Metabolomic differences in lung function metrics: evidence from two cohorts

RationaleThe biochemical mechanisms underlying lung function are incompletely understood.ObjectivesTo identify and validate the plasma metabolome of lung function using two independent adult cohorts: discovery—the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer–Norfolk (EPIC-Norfolk, n=10 460) and validation—the VA Normative Aging Study (NAS) metabolomic cohort (n=437).MethodsWe ran linear regression models for 693 metabolites to identify associations with forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) and the ratio of FEV1 to forced vital capacity (FEV1/FVC), in EPIC-Norfolk then validated significant findings in NAS. Significance in EPIC-Norfolk was denoted using an effective number of tests threshold of 95%; a metabolite was considered validated in NAS if the direction of effect was consistent and p<0.05.Measurements and main resultsOf 156 metabolites that associated with FEV1 in EPIC-Norfolk after adjustment for age, sex, body mass index, height, smoking and asthma status, 34 (21.8%) validated in NAS, including several metabolites involved in oxidative stress. When restricting the discovery sample to men only, a similar percentage, 18 of 79 significant metabolites (22.8%) were validated. A smaller number of metabolites were validated for FEV1/FVC, 6 of 65 (9.2%) when including all EPIC-Norfolk as the discovery population, and 2 of 34 (5.9%) when restricting to men. These metabolites were characterised by involvement in respiratory track secretants. Interestingly, no metabolites were validated for both FEV1 and FEV1/FVC.ConclusionsThe validation of metabolites associated with respiratory function can help to better understand mechanisms of lung health and may assist the development of biomarkers.

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Household Food Insecurity, Lung Function, and COPD in US Adults

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu13062098 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (6) ◽

pp. 2098

Author(s):

Francisca de Castro Mendes ◽

Kirstie Ducharme-Smith ◽

Gustavo Mora-Garcia ◽

Saleh A. Alqahtani ◽

Maria Stephany Ruiz-Diaz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lung Function ◽

Food Insecurity ◽

Representative Sample ◽

Airflow Obstruction ◽

Forced Expiratory Volume ◽

Chronic Obstructive ◽

Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽

The Us ◽

Nationally Representative ◽

Lung Health

Increasing epidemiological evidence suggests that optimal diet quality helps to improve preservation of lung function and to reduce chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) risk, but no study has investigated the association of food insecurity (FI) and lung health in the general population. Using data from a representative sample of US adults who participated in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2007–2012 cycles, we investigated the association between FI with lung function and spirometrically defined COPD in 12,469 individuals aged ≥ 18 years of age. FI (high vs. low) was defined using the US Department of Agriculture’s Food Security Scale). Population-weighted adjusted regression models were used to investigate associations between FI, and forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC), their ratio, and spirometrically defined restriction (FVC below the lower limit of normal) and airflow obstruction (COPD). The prevalence of household FI was 13.2%. High household FI was associated with lower FVC (adjusted β-coefficient −70.9 mL, 95% CI −116.6, −25.3), and with higher odds (OR) of spirometric restriction (1.02, 95% CI 1.00, 1.03). Stratified analyses showed similar effect sizes within specific ethnic groups. High FI was associated with worse lung health in a nationally representative sample of adults in the US.

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Lung function decline is associated with serum uric acid in Korean health screening individuals

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-89678-3 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Kyung-Min Ahn ◽

Suh-Young Lee ◽

So-Hee Lee ◽

Sun-Sin Kim ◽

Heung-Woo Park

Keyword(s):

Uric Acid ◽

Lung Function ◽

Serum Uric Acid ◽

Uric Acid Level ◽

Acid Level ◽

Serum Uric Acid Level ◽

Forced Expiratory Volume ◽

Linear Regression Models ◽

Lung Function Decline ◽

Health Screenings

AbstractWe performed a retrospective cohort study of 19,237 individuals who underwent at least three health screenings with follow-up periods of over 5 years to find a routinely checked serum marker that predicts lung function decline. Using linear regression models to analyze associations between the rate of decline in the forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) and the level of 10 serum markers (calcium, phosphorus, uric acid, total cholesterol, total protein, total bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase, aspartate aminotransferase, creatinine, and C-reactive protein) measured at two different times (at the first and third health screenings), we found that an increased uric acid level was significantly associated with an accelerated FEV1 decline (P = 0.0014 and P = 0.037, respectively) and reduced FEV1 predicted % (P = 0.0074 and P = 8.64 × 10–7, respectively) at both visits only in non-smoking individuals. In addition, we confirmed that accelerated forced vital capacity (FVC) and FEV1/FVC ratio declines were observed in non-smoking individuals with increased serum uric acid levels using linear mixed models. The serum uric acid level thus potentially predicts an acceleration in lung function decline in a non-smoking general population.

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Radiographic pulmonary vessel volume, lung function and airways disease in the Framingham Heart Study

European Respiratory Journal ◽

10.1183/13993003.00408-2019 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 54 (3) ◽

pp. 1900408 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Andrew J. Synn ◽

Wenyuan Li ◽

Raúl San José Estépar ◽

Chunyi Zhang ◽

George R. Washko ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lung Function ◽

Framingham Heart Study ◽

Airflow Obstruction ◽

Logistic Models ◽

Forced Expiratory Volume ◽

Small Vessel ◽

Quantitative Ct ◽

Pulmonary Vessel ◽

Heart Study ◽

Lung Health

Radiographic abnormalities of the pulmonary vessels, such as vascular pruning, are common in advanced airways disease, but it is unknown if pulmonary vascular volumes are related to measures of lung health and airways disease in healthier populations.In 2388 participants of the Framingham Heart Study computed tomography (CT) sub-study, we calculated total vessel volumes and the small vessel fraction using automated CT image analysis. We evaluated associations with measures of lung function, airflow obstruction on spirometry and emphysema on CT. We further tested if associations of vascular volumes with lung function were present among those with normal forced expiratory volume in 1 s and forced vital capacity.In fully adjusted linear and logistic models, we found that lower total and small vessel volumes were consistently associated with worse measures of lung health, including lower spirometric volumes, lower diffusing capacity and/or higher odds of airflow obstruction. For example, each standard deviation lower small vessel fraction (indicating more severe pruning) was associated with a 37% greater odds of obstruction (OR 1.37, 95% CI 1.11–1.71, p=0.004). A similar pattern was observed in the subset of participants with normal spirometry.Lower total and small vessel pulmonary vascular volumes were associated with poorer measures of lung health and/or greater odds of airflow obstruction in this cohort of generally healthy adults without high burdens of smoking or airways disease. Our findings suggest that quantitative CT assessment may detect subtle pulmonary vasculopathy that occurs in the setting of subclinical and early pulmonary and airways pathology.

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Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels and lung function in adults with asthma: the HUNT Study

European Respiratory Journal ◽

10.1183/09031936.00069714 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 45 (4) ◽

pp. 1019-1026 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Tricia L. Larose ◽

Arnulf Langhammer ◽

Yue Chen ◽

Carlos A. Camargo ◽

Pål Romundstad ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Allergic Rhinitis ◽

Lung Function ◽

Vital Capacity ◽

Forced Expiratory Volume ◽

Health Study ◽

Linear Regression Models ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Hydroxyvitamin D ◽

25 Hydroxyvitamin D ◽

Hunt Study

The association between vitamin D status and lung function in adults with asthma remains unclear.We studied this cross-sectional association and possible modification by sex and allergic rhinitis in 760 adults (aged 19–55 years) with self-reported asthma in the Nord-Trøndelag Health Study. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) level <50 nmol·L−1was considered deficient. Lung function measurements included forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) % predicted, forced vital capacity (FVC) % predicted and FEV1/FVC ratio. Multiple linear regression models were used to estimate adjusted regression coefficients (β) and 95% confidence intervals.44% of asthma adults had serum 25(OH)D levels <50 nmol·L−1. Its associations with lung function measures seemed to be modified by sex and allergic rhinitis (p<0.03 for three-way interaction term). Overall, a serum 25(OH)D level <50 nmol·L−1was not associated with lung function measurements in subjects with allergic rhinitis in this asthma cohort. In men with asthma but without allergic rhinitis, however, a serum 25(OH)D level <50 nmol·L−1was significantly associated with lower FEV1/FVC ratio (β=−8.60%; 95% CI: −16.95%– −0.25%).Low serum 25(OH)D level was not associated with airway obstruction in most asthma adults with the exception of men with asthma but without allergic rhinitis.

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Lung function: population epidemiology and concordance in Australian children aged 11–12 years and their parents

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2018-023486 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (Suppl 3) ◽

pp. 53-62 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Liam Welsh ◽

Gayan Kathriachchige ◽

Tahmeed Raheem ◽

Anneke C Grobler ◽

Melissa Wake ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lung Function ◽

Population Sample ◽

Correlation Coefficients ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Forced Expiratory Volume ◽

International Standards ◽

Linear Regression Models ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Parents And Children ◽

Z Scores

ObjectivesTo describe the epidemiology of lung function in Australian children aged 11–12 years and their parents, and explore the degree of intergenerational concordance.DesignCross-sectional study (the Child Health CheckPoint) nested in the Longitudinal Study of Australian Children (LSAC).SettingAssessment centres in seven Australian cities and eight regional towns, February 2015 to March 2016. Families unable to attend a clinic appointment were offered a home visit during the same period.Participants1874 families (53% of all eligible) participated in the study. Lung function data were available for 1759 children aged 11–12 years and 1774 parents (1668 biological pairs).Outcome measuresParticipants completed spirometry with measures including forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC) and mid expiratory flow (MEF), converted to z-scores using Global Lung Initiative equations. Parent–child concordance was assessed using Pearson’s correlation coefficients and multivariable linear regression models. Survey weights and methods accounted for LSAC’s complex sampling, stratification and clustering within postcodes.ResultsAll lung function measures followed approximately normal distributions. Mean (SD) for FEV1, FVC and MEF z-scores in children were 0.33 (1.07), 0.83 (1.14) and −0.48 (1.09), respectively. Mean (SD) in parents were 0.28 (1.10), 0.85 (1.15) and −0.45 (1.10), respectively. Parent FEV1, FVC and MEF were associated with child lung function with significant positive correlation coefficients (0.22, 95% CI 0.17 to 0.26; 0.24, 95% CI 0.20 to 0.29; and 0.24, 95% CI 0.20 to 0.29, respectively).ConclusionsMean lung volumes were larger but with smaller airway size than international standards for both parents and children in this population sample. Modest associations between parent and child lung function highlight the potential for better identification of ‘at risk’ populations. Therefore, these findings may aid the development of health policy that aims to prevent the onset or limit the progression of lung disease.

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Skin test reactivity to common aeroallergens and decline of lung function. The Normative Aging Study.

American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine ◽

10.1164/ajrccm.153.2.8564098 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 153 (2) ◽

pp. 561-566 ◽

Cited By ~ 48

Author(s):

D J Gottlieb ◽

D Sparrow ◽

G T O'Connor ◽

S T Weiss

Keyword(s):

Lung Function ◽

Skin Test ◽

Skin Test Reactivity ◽

Normative Aging Study ◽

Aging Study ◽

Normative Aging

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Serum interferon-γ is associated with longitudinal decline in lung function among asthmatic patients: the Normative Aging Study

Annals of Allergy Asthma & Immunology ◽

10.1016/s1081-1206(10)61827-3 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 90 (4) ◽

pp. 422-428 ◽

Cited By ~ 35

Author(s):

Augusto A. Litonjua ◽

David Sparrow ◽

Lucille Guevarra ◽

George T. O'Connor ◽

Scott T. Weiss ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lung Function ◽

Interferon Γ ◽

Asthmatic Patients ◽

Normative Aging Study ◽

Aging Study ◽

Normative Aging

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Biomarkers of aging and lung function in the normative aging study

Aging ◽

10.18632/aging.103363 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (12) ◽

pp. 11942-11966 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Cuicui Wang ◽

Allan Just ◽

Jonathan Heiss ◽

Brent A. Coull ◽

Lifang Hou ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lung Function ◽

Biomarkers Of Aging ◽

Normative Aging Study ◽

Aging Study ◽

Normative Aging

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Cohort profile: The Chikwawa lung health cohort; a population-based observational non-communicable respiratory disease study of adults in Malawi

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0242226 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 15 (11) ◽

pp. e0242226

Author(s):

Martin W. Njoroge ◽

Sarah Rylance ◽

Rebecca Nightingale ◽

Stephen Gordon ◽

Kevin Mortimer ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lung Function ◽

Low Income ◽

Respiratory Symptoms ◽

Airflow Obstruction ◽

Population Based ◽

Forced Expiratory Volume ◽

Sub Saharan Africa ◽

Rural Setting ◽

Lung Health

Purpose The aim of this article is to provide a detailed description of the Chikwawa lung health cohort which was established in rural Malawi to prospectively determine the prevalence and causes of lung disease amongst the general population of adults living in a low-income rural setting in Sub-Saharan Africa. Participants A total of 1481 participants were randomly identified and recruited in 2014 for the baseline study. We collected data on demographic, socio-economic status, respiratory symptoms and potentially relevant exposures such as smoking, household fuels, environmental exposures, occupational history/exposures, dietary intake, healthcare utilization, cost (medication, outpatient visits and inpatient admissions) and productivity losses. Spirometry was performed to assess lung function. At baseline, 56.9% of the participants were female, mean age was 43.8 (SD:17.8) and mean body mass index (BMI) was 21.6 Kg/m2 (SD: 3.46) Findings to date The cohort has reported the prevalence of chronic respiratory symptoms (13.6%, 95% confidence interval [CI], 11.9–15.4), spirometric obstruction (8.7%, 95% CI, 7.0–10.7), and spirometric restriction (34.8%, 95% CI, 31.7–38.0). Additionally, an annual decline in forced expiratory volume in one second [FEV1] of 30.9mL/year (95% CI: 21.6 to 40.1) and forced vital capacity [FVC] by 38.3 mL/year (95% CI: 28.5 to 48.1) has been reported. Future plans The ongoing phases of follow-up will determine the annual rate of decline in lung function as measured through spirometry and the development of airflow obstruction and restriction, and relate these to morbidity, mortality and economic cost of airflow obstruction and restriction. Population-based mathematical models will be developed driven by the empirical data from the cohort and national population data for Malawi to assess the effects of interventions and programmes to address the lung burden in Malawi. The present follow-up study started in 2019.

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