scholarly journals Delivery of healthcare provider’s lifestyle advice and lifestyle behavioural change in adults who were overweight or obese in pre-diabetes management in the USA: NHANES (2013–2018)

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. e001139
Author(s):  
Mary Lynn Davis-Ajami ◽  
Zhiqiang Kevin Lu ◽  
Jun Wu
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Management ◽  
Behavioural Change ◽  
Lifestyle Change ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Delivery Of Healthcare ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Lifestyle Management ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Advice Group

ObjectiveThe purpose of this study is to examine the association between delivery of healthcare provider’s advice about lifestyle management and lifestyle behavioural change in pre-diabetes management in adults who were overweight or obese.DesignThis cross-sectional study included adults with body mass index (BMI) ≥25 kg/m2 and reporting pre-diabetes in USA. Outcomes included the prevalence of receiving provider’s advice on lifestyle management and patterns of practicing lifestyle change. The association between delivery of provider’s advice and lifestyle-related behavioural change in pre-diabetes management was examined.SettingUS Continuous National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2013–2018).ParticipantsA total of 1039 adults with BMI ≥25 kg/m2 reported pre-diabetes.ResultsOf eligible adults with pre-diabetes, 76.8% received provider’s advice about lifestyle change. The advice group showed higher proportions of ongoing lifestyle change than no advice group, including weight reduction/control (80.1% vs 70.9%, p=0.018), exercise (70.9% vs 60.9%, p=0.013) and diet modifications (83.8% vs 61.8%, p<0.001). After adjustment, those receiving provider’s advice were more likely to increase exercise (OR 1.63, 95% CI 1.12 to 2.38) and modify diet (OR 3.0, 95% CI 1.82 to 4.96).ConclusionOver 75% of US adults who were overweight or obese and reported pre-diabetes received healthcare provider’s advice about reducing the risk of diabetes through lifestyle change. Provider’s advice increased the likelihood of lifestyle-related behavioural change to exercise and diet.

scholarly journals Mask-wearing and control of SARS-CoV-2 transmission in the USA: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. e148-e157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin Rader ◽  
Laura F White ◽  
Michael R Burns ◽  
Jack Chen ◽  
Joseph Brilliant ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Usa ◽  
And Control

scholarly journals Effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on the ability of level 1 trauma centers to meet American College of Surgeons research requirements

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. e000692
Author(s):  
Robert M Madayag ◽  
Erica Sercy ◽  
Gina M Berg ◽  
Kaysie L Banton ◽  
Matthew Carrick ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Trauma Centers ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
American College Of Surgeons ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Virus Exposure ◽  
Level 1 ◽  
Verification Process ◽  
Question Survey

IntroductionThe COVID-19 pandemic has had major effects on hospitals’ ability to perform scientific research while providing patient care and minimizing virus exposure and spread. Many non-COVID-19 research has been halted, and funding has been diverted to COVID-19 research and away from other areas.MethodsA 28-question survey was administered to all level 1 trauma centers in the USA that included questions about how the pandemic affected the trauma centers’ ability to fulfill the volume and research requirements of level 1 verification by the American College of Surgeons (ACS).ResultsThe survey had a 29% response rate (40/137 successful invitations). Over half of respondents (52%) reported reduced trauma admissions during the pandemic, and 7% reported that their admissions dropped below the volume required for level 1 verification. Many centers diverted resources from research during the pandemic (44%), halted ongoing consenting studies (33%), and had difficulty fulfilling research requirements because of competing clinical priorities (40%).DiscussionResults of this study show a need for flexibility in the ACS verification process during the COVID-19 pandemic, potentially including reduction of the required admissions and/or research publication volumes.Level of evidenceLevel IV, cross-sectional study.

scholarly journals Cross-sectional study of the association between age-related macular degeneration and arthritis in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2005–2008

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. e035805
Author(s):  
Zhuoting Zhu ◽  
Huan Liao ◽  
Sen Liu ◽  
Jian Zhang ◽  
Yifan Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Macular Degeneration ◽  
National Health ◽  
Logistic Models ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽  
Nutrition Examination Survey ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Age Related

ObjectiveTo explore the association between age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and arthritis in a representative sample of the US population.DesignPopulation-based, cross-sectional study.SettingThe National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2005–2008.ParticipantsA total of 4813 participants aged 40 years and older with available information on AMD and arthritis in the 2005–2008 NHANES.MethodsThe status and types of arthritis were obtained from questionnaires. Non-mydriatic fundus photographs were collected. The types of AMD were assessed using the modified Wisconsin Age-Related Maculopathy Grading Classification Scheme. The association between arthritis and AMD was evaluated using logistic regression models.ResultsAfter adjusting for covariates, participants with any or early AMD had significantly lower odds of having any type of arthritis (any AMD: OR=0.56, 95% CI: 0.36–0.86; early AMD: OR=0.55, 95% CI: 0.34–0.88) or osteoarthritis (OA) (any AMD: OR=0.43, 95% CI: 0.26–0.71; early AMD: OR=0.44, 95% CI: 0.25–0.76) compared with those without AMD. When considering AMD as the outcome, significant negative associations were also found between any arthritis or OA and any (any arthritis: OR=0.64, 95% CI: 0.43–0.94; OA: OR=0.52, 95% CI: 0.33–0.82) or early AMD (any arthritis: OR=0.61, 95% CI: 0.40–0.93; OA: OR=0.51, 95% CI: 0.31–0.86) in the multivariable logistic models. There was no significant association between different types of arthritis and late AMD.ConclusionsPeople with arthritis, especially those with OA, were less likely to have AMD compared with those without arthritis and vice versa. Further studies are needed to confirm this potential protective effect of arthritis and/or arthritis treatment on AMD and to explore the underlying mechanisms.

Seroprevalence ofBordetella pertussisin the Mexican population: a cross-sectional study

2013 ◽  
Vol 142 (4) ◽  
pp. 706-713 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. CONDE-GLEZ ◽  
E. LAZCANO-PONCE ◽  
R. ROJAS ◽  
R. DeANTONIO ◽  
L. ROMANO-MAZZOTTI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Disease Burden ◽  
Public Health Intervention ◽  
Booster Vaccination ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Nutrition Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Sources Of Infection

SUMMARYSerum samples collected during the National Health and Nutrition survey (ENSANUT 2006) were obtained from subjects aged 1–95 years (January–October 2010) and analysed to assess the seroprevalence ofBordetella pertussis(BP) in Mexico. Subjects' gender, age, geographical region and socioeconomic status were extracted from the survey and compiled into a subset database. A total of 3344 subjects (median age 29 years, range 1–95 years) were included in the analysis. Overall, BP seroprevalence was 47·4%. BP seroprevalence was significantly higher in males (53·4%,P = 0·0007) and highest in children (59·3%) decreasing with advancing age (P = 0·0008). BP seroprevalence was not significantly different between regions (P = 0·1918) and between subjects of socioeconomic status (P = 0·0808). Women, adolescents and young adults were identified as potential sources of infection to infants. Booster vaccination for adolescents and primary contacts (including mothers) for newborns and infants may provide an important public health intervention to reduce the disease burden.

Abstract P707: Trends, Predictors and Outcomes of Cerebrovascular Disease Amongst Patients With Thrombotic Microangiopathy

Stroke ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 52 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Priyadarshee Patel ◽  
Urvish K Patel ◽  
Graca Vanessa ◽  
Abhinav Patel ◽  
Davis Chacko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thrombotic Microangiopathy ◽  
Thrombus Formation ◽  
Cerebral Arteries ◽  
Temporal Trends ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Coagulation System ◽  
Trend Test ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
The Usa

Background: Thrombotic Microangiopathy (TMA) is a rare disorder affecting the coagulation system causing microangiopathic thrombus formation within various blood vessels including the cerebral arteries. It may be seen in association with thrombocytopenia, anemia, purpura and kidney failure as well as complications of various systemic viral illnesses. We sought to estimate the trends, predictors, and outcomes of CeVD in patients having ™ from a nationally representative database of the USA. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we identified hospitalization with TM using ICD-9/10-CM from the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) for the years 2008-2017. Prevalence of CeVD was identified by validated ICD-9/10-CM codes. We utilized Cochran Armitage trend test and multivariable survey logistic regression models to analyze temporal trends, outcomes and predictors of any CeVD in TM patients. Results: Out of a total 58,850 hospitalizations among TMA patients, 4,668 (7.9%) developed CeVD. Prevalence of CeVD increased from 6.2% in 2008 to 8.2% in 2017 (pTrend<0.001). Patients who developed CeVD were older and more likely to be female. In multivariable regression analysis, increasing age (OR 1.2; 95%CI 1.1-1.2; p<0.0001); females (OR 1.3; 95%CI 1.1-1.6;p<0.0004); African American (OR 1.4; 95%CI 1.2-1.7;p<0.001) and hypertension (OR 1.3; 95%CI 1.1-1.6; p<0.0001). CeVD was also associated with higher length of stay (18 vs 12 days; p<0.001). Additionally, CeVD was associated with higher in-hospital mortality (aOR 2.1; 95%CI 1.7-2.5; p<0.001) and discharge to facility (aOR 3.0; 95%CI 2.4-3.5; p<0.001) after adjusting with confounders. Conclusion: We observed the mildly incremental prevalence of CeVD among TMA patients. We were able to identify the TMA patient population susceptible to CeVD, most commonly occurring in older, females and African Americans. CeVD was also associated with significantly poor outcomes in TM. These findings may pose similarities to other systemic viral illness-induced thrombotic microangiopathy such as COVID-19. Further studies are required to improve the outcomes of these susceptible patient populations.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document