pp. e032266

Author(s):

Hana Hasan Webair ◽

Tengku Alina Tengku Ismail ◽

Shaiful Bahari Ismail ◽

Norhayati Mohd Noor

Keyword(s):

Scoping Review ◽

Literature Search ◽

Data Extraction ◽

Grey Literature ◽

Decision Makers ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Quality Healthcare ◽

Study Selection ◽

History Of ◽

Review Protocol

IntroductionPatient-centred infertility care (PCIC) is one of the quality indicators of effective fertility care. The application of this indicator requires a clear definition from the patient’s perspective. This proposed scoping review aims to explore the extent and nature of published scientific literature on PCIC in the past decade, identify gaps in the literature and define PCIC from infertile patients’ perspectives.Methods and analysisWe will conduct the proposed scoping review following the method of Arksey and O’Malley. The literature search will include studies published from 2009 to 2019, and will be conducted on the MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Scopus, Cochrane Library, and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) databases; reference lists will be mined for literature not contained on these databases. A grey literature search will also be conducted. To be included in the review, studies should have been conducted on people with a history of infertility, with a focus on patient-centred fertility care. Studies that have not been published in full text and studies published in languages other than English will be excluded. After study selection, data will be charted in a prepared form. We will analyse the data using descriptive numerical and qualitative thematic analyses to answer the research questions. NVivo V.12 will be used for data extraction.Ethics and disseminationThis work does not warrant any ethical or safety concerns. This scoping review will synthesise existing literature on PCIC, and the results will be published to be readily available for clinical audiences and policymakers. These findings may support clinicians and decision-makers in applying PCIC, thereby promoting high-quality healthcare in the concerned population.

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Health and Support Service Needs of Individuals With Disability From Culturally and Linguistically Diverse Backgrounds: A Scoping Review Protocol

10.21203/rs.3.rs-35393/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Jacqueline Nhu Quynh Pho ◽

Aidan Christopher Tan ◽

Katrina Chaudhary ◽

Sonia Hines ◽

Caroline Ellison ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Scoping Review ◽

Support Services ◽

Data Extraction ◽

Grey Literature ◽

Linguistically Diverse ◽

Support Service ◽

Culturally And Linguistically Diverse ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Service Needs ◽

Scoping Reviews

Abstract Background: All individuals should have the right to engage meaningfully in occupations that meet their aspirations and life goals as well as promote their health and wellbeing. For individuals with disability, meaningful engagement in occupations is supported by timely, effective and adaptive health and support services. However, research has revealed multiple barriers preventing utilisation of these services by individuals with disability from culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) backgrounds. This review aims to identify gaps and solutions in health and support services of individuals with disability from CALD backgrounds to meaningfully engage in occupations.Methods: A scoping review will be conducted in accordance with the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) methodology for scoping reviews and follow the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Scoping Review guidelines. A detailed search strategy will be used to search CINAHL, PubMed, Embase, Scopus, PsychInfo, JBI and Cochrane Library, as well as grey literature in Trove, Mednar and OpenGrey. Studies will be screened for eligibility against specific inclusion and exclusion criteria for relevant studies. Data will be extracted using the JBI data extraction instrument and presented in a diagrammatic or tabular form accompanied with a narrative summary.Discussion: The scoping review will present the health and support service needs of individuals with disability from CALD backgrounds and will extend the current reviews as it focuses the engagement in meaningful occupation. Findings from this review have the potential to inform local policy discussions and practice-based disability care.

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Optimising prescribing practices in older adults with multimorbidity: a scoping review of guidelines

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2021-049072 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (12) ◽

pp. e049072

Author(s):

Penny Lun ◽

Felicia Law ◽

Esther Ho ◽

Keng Teng Tan ◽

Wendy Ang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Decision Making ◽

Scoping Review ◽

Data Extraction ◽

Grey Literature ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Prescribing Practices ◽

Usable Knowledge ◽

Study Selection ◽

The Cochrane Library

ObjectiveInappropriate polypharmacy occurs when multiple medications are prescribed without clear indications or where harms outweigh their benefits. The aims of this scoping review are to (1) identify prescribing guidelines that are available for older adults with multimorbidity and (2) to identify cross-cutting themes used in these guidelines.DesignScoping review.Data sourcesPubMed, Embase, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library databases, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, grey literature sources, six key geriatrics journals, and reference lists of identified review papers. The search was conducted in November 2018 and updated in September 2019.Study selectionGeneral prescribing guidelines tailored to or for adults including older adults with multimorbidity.Data extractionData for publication description, guideline characteristics, information for users and criteria were extracted. The synthesis contains summarised qualitative descriptions of the studies and guideline characteristics as well as identified cross-cutting themes.ResultsOur search strategy yielded 10 427 unique citations, of which 70 fulfilled the inclusion criteria for synthesis. Among these, there were 61 unique guidelines and tools which used implicit, explicit, mixed or other approaches in the prescriber decision-making process. There are 11 cross-cutting themes identified in the guidelines. Prescriber-related themes are: conduct a comprehensive assessment before prescribing, identify patients’ needs, goals and priorities, adopt shared decision-making, consider evidence-based recommendations, use clinical prescribing tools, incorporate multidisciplinary inputs and embrace technology-enabled prescribing. Wider organisation-related and system-related themes related to education, training and the work environment are also identified.ConclusionsFrom guidelines and tools identified, eleven cross-cutting themes provide a usable knowledge base when seeking to optimise prescribing among older adults with multimorbidity. Incorporating these themes in an approach that uses mixed criteria and implementation information could facilitate greater uptake of published prescribing recommendations.

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