Fostering climate change consensus: The role of intimacy in group discussions

2021 ◽  
pp. 096366252110206
Author(s):  
Lyn M. van Swol ◽  
Emma Frances Bloomfield ◽  
Chen-Ting Chang ◽  
Stephanie Willes
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
Group Consensus ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Self Disclosure ◽  
Group Attraction ◽  
Climate Change Information ◽  
To Come ◽  
Collective Engagement

This study examined if creating intimacy in a group discussion is more effective toward reaching consensus about climate change than a focus on information. Participants were randomly assigned to either a group that spent the first part of an online discussion engaging in self-disclosure and focusing on shared values (intimacy condition) or discussing information from an article about climate change (information condition). Afterward, all groups were given the same instructions to try to come to group consensus on their opinions about climate change. Participants in the intimacy condition had higher ratings of social cohesion, group attraction, task interdependence, and collective engagement and lower ratings of ostracism than the information condition. Intimacy groups were more likely to reach consensus, with ostracism and the emotional tone of discussion mediating this effect. Participants were more likely to change their opinion to reflect that climate change is real in the intimacy than information condition.

scholarly journals Penyempurnaan Hukum Formal Perpajakan Terkait Tata Cara Perpajakan

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 215-240
Author(s):  
Haula Rosdiana ◽  
Maria R.U.D. Tambunan ◽  
Inayati Hifni
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Focus Group ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Strategic Role ◽  
The Government ◽  
Taxation System

Dalam mengoptimalkan penerimaan pajak, pemerintah selayaknya mendesain sistem perpajakan yang berpegang prinsip efisiensi dengan tetap memperhatikan aspek keadil-an dan kesederhana. Dalam sistem perpajakan, hukum formal mempunyai peranan penting dalam mengejawantahkan hukum material, karena itu Undang-undang Ketentu-an Umum dan Tata Cara Perpajakan (KUP) menjadi salah satu kunci keberhasilan implementasi kebijakan pajak. Mengingat strategisnya peran UU KUP, perlu untuk mereview kembali UU KUP yang saat ini berlaku serta perlu dilakukan suatu penyempurnaan. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data kualitatif yang terdiri dari studi literatur dan focus group discussion. Penelitian bertujuan memberikan masukan atas KUP yang saat ini masih dalam proses pembahasan dengan menekankan pada aspek kemudahan (ease of administration), keadilan (equity) dan kepastian hukum (law enforcement). Hasil penelitian ini menekan-kan pada hal-hal terkait (i) perlunya meningkatkan basis data perpajakan, (ii) perlunya menjalankan kemudahan administrasi yang berdasarkan ketentuan yang tegas, jelas, dan sederhana, (iii) penegakan hukum yang tegas, (iv) adanya sanksi yang sebanding dengan pelanggaran yang dilakukan oleh wajib pajak, dan (v) peningkatan kualitas layanan dan profesionalisme petugas pajak. Kajian ini diharapkan mampu mendorong terwujudnya regulasi perpajakan pro terhadap optimalisasi penerimaan tanpa mencede-rai hak-hak wajib pajak. Proposal for Amendment of Formal Law on Taxation Procedure  In optimizing tax revenue, the government should design a taxation system that adheres to the principle of efficiency, justice and simplicity. In the taxation system, formal law has an important role in manifesting laws, therefore laws and taxation procedures (KUP) are one of the keys to the successful implementation of tax policies. Considering the strategic role of the KUP Law, it is necessary to review the KUP Law which is currently in force and needs to be improved. This study uses a qualitative approach with qualitative data collection techniques consisting of literature studies and focus group discussions. The research aims to provide input on KUP which is currently still in the process of discussion by emphasizing aspects of ease (ease of administration), justice (equity) and legal certainty (law enforcement). The results emphasize issues related to (i) the need to increase the taxation database, (ii) the need to carry out administrative facilities based on firm, clear and simple provisions, (iii) strict law enforcement, (iv) comparable sanctions with violations committed by taxpayers and (v) improving the quality of service and professionalism of tax officials. This study is expected to be able to encourage the realization of tax regulations that are pro to the optimization of revenue without harming the rights of taxpayers.

Innovativeness and Paralysis in International Climate Policy

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 137-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charlotte Streck
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
International Law ◽  
Environmental Governance ◽  
Environmental Law ◽  
Climate Regime ◽  
Market Mechanisms ◽  
International Climate Policy ◽  
To Come ◽  
Private Actors

AbstractThis article describes the challenges of using the constrained tools of international law to negotiate a sustainable framework to address climate change. It sets out to show how the particularities of the problem have led to creative and innovative solutions expanding the borders of international law. To this end, the article discusses carbon market mechanisms, the compliance regime of the Kyoto Protocol, and the emerging framework to create incentives to reduce land-based emissions in developing countries. These examples illustrate that the recognition of the role of sub-national and private entities in mitigating climate change has had significant impact on the rules of the climate regime. But the article also asserts that the un process, while recognizing the role of private actors, is still inadequately equipped to involve non-state actors in a meaningful way. The climate regime therefore challenges the traditional thinking about interstate relationships. No longer solely a matter for international environmental law, contemporary environmental governance has become a global affair, which makes the lens of transnational law a useful tool to think about these issues in practice in a more intellectually fruitful and relevant way. This article thereby provides a snapshot of the type of issues and discussion that readers of this journal can look forward to in the years to come.

scholarly journals Addooyyee: Girl’s Indigenous Friendship Institution in Oromoo, Ethiopia

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 307 ◽  
Author(s):  
Megersa Regassa ◽  
Terefe Mitiku ◽  
Waktole Hailu
Keyword(s):  
Social Economic ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Cultural Life ◽  
Traditional Institution ◽  
To Come ◽  
Interpretive Method ◽  
Gender Based

This thesis explores the role of the addooyyee institution in making friendship and sisterhood relation among girls. It aims at discussing the procedure by which addooyyee established between girls and used as girls’ friendship. During data collection, ethnographic methods such as observation, focus group discussions and semi-structured interview were employed. In data analysis, interpretive method was used to discuss the collected data.  The analyzed data shows that, the addooyyee institution has vital role in making friendship and sisterhood relation among girls in their social, economic and cultural life. The institution strengthen the relation of girls during wedding ceremony, working hand crafts (hodhaa), and their journey to collect firewood and migira buqqisuu (uproot grass), decoration wisdoms and daboo dubartii (girls’ cooperative work). Girls run all the above systems through their addooyyee institution to help each other and to exercise their friendship and unity among the society as gender based traditional institution. The thesis concludes that the addooyyee institution enables girls to come together and help each other in their social, economic and cultural life. To windup, concerning bodies should have to use this readymade institution in helping girls to strength their relation in all aspects of social activities.  

The Effects of Establishing Intimacy and Consubstantiality on Group Discussions About Climate Change Solutions

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 369-394 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emma Frances Bloomfield ◽  
Lyn M. Van Swol ◽  
Chen-Ting Chang ◽  
Stephanie Willes ◽  
Paul Hangsan Ahn
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Science Communication ◽  
Rhetorical Analysis ◽  
Word Count ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Change Communication ◽  
Climate Change Information ◽  
Group Members ◽  
Linguistic Inquiry ◽  
The Many

The many obstacles to productive climate change communication necessitate new approaches. Based on science communication strategies that promote engagement rather than knowledge transfer, we assigned participants ( N = 329) to randomized chat groups that discussed similarities between group members (intimacy condition) or information about climate change (information condition). This study combined Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count (LIWC) and rhetorical analysis and found that groups in the intimacy condition were more likely to exhibit commonality than groups in the information condition. This study offers practical strategies for having productive discussions on controversial scientific topics such as climate change.

scholarly journals Reporting on Climate Change by Broadcast Meteorologists: A National Assessment

2020 ◽  
Vol 101 (2) ◽  
pp. E129-E140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristin M. F. Timm ◽  
David Perkins ◽  
Teresa Myers ◽  
Bernadette Woods Placky ◽  
Edward W. Maibach
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Response Rate ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Communication Mode ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Climate Change Information ◽  
Communication Modes ◽  
Local Impacts ◽  
To Receive

Abstract Television weathercasters are uniquely situated to inform their audiences about the local impacts of global climate change and a growing number of them are adopting the role of climate change educator. We surveyed all American broadcast meteorology professionals in 2015 (N = 2,059; response rate = 22.6%), 2016 (N = 2017; response rate = 31.2%), and 2017 (N = 2,177; response rate = 22.1%) to assess weathercasters’ interest in reporting about climate change; if, where, and how they report about climate change; and the reactions they get from their audiences when they do. Many participating weathercasters indicated that they were moderately or very interested in reporting about climate change, especially using local historical climate information (56%). Just over half of the weathercasters (57.9%) had used one or more communication mode to inform their viewers, or other people in their community, about the local impacts of climate change in the prior year. The most commonly used modes were social media (42.7%), school visits (36.3%), community events (33.1%), and on-air broadcasts (31.3%). Most weathercasters who had reported about climate change on air indicated they received either positive viewer feedback or little feedback (61.9%); conversely, weathercasters who had not reported about climate change expected to receive mostly negative feedback (44.2%). In sum, this analysis suggests that large numbers of weathercasters have adopted the role of climate change educator in their communities; they use a range of communication modes to share climate change information with their audiences and receive mostly positive feedback from their audiences when they do.

The role of a knowledge broker in improving knowledge and understanding of climate change in the Australian rangelands

2015 ◽  
Vol 37 (6) ◽  
pp. 541 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary-Anne Healy ◽  
Kate Forrest ◽  
Gary Bastin
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Information Needs ◽  
Knowledge Broker ◽  
Project Delivery ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Climate Change Information ◽  
Project Objectives ◽  
Science And Research

This paper considers the role of a knowledge broker to coordinate and connect activity within a cross-disciplinary project to deliver climate change science and research to regional natural resource management (NRM) planning in the Australian rangelands. We use the Rangelands Cluster Project as a case study. Due to the additional challenges facing project delivery in the rangelands such as remoteness, distance and low and sparsely distributed population, the project development phase included the central role of a knowledge broker to support the project objectives: identifying climate change information needs, providing quality information that can be incorporated into NRM planning, and establishing networks of researchers and NRM planners across the rangelands. The knowledge broker facilitated a process that included face-to-face meetings, workshops, surveys, email and teleconferencing to establish relationships and identify priorities as well as to refine project outputs. This facilitation allowed clearer communication between parties who were very remote from each other and worked in different disciplines, ensuring the different expertise was brought into the project, connections made and relationships formed.

The Evolving Role of Social Media as News Outlet: Opportunities and Threats

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-57
Author(s):  
Cendera Rizky Bangun
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
New Media ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
Generation Gap ◽  
Digital Era ◽  
News Source ◽  
The Media ◽  
To Come ◽  
News Outlet

As new media emerge and replace the popularity of conventional media, people use social media not only as medium to socialize, but also increase its role as news source or news outlet. A generational divide has always existed within news. The older people tend to choose TV and newspaper as their primary news source meanwhile research conducted by Reuters in 2015 showed that younger audiences that grown up in digital era, exhibiting very different behaviors and increasingly expect the news to come to them through online channels and in new formats. This makes social media become the opportunities and also threats to some news companies. What should the media do in order to survive? Does the generation gap influence the media to use both traditional and digital or social media? Some online media even put their headlines and link in Facebook and Twitter as news outlet, so people can just click the link and go to their websites. Methodology used in this research is qualitative with data gathered from focus group discussion and interview. The result of the study expected to show how the generation gap creates different media consumption and the need for news corporation to change their pattern in order to survive. Keywords: Social media, news outlet, new media

scholarly journals Gender Inequality and Adaptive Capacity: The Role of Social Capital on the Impacts of Climate Change in Vietnam

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 1257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Loan Phan ◽  
Sue Jou ◽  
Jun-Hua Lin
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Gender Differences ◽  
Social Capital ◽  
Gender Inequality ◽  
Informal Networks ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact

Climate change has exacerbated gender inequality, and women are a vulnerable group. Previous research attributed this to physical gender differences, gender differences in ownership and control of natural resources, and socioeconomic status. We used a survey of 99 participants, seven focus group discussions, and 13 in-depth interviews in a coastal community in Vietnam to gain insight into the roots of gender inequality in the capacity to adapt to climate change. We analysed the role of social capital in regulating and mobilising other livelihood assets from a gendered perspective and found that gender norms explain the division and interactions of men and women in formal and informal networks. Based on our results, we suggest that policy-makers should pay more attention to gender issues when proposing climate change policies and reducing the gender imbalance in the impact of climate change adaptation.

scholarly journals Teacher's Emotional Display Affects Students' Perceptions of Teacher's Competence, Feelings, and Productivity in Online Small-Group Discussions

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuejiao Cheng ◽  
Han Xie ◽  
Jianzhong Hong ◽  
Guanghua Bao ◽  
Zhiqiang Liu
Keyword(s):  
Small Group ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
Educational Practice ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Emotional Displays ◽  
Emotional Display ◽  
Small Group Discussions ◽  
Realistic Problem

Teacher's emotions have been shown to be highly important in the quality and effectiveness of teaching and learning. There is a recognized need to examine the essential role of teacher's emotions in students' academic achievement. However, the influence of teacher's displays of emotions on students' outcomes in small-group interaction activities, especially in the online environment, has received little attention in prior research. The aim of the present study was to explore the relationship between teacher's different emotional displays and students' perceptions of the teacher's competence, as well as students' collaborative feelings and productivity in online small-group discussions. Using a three-level between-subjects design, 74 participants were randomly divided into four-member groups comprising a teacher and three other participants. All the groups were asked to discuss an open-ended realistic problem using online software, during which the teacher's display of emotions varied (positive vs. negative vs. neutral). The participants' self-reported questionnaire data (perception of the teacher's competence, students' feeling of pleasure, collaborative satisfaction, and willingness to continue collaborating) and productivity (number of effective ideas expressed within a given time) were measured to compare the participants who were exposed to different emotional displays. As expected, the results showed that the participants who received the teacher's positive emotional display reported that they experienced higher levels of pleasure during the task. However, in contrast to our expectations, those under the negative emotional display condition showed a significantly higher level of productivity in the group task. In addition, compared to emotional display, the participants' perceptions of the teacher's competence were rated significantly higher under the neutral condition, and they reported higher levels of collaborative satisfaction and greater willingness to continue collaborating with their group. The findings have the potential benefit of informing educational practice on whether teachers should display their emotions in a small-group discussion or how they should display emotions following adjustment for the relative aim of the teaching activities.

scholarly journals The role of the medical committee in hospital clinical governance in Jambi province

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 100-106
Author(s):  
Dumilah Ayuningtyas
Keyword(s):  
Focus Group ◽  
Medical Profession ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
Clinical Governance ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Safety Standards ◽  
Professional Quality ◽  
Admission Requirements ◽  
Depth Interviews

Latar Belakang: Tata kelola klinis bertujuan untuk memastikan bahwa layanan kesehatan berjalan sesuai dengan standar keamanan yang tinggi dan kualitas berkelanjutan. Komite Medis bertanggung jawab untuk pelaksanaan tata kelola klinis yang baik di rumah sakit. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peran Komite Medik dalam tata kelola klinis rumah sakit di era Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional (JKN) pada RS Umum Daerah (RSUD) di Provinsi Jambi. Metode: Desain penelitian bersifat kualitatif. Pengumpulan data dari Agustus hingga Desember 2016 di tiga RSUD kelas C di Provinsi Jambi dan mencakup 23 informan yang diambil melalui wawancara mendalam dan Focus Group Discussion. Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Komite Medik belum berperan optimal dalam proses kredensialing, pemeliharaan mutu profesi dan penjagaan disiplin/etika profesi. Tugas dan fungsi kredensialing di beberapa rumah sakit belum berjalan sebagaimana mestinya (karena digunakan untuk persyaratan penerimaan dokter baru, tetapi tidak untuk menyaring kompetensi dokter), terkesan formalitas, serta sulit dilakukan karena belum memiliki Mitra Bestari. Kebijakan Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional memberi pengaruh baik terhadap peran komite medik dalam tata kelola klinis RS, karena terdapat beberapa regulasi atau peraturan pelaksana tentang JKN yang terintegrasi dengan peran komite medik, khususnya pada aspek kendali mutu kendali biaya. Kesimpulan: Dapat disimpulkan Komite Medik secara umum belum berperan optimal dalam tata kelola klinis pada RSUD Kelas C di Provinsi Jambi. Oleh karena itu, rumah sakit perlu meningkatkan kompetensi, etika dan disiplin profesi medik, serta penyempurnaan regulasi terpadu terkait  tata kelola klinis di rumah sakit. Kata kunci: komite medik, tata kelola klinis, RS, Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional. Abstract Background: Clinical governance aims to ensure that health services run according to high safety standards and ongoing quality. The medical committee is responsible for the implementation of good clinical governance of the hospital. This study aims to analyze the role of the medical committee in the clinical governance of hospitals in the era of National Health Insurance (JKN). Methods: The research design is qualitative. Data collection spans from August to December 2016 in three hospitals in Jambi Province and includes 23 informants who were observed throughout in-depth interviews and focus group discussions. Results: The results show that the medical committee has not played an optimal role in the process of credentialing, maintaining professional quality, and guarding the discipline/professional ethics of the hospital. The duties and functions of credentials in some hospitals are not working properly (because used to apply to new doctor admission requirements, but not as to screen the competence of doctors), seem excessively formal and difficult to implement because they do not have Mitra Bestari yet. JKN policy has a good influence on the role of the medical committee in the clinical governance of the hospital, as there are several regulations that are integrated with the role of the medical committee, especially in the areas of quality control and cost control. Conclusion: It can be concluded that the medical committee in general has not played an optimal role in the clinical governance of hospitals in Jambi Province. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the competence, ethics, and discipline of the medical profession in addition to integrating regulations related to clinical governance in hospitals.  Keywords : Medical committee, clinical governance

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