Estimating the international burden of sport-related death: a review of data sources

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristen L Kucera ◽  
Lauren V Fortington ◽  
Catherine S Wolff ◽  
Stephen W Marshall ◽  
Caroline F Finch
Keyword(s):  
International Comparisons ◽  
Sports Injury ◽  
General Purpose ◽  
Data Sources ◽  
International Organisations ◽  
Related Activity ◽  
Activity Data ◽  
Case Identification ◽  
International Data ◽  
Key Features

IntroductionDespite detailed recommendations for sports injury data capture provided since the mid-1990s, international data collection efforts for sport-related death remains limited in scope. The purpose of this paper was to review the data sources available for studying sport-related death and describe their key features, coverage, accessibility and strengths and limitations.MethodsThe outcomes of interest for this review was death occurring as a result of participation in organised sport-related activity. Data sources used to enumerate death in sport were identified, drawing from the authors’ knowledge/experience and review of key references from international organisations. The general purpose, case identification, structure, strengths and limitations of each source in relation to collection of data for sport-related death were summarised, drawing on examples from the international published literature to illustrate this application.ResultsSeven types of resources were identified for capturing deaths in sport. Data sources varied considerably in their ability to identify: participant status, sport relatedness of the death, types of sport-related deaths they capture, level of detail provided about the circumstances and medical care received. The most detailed sources were those that were dedicated to sports surveillance. Sport relatedness and type of sport may not be reliably captured by systems not dedicated to sports injury surveillance. Only one source permitted international comparisons and was limited to one sport (soccer).ConclusionData on sport-related death are currently collected across a wide variety of data sources. This review highlights the need for robust, comprehensive approaches with standardised methodologies enabling linkage between sources and international comparisons.

scholarly journals A high-resolution regional emission inventory of atmospheric mercury and its comparison with multi-scale inventories: a case study of Jiangsu, China

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Zhong ◽  
Yu Zhao ◽  
Marilena Muntean ◽  
Lei Zhang ◽  
Jie Zhang
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Coal Combustion ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Field Measurements ◽  
Atmospheric Mercury ◽  
Data Sources ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Air Pollution Control ◽  
Activity Data ◽  
Multi Scale

Abstract. A better understanding of the discrepancies in multi-scale inventories could give an insight on their approaches and limitations, and provide indications for further improvements; international, national and plant-by-plant data sources are primarily obtained to compile those inventories. In this study we develop a high-resolution inventory of Hg emissions at 0.05° × 0.05° for Jiangsu China using a bottom-up approach and then compare the results with available global/national inventories. With detailed information on individual sources and the updated emission factors from field measurements incorporated, the annual Hg emissions of anthropogenic origin in Jiangsu 2010 are estimated at 39 105 kg, of which 51 %, 47 % and 2 % were released as Hg0, Hg2+, and HgP, respectively. This provincial inventory is thoroughly compared to the downscaled results from three national inventories (NJU, THU and BNU) and two global inventories (AMAP/UNEP and EDGARv4.tox2). Attributed to varied methods and data sources, clear information gaps exist in multi-scale inventories, leading to differences in the emission levels, speciation and spatial distributions of atmospheric Hg. The total emissions in the provincial inventory are the largest, i.e., 28 %, 7 %, 19 %, 22 %, and 70 % higher than NJU, THU, BNU, AMAP/UNEP, and EDGARv4.tox2, respectively. For major sectors including power generation, cement, iron & steel and other coal combustion, the Hg contents (HgC) in coals/raw materials, abatement rates of air pollution control devices (APCD) and activity levels are identified as the crucial parameters responsible for the differences in estimated emissions between inventories. Regarding speciated emissions, larger fraction of Hg2+ is found in the provincial inventory than national and global inventories, resulting mainly from the results by the most recent domestic studies in which enhanced Hg2+ were measured for cement and iron & steel plants. Inconsistent information of big power and industrial plants is the main source of differences in spatial distribution of emissions between the provincial and other inventories, particularly in southern and northwestern Jiangsu where intensive coal combustion and industry are located. Quantified with Monte-Carlo simulation, uncertainties of provincial Hg emissions are smaller than those of NJU national inventory, resulting mainly from the more accurate activity data of individual plants and the reduced uncertainties of HgC in coals/raw materials.

scholarly journals Corporate R&D intensity decomposition: different data, different results?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pietro Moncada-Paternò-Castello ◽  
Sara Amoroso ◽  
Michele Cincera
Keyword(s):  
Research And Development ◽  
Analytical Methods ◽  
Innovation Policy ◽  
International Comparisons ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Data Sources ◽  
Empirical Results ◽  
Research And Innovation ◽  
Research And Innovation Policy ◽  
First Time

Abstract Research and Development (R&D) indicators are used to facilitate international comparisons and as targets for research and innovation policy. An example of such an indicator is R&D intensity. The decomposition of the aggregate corporate R&D intensity is able to explain the differences in R&D intensity between countries by determining whether is the result of firms’ underinvestment in R&D or of the differences across sectors. Despite its importance, the literature of corporate R&D intensity decomposition has been developed only recently. This article reviews for the first time the different methodological frameworks of corporate R&D intensity decomposition and how they are used in practice, shedding light on why sometimes empirical results seem to be contradictory. It inspects how the use of different data sources and analytical methods affect R&D intensity decomposition results, and what the analytical and policy implications are. The article also provides methodological and analytical guidance to analysts and policymakers.

scholarly journals Business Intelligence Infrastructure for Academic Libraries

2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joe Zucca
Keyword(s):  
Business Intelligence ◽  
Resource Sharing ◽  
User Behavior ◽  
Quantitative Information ◽  
Data Sources ◽  
Activity Data ◽  
Extensible Markup ◽  
Binary Object ◽  
The University ◽  
Transactional Data

Objective – To describe the rationale for and development of MetriDoc, an information technology infrastructure that facilitates the collection, transport, and use of library activity data. Methods – With the help of the Institute for Museum and Library Services, the University of Pennsylvania Libraries have been working on creating a decision support system for library activity data. MetriDoc is a means of “lighting up” an array of data sources to build a comprehensive repository of quantitative information about services and user behavior. A data source can be a database, text file, Extensible Markup Language (XML), or any binary object that contains data and has business value. MetriDoc provides simple tools to extract useful information from various data sources; transform, resolve, and consolidate that data; and finally store them in a repository. Results – The Penn Libraries completed five reference projects to prove basic concepts of the MetriDoc framework and make available a set of applications that other institutions could test in a deployment of the MetriDoc core. These reference projects are written as configurable plugins to the core framework and can be used to parse and store EZ-Proxy log data, COUNTER data, interlibrary loan transactional data from ILLIAD, fund expenditure data from the Voyager integrated library system, and transactional data from the Relais platform, which supports the BorrowDirect and EZBorrow resource sharing consortiums. The MetriDoc framework is currently undergoing test implementations at the University of Chicago and North Carolina State University, and the Kuali-OLE project is actively considering it as the basis of an analytics module. Conclusion – If libraries decide that a business intelligence infrastructure is strategically important, deep collaboration will be essential to progress, given the costs and complexity of the challenge.

scholarly journals Health Promotion for Childhood Obesity: An Approach Based on Self-Tracking of Data

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (13) ◽  
pp. 3778
Author(s):  
Nazaret Gómez-del-Río ◽  
Carina S. González-González ◽  
Pedro A. Toledo-Delgado ◽  
Vanesa Muñoz-Cruz ◽  
Francisco García-Peñalvo
Keyword(s):  
Health Promotion ◽  
Global Health ◽  
Data Sources ◽  
Positive Outcomes ◽  
Quantified Self ◽  
Health Habits ◽  
Activity Data ◽  
Healthy Habits ◽  
Obesity And Overweight ◽  
User Motivation

At present, obesity and overweight are a global health epidemic. Traditional interventions for promoting healthy habits do not appear to be effective. However, emerging technological solutions based on wearables and mobile devices can be useful in promoting healthy habits. These applications generate a considerable amount of tracked activity data. Consequently, our approach is based on the quantified-self model for recommending healthy activities. Gamification can also be used as a mechanism to enhance personalization, increasing user motivation. This paper describes the quantified-self model and its data sources, the activity recommender system, and the PROVITAO App user experience model. Furthermore, it presents the results of a gamified program applied for three years in children with obesity and the process of evaluating the quantified-self model with experts. Positive outcomes were obtained in children’s medical parameters and health habits.

Victimization and revictimization

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Walklate ◽  
Jody Clay-Warner
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Sexual Assault ◽  
Data Sources ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
Policy Interventions ◽  
Key Points ◽  
International Data ◽  
Justice Process ◽  
Criminal Justice Process ◽  
Assault Victims

Central to understanding the experiences of sexual assault victims is the phenomenon of revictimization, in which victims feel victimized not only from the assault but also from their experiences of the criminal justice process. This essay discusses the nature and extent of victimization as a result of sexual assault from national and international data sources. It considers the key points at which such victims experience revictimization from their contact with the criminal justice process. It analyses the success of policy interventions designed to have an impact on those experiences. Underpinning this analysis is the concept of gender. The authors demonstrate the extent to which gendered assumptions embedded in policy and practice still frame the experiences of sexual assault victims.

scholarly journals Information about Russian Research Organizations in Multilingual Data Sources

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 756-769
Author(s):  
Зинаида Владимировна Апанович
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Data Sources ◽  
Knowledge Graph ◽  
Intermediate Step ◽  
Research Organizations ◽  
Language Data ◽  
International Data ◽  
Multilingual Data ◽  
Russian Research

International and Russian-language data sources that provide information about Russian research-related organizations are considered. It is demonstrated that Russian-language data sources contain more information about Russian research-related organizations than most international data sources, but this information remains unavailable for English-language data sources. Experiments on comparison and integration of information about Russian research organizations in international and Russian data sources are outlined. Data sources such as GRID, Russian and English chapters of Wikipedia, Wikidata and eLIBRARY.ru are considered. The work is an intermediate step towards the creation of an open and extensible knowledge graph.

Lying and Neuroscience

2018 ◽  
pp. 455-468
Author(s):  
Giorgio Ganis
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Neuroscience ◽  
Deception Detection ◽  
General Purpose ◽  
Neural Activation ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Key Features ◽  
Theoretical Question

This chapter provides an overview of the literature on the cognitive neuroscience of deception and deception-detection. First, the two main classes of deception paradigms are briefly introduced and some of their key features are discussed. Next, key results of electrophysiological and neuroimaging studies are summarized and the main findings reviewed, in terms of both theoretical implications and potential applications. The key theoretical question about whether the patterns of neural activation found in these neuroimaging studies reflect deception-specific processes or, conversely, general-purpose processes, is discussed in detail within the context of reverse inferences in cognitive neuroscience.

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