Prevalence of internet addiction among college students in the Indian setting: a systematic review and meta-analysis

BackgroundThe internet is an integral part of everyone’s life. College going adolescents are highly vulnerable to the misuse of the internet.AimsTo estimate the pooled prevalence of internet addiction (IA) among college students in India.MethodsLiterature databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, EMBASE, PsycINFO and Google Scholar) were searched for studies assessing IA using the Young Internet Addiction Test (Y-IAT) among adolescents from India, published in the English language up to December 2020. We included studies from 2010 to 2020 as this is the marked era of momentum in wireless internet connectivity in India. The methodological quality of each study was scored, and data were extracted from the published reports. Pooled prevalence was estimated using the fixed-effects model. Publication bias was evaluated using Egger’s test and visual inspection of the symmetry in funnel plots.ResultsFifty studies conducted in 19 states of India estimated the prevalence of IA and the overall prevalence of IA as 19.9% (95% CI: 19.3% to 20.5%) and 40.7% (95% CI: 38.7% to 42.8%) based on the Y-IAT cut-off scores of 50 and 40, respectively. The estimated prevalence of severe IA was significantly higher in the Y-IAT cut-off points of 70 than 80 (12.7% (95% CI: 11.2% to 14.3%) vs 4.6% (95% CI: 4.1% to 5.2%)). The sampling method and quality of included studies had a significant effect on the estimation of prevalence in which studies using non-probability sampling and low risk of bias (total quality score ≥7) reported lower prevalence. The overall quality of evidence was rated as ‘moderate’ based on the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation criteria.ConclusionsOur nationally representative data suggest that about 20% to 40% of college students in India are at risk for IA. There is a need for further research in the reconsideration of Y-IAT cut-off points among Indian college students.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42020219511.

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Congenital toxoplasmosis among Iranian neonates: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Epidemiology and Health ◽

10.4178/epih.e2019021 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 41 ◽

pp. e2019021 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Shahabeddin Sarvi ◽

Tooran Nayeri Chegeni ◽

Mehdi Sharif ◽

Mahbobeh Montazeri ◽

Seyed Abdollah Hosseini ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Fixed Effects ◽

English Language ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Congenital Toxoplasmosis ◽

Incidence Rates ◽

Health Concern ◽

Fixed Effects Model ◽

Persian Language ◽

Associated Risk Factors

Toxoplasmosis is a serious zoonotic disease that can lead to abortion and congenital disorders and has a widespread global distribution in humans and animals. The objective of this review was to investigate the incidence of toxoplasmosis in Iranian neonates in order to obtain a comprehensive assessment of the overall situation of the disease for use in developing future interventions. Original studies investigating the incidence of Toxoplasma gondii infections in Iranian neonates were systematically searched in a number of English-language and Persian-language electronic databases. The search process resulted in the inclusion of a total of 11 studies in the systematic review, 10 of which were entered into the meta-analysis. The reviewed articles included 2,230 Iranian neonates investigated through January 1, 2018. Based on the retrieved studies, the overall weighted incidence rates of toxoplasmosis in the Iranian neonatal population and neonates with suspected congenital toxoplasmosis were estimated to be 0.64% (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.31 to 1.09) and 4.10% (95% CI, 2.68 to 5.77), respectively, using a fixed-effects model. The findings of the reviewed studies demonstrate that the incidence of toxoplasmosis is high in Iranian neonates. Accordingly, it can be concluded that toxoplasmosis is a serious public health concern that has been ignored by the Ministry of Health. Therefore, it is essential to perform further studies, in addition to implementing screening and detection programs, using standardized methods to estimate the incidence of toxoplasmosis in Iran and to determine its associated risk factors.

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College Students’ Attitude towards the Internet as Communication Medium and Level of Utilization of English Language in the Classroom

Open Journal of Social Sciences ◽

10.4236/jss.2019.77036 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 07 (07) ◽

pp. 438-452

Author(s):

Antonio R. Yango ◽

Pedrito Jose V. Bermudo ◽

Erwin B. Quendangan

Keyword(s):

College Students ◽

English Language ◽

The Internet ◽

Communication Medium

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Internet addiction: Associated with lower health-related quality of life among college students in Taiwan, and in what aspects?

Computers in Human Behavior ◽

10.1016/j.chb.2018.03.011 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 84 ◽

pp. 460-466 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Kae-Chyang Chern ◽

Jiun-Hau Huang

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

College Students ◽

Internet Addiction ◽

Health Related Quality ◽

Related Quality ◽

Health Related ◽

Lower Health

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Problem solving therapies for depression: A meta-analysis

European Psychiatry ◽

10.1016/j.eurpsy.2006.11.001 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 22 (1) ◽

pp. 9-15 ◽

Cited By ~ 169

Author(s):

Pim Cuijpers ◽

Annemieke van Straten ◽

Lisanne Warmerdam

Keyword(s):

Problem Solving ◽

Fixed Effects ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Fixed Effects Model ◽

Problem Solving Therapy ◽

Intention To Treat ◽

Positive Effects ◽

Randomized Controlled Studies ◽

Subgroup Analyses

AbstractPurposeIn the past decades, the effects of problem-solving therapy (PST) for depression have been examined in several randomized controlled studies. However, until now no meta-analysis has tried to integrate the results of these studies.MethodsWe conducted a systematic literature search and identified 13 randomized studies examining the effects of PST, with a total of 1133 subjects. The quality of studies varied.ResultsThe mean standardized effect size was 0.34 in the fixed effects model and 0.83 in the random effects model, with very high heterogeneity. Subgroup analyses indicated significantly lower effects for individual interventions in studies with subjects who met criteria for major depression, studies in which intention-to-treat analyses were conducted instead of completers-only analyses, and studies with pill placebo and care-as-usual control groups. Heterogeneity was high, and the subgroup analyses did not result in clear indications of what caused this high heterogeneity. This indicates that PST has varying effects on depression, and that it is not known to date what determines whether PST has larger of smaller effects.ConclusionAlthough there is no doubt that PST can be an effective treatment for depression, more research is needed to ascertain the conditions and subjects in which these positive effects are realized.

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Terbinafine is More Effective Than Itraconazole in Treating Toenail Onychomycosis: Results from a Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Journal of Cutaneous Medicine and Surgery ◽

10.1007/s10227-002-0139-9 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 7 (4) ◽

pp. 306-311 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

H. Alexander Krob ◽

Alan B. Fleischer ◽

Ralph D'Agostino ◽

Steven R. Feldman

Keyword(s):

Odds Ratio ◽

Fixed Effects ◽

English Language ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Secondary Analysis ◽

Fixed Effects Model ◽

Primary Analysis ◽

Medline Search ◽

Mycologic Cure ◽

The Difference

Background: Toenail onychomycosis is a challenge for clinicians to treat, and this challenge is compounded by conflicting information in the medical literature concerning the efficacy of the two principal agents used in its treatment: Terbinafine and itraconazole. Objective: The purpose of this meta-analysis is to compare the efficacy of terbinafine with that of itraconazole in the treatment of toenail onychomycosis caused by dermatophytes. Methods: A Medline search was performed for all English language publications from 1966 to June 1999 on the use of terbinafine and itraconazole in the treatment of toenail onychomycosis. Included were randomized studies in which subjects received no less than 3 months (or cycles) and no more than 4 months (or cycles) of either terbinafine or itraconazole. Data were abstracted and statistical analyses (random effects model, fixed effects model, and Peto's method) were applied. Results: Thirteen studies were included from the original literature review of 1636 total referenced reports; four studies did not fulfill our inclusion or exclusion criteria. The primary analysis of six studies directly comparing terbinafine to itraconazole resulted in an odds ratio ranging from 1.8 (95% CI = 1.8, 2.8) to 2.9 (1.9, 4.1). The secondary analysis of three studies comparing either itraconazole or terbinafine to placebo estimated an odds ratio of 1.1–1.7. The former shows that terbinafine is 80%–190% more likely to result in mycologic cure than is itraconazole; the latter demonstrates a 10%–70% greater likelihood. The difference between the relative efficacies of terbinafine and itraconazole was highly statistically significant ( p < 0.0001). Conclusion: Meta-analysis of the published worldwide literature finds that terbinafine is significantly more effective than itraconazole at achieving mycologic cure of toenail onychomycosis.

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Olfactory and gustatory dysfunction in 2019 novel coronavirus: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis

10.21203/rs.3.rs-44648/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Marzieh Esmaeili ◽

Fatemeh Abdi ◽

Gita Shafiee ◽

Hadis Rastad ◽

Hamid Asayesh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

English Language ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Random Effect ◽

Eligibility Criteria ◽

Language Studies ◽

Pooled Prevalence ◽

Comprehensive Search ◽

Novel Coronavirus

Abstract BackgroundEvidence showed that partial or complete loss of smell and taste might be a possible primary symptom of the 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID-19). This study aimed to systematically review and pool all available evidence on the olfactory and gustatory dysfunction in COVID-19 patients. MethodsIn this systematic review, a comprehensive search was carried out systematically through e-databases including PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, and Web of Science (WoS); that was limited to English-language studies published from 2019 up to 6th May 2020. Afterward, all studies reported the taste and smell dysfunction in the COVID-19 patients were included. The quality of the studies was assessed by the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT). The pooled prevalence of olfactory and gustatory dysfunction was estimated using the random effects meta-analysis method.ResultsAmong 28 eligible included studies in this systematic review, finally, 22 studies met the eligibility criteria and were included in the meta-analysis. According to the random effect meta-analysis, the global pooled prevalence (95% confidence interval) of any olfactory dysfunction, anosmia, and hyposmia was 55% (40%-70%), 40% (22%-57%), and 40% (20%-61%) respectively. The pooled estimated prevalence of any gustatory dysfunction, ageusia, and dysgeusia was 41% (23%-59%), 31% (3%-59%), and 34% (19%-48%) respectively. ConclusionOlfactory and gustatory dysfunction is prevalent among COVID-19 patients. Therefore, olfactory and gustatory dysfunction seems to be part of important symptoms and notify for the diagnosis of COVID-19, especially in the early phase of the infection.

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Effects of self-concealment and self-esteem on Internet addiction in college students

Social Behavior and Personality An International Journal ◽

10.2224/sbp.10370 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 49 (7) ◽

pp. 1-9

Author(s):

Guangya Zhou ◽

Enguo Wang

Keyword(s):

College Students ◽

Internet Addiction ◽

Indirect Effect ◽

Positive Relationship ◽

Self Esteem ◽

The Self ◽

The Internet ◽

Shed Light

We investigated the relationships between self-concealment, selfesteem, and Internet addiction in college students. Participants (N = 589 undergraduates) completed the Self-Concealment Scale, the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, and the Internet Addiction Diagnostic Questionnaire. Results show that self-esteem partially mediated the positive relationship between self-concealment and Internet addiction. Further, the bootstrapping analysis results reveal that self-concealment had a significant indirect effect via self-esteem on Internet addiction among college students. These findings extend previous studies and shed light on ways to reduce Internet addiction from a positive and meaningful perspective through the effects of self-concealment and selfesteem.

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Internet Gaming Disorder

Advances in Psychology, Mental Health, and Behavioral Studies - Psychological and Social Implications Surrounding Internet and Gaming Addiction ◽

10.4018/978-1-4666-8595-6.ch001 ◽

2015 ◽

pp. 1-15

Author(s):

Mario Lehenbauer-Baum ◽

Martina Fohringer

Keyword(s):

Internet Addiction ◽

Internet Gaming Disorder ◽

The Internet ◽

Gaming Disorder ◽

Internet Gaming ◽

Dsm V ◽

German Speaking ◽

Research Findings ◽

High Level

Internet Gaming Disorder (IGD) was introduced in the recent DSM-V as a condition needing more research. Therefore, this chapter contributes to this discussion by a summary of recent research findings and introduces an empirical study concerning differences between an engaged and a problematic use of games. We surveyed 577 participants (mean age 24.38 years; 77.1% male) from German speaking areas. We used a gaming addiction questionnaire and the Internet Addiction Scale (ISS-20). 93.7% are high-level player (level 85); 3.1% are addicted according to the ISS-20. We found 2 factors explaining “addiction” and “engagement”. Addicted players spend more time per week playing online with 31.31 hours/week compared to highly engaged players with 22.19 hours/week (p < .001), have higher scores in the Internet addiction scale (p < .001), and significantly lower scores in scales measuring the quality of life (p < .001). Therefore we conclude that items tapping euphoria and cognitive salience are of limited use when it comes to a classification of IGD.

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