Lewis phenotypes, leisure time physical activity, and risk of ischaemic heart disease: an 11 year follow up in the Copenhagen male study

Abstract Objective To estimate the effects of excess body mass and leisure time physical activity on the incidence and persistence of chronic pain. Design A prospective cohort study. Methods As a part of the Finnish Helsinki Health Study, we included three cohorts of employees of the City of Helsinki (18,562 observations) and defined incident chronic pain as having pain in any part of the body for more than three months at follow-up in participants without chronic pain at baseline (N = 13,029 observations). Persistent chronic pain was defined as having pain for more than three months at both baseline and follow-up (N = 5,533 observations). Results Overweight (adjusted odds ratio [OR] = 1.18, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.06–1.31) and obesity (OR = 1.65, 95% CI = 1.45–1.88) increased the incidence of chronic pain. Moreover, overweight (OR = 1.16, 95% CI = 1.02–1.32) and obesity (OR = 1.48, 95% CI = 1.26–1.74) increased the risk of persistent chronic pain. Vigorous leisure time physical activity reduced the incidence of chronic pain (OR = 0.85, 95% CI = 0.75–0.96). Physical activity did not influence the risk of persistent chronic pain. Furthermore, overweight/obesity modified the effect of leisure time physical activity on incident chronic pain. Inactive overweight or obese participants were at the highest risk of chronic pain (OR = 1.71, 95% CI = 1.40–2.09), while the OR dropped to 1.44 (95% CI = 1.19–1.75) in moderately active overweight or obese participants and to 1.20 (95% CI = 0.97–1.47) in highly active overweight or obese participants. Conclusions Obesity not only increases the risk of developing chronic pain, but also increases the risk of persistent pain, while leisure time physical activity reduces the risk of developing chronic pain.

Download Full-text

Longitudinal changes in body composition and waist circumference by self-reported levels of physical activity in leisure among adolescents: the Tromsø study, Fit Futures

BMC Sports Science Medicine and Rehabilitation ◽

10.1186/s13102-019-0150-8 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Nils Abel Aars ◽

Bjarne K. Jacobsen ◽

Bente Morseth ◽

Nina Emaus ◽

Sameline Grimsgaard

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Body Composition ◽

Waist Circumference ◽

Fat Mass ◽

Lean Mass ◽

Leisure Time ◽

Leisure Time Physical Activity ◽

First Year ◽

Fat Mass Index

Abstract Background It is not clear how physical activity affects body composition in adolescents. Physical activity levels are often reduced during this period, and the relative proportion of body fat mass and lean mass undergo natural changes in growing adolescents. We aimed to examine whether self-reported physical activity in leisure time at baseline or change in activity during follow-up affect changes in four measures of body composition; body mass index (kg/m2), waist circumference, fat mass index (fat mass in kg/m2) and lean mass index (lean mass in kg/m2). Methods We used data from the Tromsø Study Fit Futures, which invited all first year students in upper secondary high school in two municipalities in northern Norway in 2010–2011. They were reexamined in 2012–2013. Longitudinal data was available for 292 boys and 354 girls. We used multiple linear regression analyses to assess whether self-reported level of physical activity in leisure time at baseline predicted changes in body composition, and analysis of covariance to assess the effects of change in level of activity during follow-up on change in body composition. All analyses were performed sex-specific, and a p-value of < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results There were no associations between self-reported leisure time physical activity in the first year of upper secondary high school and changes in any of the considered measure of body composition after 2 years of follow up, with the exception of waist circumference in boys (p = 0.05). In boys, change in fat mass index differed significantly between groups of activity change (p < 0.01), with boys adopting activity or remaining physically active having less increase in fat mass index than the consistently inactive. In girls, change in lean mass index differed significantly between groups of activity change (p = 0.04), with girls adopting physical activity having the highest increase. Conclusions Self-reported leisure time physical activity does not predict changes in body composition in adolescents after 2 years of follow up. Change in the level of physical activity is associated with change in fat mass index in boys and lean mass index in girls.

Download Full-text

Changes in leisure-time physical activity and physical and mental health functioning: a follow-up study

Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports ◽

10.1111/sms.12758 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 27 (12) ◽

pp. 1785-1792 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

A. Holstila ◽

M. Mänty ◽

O. Rahkonen ◽

E. Lahelma ◽

J. Lahti

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Physical Activity ◽

Leisure Time ◽

Leisure Time Physical Activity ◽

Physical And Mental Health ◽

Mental Health Functioning ◽

Follow Up Study ◽

Health Functioning

Download Full-text

Leisure-Time Physical Activity During Pregnancy and Offspring Size at 18 to 24 Months

Journal of Physical Activity and Health ◽

10.1123/jpah.8.5.655 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 8 (5) ◽

pp. 655-662 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Kelly Mattran ◽

Lanay M. Mudd ◽

Rebecca A. Rudey ◽

Jeannette S.C. Kelly

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Body Fat ◽

Leisure Time ◽

Leisure Time Physical Activity ◽

Late Pregnancy ◽

Offspring Size ◽

Maternal Body Mass Index ◽

Third Trimester ◽

Z Scores

Background:Leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) during pregnancy has maternal benefits, but effects on offspring have not often been considered. This study aimed to determine associations among trimester-specific LTPA during pregnancy and toddler size.Methods:Women (n = 300) were recruited while pregnant in 2006. At follow-up (2008), women reported demographics; recalled type, duration, and frequency of trimester-specific LTPA (MET·min/wk); and rated their toddler’s current LTPA level (more, same, or less than others their age). A subset (n = 23) volunteered to have maternal and toddler height, weight, and body fat measured. Maternal body mass index (BMI) and toddler weight-for-height z-scores (WHZ) were calculated.Results:Median toddler WHZ was 0.6 (range −0.5 to 2.9). In Spearman correlations, third trimester LTPA was marginally associated with lower toddler weight (rs = −0.39, P = .06) and WHZ (rs = −0.40, P = .06), but no other measures of maternal LTPA and toddler body size were related. Birth weight z-score was positively associated with toddler weight (rs = 0.51, P = .01) but negatively associated with percent body fat (rs= −0.46, P = .03). Measures of maternal size were unassociated with toddler size.Conclusions:These results provide preliminary support for LTPA during late pregnancy to have a lasting effect on offspring size.

Download Full-text