C-myc expression in adrenocortical tumours

2017 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirkka Pennanen ◽  
Jaana Hagström ◽  
Ilkka Heiskanen ◽  
Timo Sane ◽  
Harri Mustonen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cyclin D1 ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Cyclin E ◽  
Histopathological Diagnosis ◽  
Beta Catenin ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Clinical Issue ◽  
Adrenocortical Tumours ◽  
Resolution Imaging ◽  
Related Proteins

AimsWidespread use of high-resolution imaging techniques and thus increased prevalence of adrenal lesions has made diagnostics of adrenocortical tumours an increasingly important clinical issue. In non-metastatic tumours, diagnosis is based on histology. New or enhanced information for clinicopathological diagnosis, revealing the malignant potential of the tumour, could emerge by means of biomarkers. The connection of proto-oncogene c-myc to adrenocortical neoplasias is poorly known, although the Wnt/beta-catenin pathway, one of the signalling pathways leading to induction of c-myc expression, has been connected to development of adrenocortical neoplasias. We studied c-myc expression in adrenocortical tumours and investigated molecules associated with the signalling pathway of c-myc, including cell cycle-related proteins p27, cyclin E and cyclin D1.MethodsWe studied 195 consecutive adult patients with 197 primary adrenocortical tumours. Histopathological diagnosis was determined by Weiss score and the novel Helsinki score. C-myc, cyclin D1, cyclin E and p27 expressions were determined by immunohistochemistry.ResultsBenign adenomas showed prominent nuclear c-myc expression comparable to that of normal adrenocortical cells, whereas carcinomas showed increased cytoplasmic expression. Strong cytoplasmic and weak nuclear c-myc expressions associated with malignancy and adverse outcome. C-myc staining did not correlate with cyclin E. Cyclin D1 correlated with cytoplasmic c-myc expression and to a lesser extent with nuclear c-myc. P27 correlated with cytoplasmic c-myc, but not with nuclear c-myc. P27 correlated with cyclin E.ConclusionsStrong cytoplasmic c-myc expression and weak nuclear expression in adrenocortical tumours associated with malignancy and shorter survival.

Roles of store-operated Ca2+ channels in regulating cell cycling and migration of human cardiac c-kit+ progenitor cells

2015 ◽  
Vol 309 (10) ◽  
pp. H1772-H1781 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Che ◽  
Gang Li ◽  
Hai-Ying Sun ◽  
Guo-Sheng Xiao ◽  
Yan Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Cyclin D1 ◽  
Progenitor Cells ◽  
Cyclin E ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Myocardial Repair ◽  
Cell Proliferation And Migration ◽  
Cell Cycling ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Proliferation And Migration

Cardiac c-kit+ progenitor cells are important for maintaining cardiac homeostasis and can potentially contribute to myocardial repair. However, cellular physiology of human cardiac c-kit+ progenitor cells is not well understood. The present study investigates the functional store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE) channels and the potential role in regulating cell cycling and migration using confocal microscopy, RT-PCR, Western blot, coimmunoprecipitation, cell proliferation, and migration assays. We found that SOCE channels mediated Ca2+ influx, and TRPC1, STIM1, and Orai1 were involved in the formation of SOCE channels in human cardiac c-kit+ progenitor cells. Silencing TRPC1, STIM1, or Orai1 with the corresponding siRNA significantly reduced the Ca2+ signaling through SOCE channels, decreased cell proliferation and migration, and reduced expression of cyclin D1, cyclin E, and/or p-Akt. Our results demonstrate the novel information that Ca2+ signaling through SOCE channels regulates cell cycling and migration via activating cyclin D1, cyclin E, and/or p-Akt in human cardiac c-kit+ cells.

SEM/FESEM imaging of lamellar structures in melt extruded polyethylene films

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 1142-1143
Author(s):  
R.T. Chen ◽  
M.G. Jamieson ◽  
R. Callahan
Keyword(s):  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Membrane Surface ◽  
High Stress ◽  
Extrusion Direction ◽  
Polymeric Membranes ◽  
Scanning Tunneling ◽  
Tunneling Microscopy ◽  
Crystalline Polymers ◽  
Lamellar Structures ◽  
Resolution Imaging

“Row lamellar” structures have previously been observed when highly crystalline polymers are melt-extruded and recrystallized under high stress. With annealing to perfect the stacked lamellar superstructure and subsequent stretching in the machine (extrusion) direction, slit-like micropores form between the stacked lamellae. This process has been adopted to produce polymeric membranes on a commercial scale with controlled microporous structures. In order to produce the desired pore morphology, row lamellar structures must be established in the membrane precursors, i.e., as-extruded and annealed polymer films or hollow fibers. Due to the lack of pronounced surface topography, the lamellar structures have typically been investigated by replica-TEM, an indirect and time consuming procedure. Recently, with the availability of high resolution imaging techniques such as scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), the microporous structures on the membrane surface as well as lamellar structures in the precursors can be directly examined.The materials investigated are Celgard® polyethylene (PE) flat sheet membranes and their film precursors, both as-extruded and annealed, made at different extrusion rates (E.R.).

scholarly journals 3D super-resolved imaging in live cells using sub-diffractive plasmonic localization of hybrid nanopillar arrays

Nanophotonics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 2847-2859
Author(s):  
Soojung Kim ◽  
Hyerin Song ◽  
Heesang Ahn ◽  
Seung Won Jun ◽  
Seungchul Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Optical Loss ◽  
Super Resolution ◽  
Living Cells ◽  
Live Cells ◽  
Complex Biological System ◽  
Observation Volume ◽  
Resolution Imaging ◽  
Nanopillar Arrays

AbstractAnalysing dynamics of a single biomolecule using high-resolution imaging techniques has been had significant attentions to understand complex biological system. Among the many approaches, vertical nanopillar arrays in contact with the inside of cells have been reported as a one of useful imaging applications since an observation volume can be confined down to few-tens nanometre theoretically. However, the nanopillars experimentally are not able to obtain super-resolution imaging because their evanescent waves generate a high optical loss and a low signal-to-noise ratio. Also, conventional nanopillars have a limitation to yield 3D information because they do not concern field localization in z-axis. Here, we developed novel hybrid nanopillar arrays (HNPs) that consist of SiO2 nanopillars terminated with gold nanodisks, allowing extreme light localization. The electromagnetic field profiles of HNPs are obtained through simulations and imaging resolution of cell membrane and biomolecules in living cells are tested using one-photon and 3D multiphoton fluorescence microscopy, respectively. Consequently, HNPs present approximately 25 times enhanced intensity compared to controls and obtained an axial and lateral resolution of 110 and 210 nm of the intensities of fluorophores conjugated with biomolecules transported in living cells. These structures can be a great platform to analyse complex intracellular environment.

scholarly journals Radiomics: a new tool to differentiate adrenocortical adenoma from carcinoma

BJS Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
F Torresan ◽  
F Crimì ◽  
F Ceccato ◽  
F Zavan ◽  
M Barbot ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Learning Approach ◽  
Adrenocortical Adenoma ◽  
Unsupervised Machine Learning ◽  
First Order ◽  
Main Challenge ◽  
Machine Learning Approach ◽  
Adrenocortical Tumours

Abstract Background The main challenge in the management of indeterminate incidentally discovered adrenal tumours is to differentiate benign from malignant lesions. In the absence of clear signs of invasion or metastases, imaging techniques do not always precisely define the nature of the mass. The present pilot study aimed to determine whether radiomics may predict malignancy in adrenocortical tumours. Methods CT images in unenhanced, arterial, and venous phases from 19 patients who had undergone resection of adrenocortical tumours and a cohort who had undergone surveillance for at least 5 years for incidentalomas were reviewed. A volume of interest was drawn for each lesion using dedicated software, and, for each phase, first-order (histogram) and second-order (grey-level colour matrix and run-length matrix) radiological features were extracted. Data were revised by an unsupervised machine learning approach using the K-means clustering technique. Results Of operated patients, nine had non-functional adenoma and 10 carcinoma. There were 11 patients in the surveillance group. Two first-order features in unenhanced CT and one in arterial CT, and 14 second-order parameters in unenhanced and venous CT and 10 second-order features in arterial CT, were able to differentiate adrenocortical carcinoma from adenoma (P < 0.050). After excluding two malignant outliers, the unsupervised machine learning approach correctly predicted malignancy in seven of eight adrenocortical carcinomas in all phases. Conclusion Radiomics with CT texture analysis was able to discriminate malignant from benign adrenocortical tumours, even by an unsupervised machine learning approach, in nearly all patients.

scholarly journals Effects of bicarbonate/lactate-buffered neutral peritoneal dialysis fluids on angiogenesis-related proteins in patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiromichi Ueno ◽  
Tetsu Miyamoto ◽  
Hiroyuki Morimoto ◽  
Kenya Sanada ◽  
Ikutaro Furuno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Antibody Array ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Term Delivery ◽  
Cxc Chemokine ◽  
Related Proteins ◽  
Chemokine Family ◽  
Dialysis Fluids

Abstract Background In order to facilitate the safe and long-term delivery of peritoneal dialysis (PD), it is necessary to improve the biocompatibility of peritoneal dialysis fluids (PDFs). The novel bicarbonate/lactate-buffered neutral PDFs (B/L-PDFs) are expected to be improved biocompatible. This study evaluated the biocompatibility of B/L-PDFs by analysis on the profile of angiogenesis-related proteins in drained dialysate of patients undergoing PD. Methods Concentrations of 20 angiogenesis-related proteins in the dialysate were semi-quantitatively determined using a RayBio® Human Angiogenesis Antibody Array and were compared between B/L-PDFs and conventional lactate-buffered neutral PDFs (L-PDFs). Results The expression of growth-related oncogene (GRO α/β/γ), which belongs to the CXC chemokine family, decreased significantly after use of the B/L-PDFs compared to the L-PDFs (P = 0.03). The number of the proteins with lower level in the B/L-PDFs compared with L-PDFs was significantly negatively correlated with the PD duration (Spearman ρ = − 0.81, P = 0.004). Conclusion This study suggested that B/L-PDFs are more biocompatible than conventional PDFs.

Altered adipokines in obese adolescents: A cross-sectional and longitudinal analysis across the spectrum of glycemia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Risa M Wolf ◽  
Andrew E Jaffe ◽  
Susana Rodriguez ◽  
Xia Lei ◽  
Dylan C. Sarver ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Obese Adolescents ◽  
Obese Youth ◽  
Glucose Tolerance Tests ◽  
Inflammatory Milieu ◽  
Related Proteins

Obesity and type 2 diabetes is rapidly increasing in the adolescent population. We sought to determine whether adipokines, specifically leptin, C1q/TNF-related proteins 1 (CTRP1) and CTRP9, and the hepatokine fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF-21), are associated with obesity and insulin resistance in a cohort of lean and obese adolescents, across the spectrum of glycemia. In an observational, longitudinal study of lean and obese adolescents, we measured fasting labs, oral glucose tolerance tests, and adipokines including: Leptin, CTRP1, CTRP9, and FGF-21. Participants completed baseline and 2-year follow-up study visits, and were categorized as lean (n=30), obese normoglycemic (ONG) (n=61), and obese hyperglycemic (OHG) (n=31) adolescents at baseline, and lean (n=8), ONG (n=18), and OHG (n=4) at follow-up. Results showed that at baseline, leptin was higher in all obese groups (p<0.001) compared to LC. FGF-21 was higher in OHG participants compared to LC (p<0.001) and ONG (p<0.001), and positively associated with fasting glucose (p<0.001), fasting insulin (p<0.001), HOMA-IR (p<0.001), and HbA1c (p=0.01). CTRP1 was higher in OHG compared to ONG (p=0.03). CTRP9 was not associated with obesity or hyperglycemia in this pediatric cohort. At 2 years, leptin decreased in ONG (p=0.003) and FGF21 increased in OHG (p=0.02), relative to lean controls. Altered adipokine levels are associated with the inflammatory milieu in obese youth with and without hyperglycemia. In adolescence, the novel adipokine CTRP1 was elevated with hyperglycemia, while CTRP9 was unchanged in this cohort.

Expression of non-membranous beta-catenin and gamma-catenin, c-Myc and cyclin D1 in relation to patient outcome in human colon adenocarcinomas

Apmis ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 112 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
JOHAN BONDI ◽  
GEIR BUKHOLM ◽  
JAHN M. NESLAND ◽  
IDA R. K. BUKHOLM
Keyword(s):  
Patient Outcome ◽  
Cyclin D1 ◽  
Human Colon ◽  
Beta Catenin

scholarly journals The novel transcriptional co-repressor ashwin modulates beta-catenin dependent transcription during early Xenopus development

2008 ◽  
Vol 319 (2) ◽  
pp. 568-569
Author(s):  
Chih-Hong Lou ◽  
Tara B. Alexander ◽  
Michelle C. Barton ◽  
Yu-Hsin Chu ◽  
Amy K. Sater
Keyword(s):  
Beta Catenin ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Xenopus Development

Super-Resolution Imaging in Fluid Mechanics Using New Illumination Approaches

2020 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 369-393
Author(s):  
Minami Yoda
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Mechanics ◽  
Total Internal Reflection ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Super Resolution ◽  
Internal Reflection ◽  
Interfacial Flows ◽  
Structured Illumination ◽  
Structured Illumination Microscopy ◽  
Entire Volume ◽  
Resolution Imaging

Quantifying submillimeter flows using optical diagnostic techniques is often limited by a lack of spatial resolution and optical access. This review discusses two super-resolution imaging techniques, structured illumination microscopy and total internal reflection fluorescence or microscopy, which can visualize bulk and interfacial flows, respectively, at spatial resolutions below the classic diffraction limits. First, we discuss the theory and applications of structured illumination for optical sectioning, i.e., imaging a thin slice of a flow illuminated over its entire volume. Structured illumination can be used to visualize the interior of multiphase flows such as sprays by greatly reducing secondary scattering. Second, the theory underlying evanescent waves is introduced, followed by a review of how total internal reflection microscopy has been used to visualize interfacial flows over the last 15 years. Both techniques, which are starting to be used in fluid mechanics, could significantly improve quantitative imaging of microscale and macroscale flows.

scholarly journals Fluorescence imaging with tailored light

Nanophotonics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 2111-2128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jialei Tang ◽  
Jinhan Ren ◽  
Kyu Young Han
Keyword(s):  
Fluorescence Imaging ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Super Resolution ◽  
Optical Parameters ◽  
Propagation Angle ◽  
Resolution Imaging ◽  
Time Observation ◽  
Living Organisms ◽  
Real Time Observation

AbstractFluorescence microscopy has long been a valuable tool for biological and medical imaging. Control of optical parameters such as the amplitude, phase, polarization, and propagation angle of light gives fluorescence imaging great capabilities ranging from super-resolution imaging to long-term real-time observation of living organisms. In this review, we discuss current fluorescence imaging techniques in terms of the use of tailored or structured light for the sample illumination and fluorescence detection, providing a clear overview of their working principles and capabilities.

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