scholarly journals Are different benthic communities in Arctic delta lakes distinguishable along a hydrological connectivity gradient using a rapid bioassessment approach?

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 463-487
Author(s):  
Ryan W. Scott ◽  
Suzanne E. Tank ◽  
Xiaowa Wang ◽  
Roberto Quinlan
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Benthic Communities ◽  
Mackenzie Delta ◽  
Benthic Assemblages ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Rapid Bioassessment ◽  
The Family ◽  
Productivity Gradients ◽  
To Come ◽  
Potential Use

Aquatic habitats in the Canadian Arctic are expected to come under increasing stress due to projected effects of climate change. There is a need for community-based biomonitoring programs to observe and understand the effects of these stressors on the environment. Here we present results from a 5 year annual sampling program of benthic invertebrates from lakes in the Mackenzie Delta, Northwest Territories, using a rapid bioassessment protocol. Connectivity between the deltaic lakes and main channels is a major driver of lake function and is expected to be substantially impacted by climate change. Lakes were selected along a gradient of connectivity based on sill elevation above the river. Using multivariate analyses of community structure, we determined that benthic assemblages responded to differences in connection time among lakes. This response was detected using a coarse taxonomic level that could be applied by community groups or volunteers but was stronger when invertebrates were identified to the family and genus levels. A secondary gradient was observed that corresponded to productivity gradients in lakes that are isolated from the river during summer. We show that benthic assemblages have potential use as sensitive indicators of climate-mediated changes to the hydrology of lakes in the Mackenzie Delta.

Macrobenthic community response to long-term climate change in the Adriatic Sea (Italy)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniele Scarponi ◽  
Michele Azzarone ◽  
Rafal Nawrot ◽  
Michal Kowalewski
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Climate Changes ◽  
Benthic Communities ◽  
Community Response ◽  
Last Interglacial ◽  
Benthic Assemblages ◽  
Northern Adriatic ◽  
Future Global Warming ◽  
Near Future

<p>The ecological consequences of climate change on marine ecosystems remains poorly understood, particularly for ecological communities that reside in enclosed basins, which limit marine species in their ability to migrate. Here we use assemblages of late Quaternary fossils mollusks preserved in nearshore sediments to explore how nearshore marine benthic communities responded to past climate changes in the northern Adriatic.   We focus on three time periods: (1) the last interglacial (<125ka BP), when regional temperatures were higher than today, representing a possible analogue for the near-future global warming; (2) the last late glacial 14.5-18.0 ka BP; and (3) the mid-Holocene 6.0-1.0 ka BP, when conditions were similar to today but with a minimal human impact. Temporal dynamics of benthic communities was assessed by applying multivariate and resampling approaches to abundance data for core-derived samples of fossil mollusks. Results demonstrate that the penultimate interglacial benthic assemblages shifted to a new community state during the subsequent glacial period. The shift represented a decline in abundance of exclusively Mediterranean nearshore species and a concurrent increase in abundance of nearshore species of cosmopolitan and boreal affinity. This shift was, most likely, driven by global climate cooling. Following this major community restructuring, the local nearshore communities had reversed back to their previous state during the mid-Holocene, when interglacial climate conditions were fully reestablished again. We conclude that the nearshore community responded to long-term climate changes by displaying a resilient (rather than persistent or stochastic) behavior, with Holocene biota reversing back to the pre-existing interglacial state. However, regional pollution, trawling and the threat of spreading invasive species are already taking their toll and the present-day communities are shifting to a novel, historical unprecedented community state. Nonetheless, our findings indicate that if local and regional threats can be mitigated, the coastal marine communities of the northern Adriatic would be resilient against limited climate warming in the near future.</p>

scholarly journals Revitalising Embodied Community Knowledges as Leverage for Climate Change Engagement

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Donkers
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Public Attention ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Local Participation ◽  
Engagement Strategies ◽  
Body Of Knowledge ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
To Come ◽  
Changing Attitudes

Abstract Scientists inform us that the industrialised epoch has caused climate breakdown and ecological collapse that threaten human survival. These facts impose a sense of urgency on us to understand that our modern ways of living have created these problems and that we must find ways to resolve them. Communities need to come to terms with the damage that industrialisation has caused to ecology, adapt to the climatic consequences that have been unleashed, and adopt more sustainable ways of living. Yet, the scale of this crisis and lack of wisdom to act can be numbing, so how can communities become more informed and motivated to take action? This paper proposes a performative, practice-led approach to generate discrete engagement strategies that enliven public attention towards changing attitudes, developing more holistic behaviours and adopting mitigative actions. Such engagements are relatable, values-oriented and framed towards the priorities, knowledges, capacities, and lived experiences of rurally-based, intergenerational communities. This novel approach is exemplified in a case study on community food growing that successfully achieved decarbonisation targets. Public engagement was developed through the strategic promotion of embodied community knowledges (ECK) to engender and intensify a sense of ability to respond and act. A series of decarbonisation projects were designed to engage and mobilise local participation through the practical, adaptive capacities that lay within the community. Findings revealed that valuing a community’s existing body of knowledge and revitalising that knowledge as a method of climate change engagement increased the potential for attentive, effective, and committed community-based actions.

scholarly journals Drawing on Wisdom From the Past: An Elder Abuse Intervention With Tribal Communities

2007 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 248-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia A. Holkup ◽  
Emily Matt Salois ◽  
Toni Tripp-Reimer ◽  
Clarann Weinert
Keyword(s):  
Native American ◽  
Elder Abuse ◽  
Family Care ◽  
Community Based Participatory Research ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Family Conference ◽  
The Family ◽  
To Come

Abstract Purpose: The Family Care Conference (FCC) is an elder-focused, family-centered, community-based intervention for the prevention and mitigation of elder abuse. It is based on a family conference intervention developed by the Maori people of New Zealand, who determined that Western European ways of working with child welfare issues were undermining such family values as the definition and meaning of family, the importance of spirituality, the use of ritual, and the value of noninterference. The FCC provides the opportunity for family members to come together to discuss and develop a plan for the well-being of their elders. Design and Methods: Using a community-based participatory research approach, investigators piloted and implemented the FCC in one northwestern Native American community. The delivery of the FCC intervention has grown from having been introduced and facilitated by the researchers, to training community members to facilitate the family meetings, to becoming incorporated into a Tribal agency, which will oversee the implementation of the FCC. Results: To date, families have accepted and appreciated the FCC intervention. The constructive approach of the FCC process helps to bring focus to families' concerns and aligns their efforts toward positive action.Implications:The strength-based FCC provides a culturally anchored and individualized means of identifying frail Native American elders' needs and finding solutions from family and available community resources.

Emergence of New Potential Insect Pests of Date Palm: Could Climate Change Be the Reason?

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 242-245
Author(s):  
Hamadttu A. F. El-Shafie
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Date Palm ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Economic Damage ◽  
South American ◽  
Palm Fruit ◽  
The Family ◽  
American Palm ◽  
Sorghum Chafer

Four insect species were reported as new potential pests of date palm in recent years. They are sorghum chafer (Pachnoda interrupta), the rose chafer (Potosia opaca), the sericine chafer beetle (Maladera insanablis), and the South American palm borer (Pysandisia archon). The first three species belong to the order Coleoptera and the family Scarabaeidae, while the fourth species is a lepidopteran of the family Castniidae. The injury as well as the economic damage caused by the four species on date palm need to be quantified. Due to climate change and anthropogenic activities, the date palm pest complex is expected to change in the future. To the author's knowledge, this article provides the first report of sorghum chafer as a pest damaging date palm fruit.

Climate Justice

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Sustainable Development Goals ◽  
Climate Justice ◽  
Policy Discourse ◽  
Mary Robinson ◽  
The Public ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
To Come ◽  
Run Up ◽  
High Level

Climate justice requires sharing the burdens and benefits of climate change and its resolution equitably and fairly. It brings together justice between generations and justice within generations. The United Nations Sustainable Development Goals summit in September 2015, and the Conference of Parties to the Framework Convention on Climate Change in Paris in December 2015, brought climate justice center stage in global discussions. In the run up to Paris, Mary Robinson, former president of Ireland and the UN Secretary General’s Special Envoy for Climate Change, instituted the Climate Justice Dialogue. The editors of this volume, an economist and a philosopher, served on the High Level Advisory Committee of the Climate Justice Dialogue. They noted the overlap and mutual enforcement between the economic and philosophical discourses on climate justice. But they also noted the great need for these strands to come together to support the public and policy discourse. This volume is the result.

Climate change impacts on water resources in a rural community in Limpopo province, South Africa: a community-based adaptation to water insecurity

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 587-598
Author(s):  
Sejabaledi Agnes Rankoana
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
South Africa ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Rural Community ◽  
Limpopo Province ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Adaptation Practices ◽  
Community Based Adaptation

Purpose The study explored the impacts of climate change on water resources, and the community-based adaptation practices adopted to ensure water security in a rural community in Limpopo Province, South Africa. Design/methodology/approach The study was conducted in Limpopo Province, South Africa. The participatory approach was used to allow community members to share their challenges of water scarcity, and the measures they have developed to cope with inconsistent water supply. Findings The study results show that the community obtains water for household consumption from the reticulation system supplied by Mutale River and the community borehole. These resources are negatively impacted by drought, change in the frequency and distribution of rainfall, and increased temperature patterns. The water levels in the river and borehole have declined, resulting in unsustainable water supply. The community-based adaptation practices facilitated by the water committee include observance of restrictions and regulations on the water resources use. Others involve securing water from neighbouring resources. Originality/value This type of community-based action in response to climate change could be used as part of rural water management strategies under climate change.

Fostering climate change consensus: The role of intimacy in group discussions

2021 ◽  
pp. 096366252110206
Author(s):  
Lyn M. van Swol ◽  
Emma Frances Bloomfield ◽  
Chen-Ting Chang ◽  
Stephanie Willes
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
Group Consensus ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Self Disclosure ◽  
Group Attraction ◽  
Climate Change Information ◽  
To Come ◽  
Collective Engagement

This study examined if creating intimacy in a group discussion is more effective toward reaching consensus about climate change than a focus on information. Participants were randomly assigned to either a group that spent the first part of an online discussion engaging in self-disclosure and focusing on shared values (intimacy condition) or discussing information from an article about climate change (information condition). Afterward, all groups were given the same instructions to try to come to group consensus on their opinions about climate change. Participants in the intimacy condition had higher ratings of social cohesion, group attraction, task interdependence, and collective engagement and lower ratings of ostracism than the information condition. Intimacy groups were more likely to reach consensus, with ostracism and the emotional tone of discussion mediating this effect. Participants were more likely to change their opinion to reflect that climate change is real in the intimacy than information condition.

scholarly journals Adhesion GPCRs in Glioblastoma

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriele Stephan ◽  
Niklas Ravn-Boess ◽  
Dimitris G Placantonakis
Keyword(s):  
G Protein ◽  
G Protein Coupled Receptors ◽  
The Past ◽  
Novel Treatment ◽  
The Family ◽  
Health And Disease ◽  
Basic Biology ◽  
G Protein Coupled ◽  
Potential Use ◽  
Receptor Family

Abstract Members of the adhesion family of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) have received attention for their roles in health and disease, including cancer. Over the past decade, several members of the family have been implicated in the pathogenesis of glioblastoma. Here, we discuss the basic biology of adhesion GPCRs and review in detail specific members of the receptor family with known functions in glioblastoma. Finally, we discuss the potential use of adhesion GPCRs as novel treatment targets in neuro-oncology.

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