LES ZONES BIOLOGIQUES DE LA PÉNINSULE QUÉBEC–LABRADOR ET L'HÉMIARCTIQUE

1952 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 436-474 ◽  
Author(s):  
Par Jacques Rousseau
Keyword(s):  
Temperate Zone ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Arctic Zone ◽  
Tropical Zone ◽  
Forest Tundra ◽  
Mixed Zone ◽  
Absolute Limit ◽  
The World ◽  
Aquatic Flora ◽  
Subarctic Forest

In order to place phytogeographical regions on a world basis, it is necessary to invoke the zone concept. For example, a botanist who studies the flora of some parts of the USSR, Alaska, Quebec, and Scandinavia recognizes many similarities, if not analogous floras: before considering the local differentiations which distinguish regional floras, he recognizes on first sight the "arctic" aspect. The tendency of phytogeographers, foresters, and biologists in general is to overlook the zonal division of the world from the arctic zone to the tropical zone and consider the regional aspects only. In a zonal division of Quebec, there are the temperate zone, grossly south of the 50° lat. N.; the subarctic zone, between the 50° and the 55° approximately; the hemiarctic zone, between the 55° and the absolute limit of trees; and finally the arctic zone, north of the 58°. The hemiarctic zone, described herein, and consisting principally of the habitat commonly called forest–tundra, is not formed of transitional habitats between those of the subarctic zone and those of the arctic zone, but made up of purely arctic patches (from 60 to 90% of the surface) imprisoned in a net of subarctic forest strips. The hemiarctic zone instead of being merely a mixture of arctic and subarctic plants, may be compared then to an "emulsion" of arctic and subarctic habitats. This "mixed" zone, highly convenient for phytogeographical purposes, finds its justification in biological and ciimatological data. For the distinction of the zones, we must not consider only the arborescent flora but all other expressions of life as well. From tentative studies, it is quite evident that a distinction of the zones based on limited floristic aspects,—the aquatic flora for example,—will lead to the same conclusion.

DEVELOPMENT OF THE RUSSIAN SEGMENT OF THE ARCTIC ZONE AS A REGIONAL MEASUREMENT OF WORLD GEOPOLITICS

2020 ◽  
pp. 73-77
Author(s):  
T.S. Sukhodaeva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
World Economy ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Russian Arctic ◽  
Competitive Advantages ◽  
Arctic Zone ◽  
Arctic Council ◽  
The World ◽  
Arctic Policy

The article discusses the features of the Arctic zone, its place in the world economy and international relations. The reasons for the intersection of the geopolitical interests of the leading states of the world in this region are revealed. The main directions of scientific and technical cooperation in the development of the Arctic are identified. The role of the Arctic Council in solving the problem of coordinating the interests of various actors in the region is shown. The strategic necessity of the development of the Arctic as a region free of conflicts and rivalry is substantiated. The analysis of the Russian Arctic policy and mechanisms for its implementation. The author substantiates the conclusion that the development of the Russian Arctic zone can become a driving force for the qualitative growth of the national economy, the formation of the country's competitive advantages in the long term, as well as maintaining the global ecological balance and stability.

scholarly journals Hydrophysical characteristics of selected soils from arctic and temperate zones

2015 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 525-531
Author(s):  
Barbara Witkowska-Walczak ◽  
Piotr Bartmiński ◽  
Cezary Sławiński
Keyword(s):  
Surface Layer ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Water Retention ◽  
Temperate Zone ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Arctic Zone ◽  
Water Conductivity ◽  
Water Potentials ◽  
Subsurface Layers

Abstract Hydrophysical characteristics of arctic and temperate zones soils were determined. The soils from the temperate zone showed a greater capability of water retention than those from the arctic zone. In both investigated depths (surface and subsurface layers), the highest water content was observed for the Sądecki Regosol, and the lowest one for Turbic Cryosol formed in the cell forms from Spitsbergen at all soil water potentials. The differences between water content for these soils at the same soil water potentials varied between 20 and 25% vol. in the surface layer, and from 19 to 22% vol. in the subsurface, respectively. The lowest differences (2.7-5.0% vol.) in water content were noticed between the Wyspowy Regosol and Turbic Cryosol (Skeletic) derived in the sorted circles. In both depths, higher values of water conductivity were observed for Regosols than for Cryosols at high soil water potentials, from -0.1 till -7 kJ m-3. These differences were especially high at -0.1 kJ m-3 and they were three or four times higher for soils from the temperate zone than from the arctic ones. For lower water potentials, the differences in water conductivity do not exceed one order in the surface layer and two orders in the subsurface.

scholarly journals Interests of the World Powers in the Arctic Zone: The Results of the Monitoring of the Leading Med

2017 ◽  
pp. 41-52
Author(s):  
Victor Martianov ◽  
◽  
Natalia Pankevich ◽  
Yaroslav Startsev ◽  
Valentina Emikh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
The Arctic ◽  
Arctic Zone ◽  
The World

scholarly journals Aqua-territorial production complexes of the Arctic zone as a new type of real estate in contemporary Russia

2018 ◽  
Vol 212 ◽  
pp. 07002
Author(s):  
Vladimir Sarchenko
Keyword(s):  
Real Estate ◽  
Construction Projects ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Arctic Zone ◽  
Innovation Cluster ◽  
The North ◽  
Important Region ◽  
The World ◽  
New Type

The paper is devoted to the identification of basic requirements for the formation of a new type of real estate in the Arctic zone of Russia. Based on the review of aqua-territorial production complexes and the evaluation of the prospects for their expansion, the resource potential for sustainable development of the national economy can be substantially adjusted. This predetermines their prospective advantage. The need for a parallel solution of the environmental issues is a peculiarity of the strategic approaches to the development of the Arctic spaces. In this regard, the potential of the Arctic in scientific research in this area is being actualized. In addition, the Arctic is the most important region in the world for studying climate change and its consequences. Taking into account the attention paid to this topic in the leading countries and the likely amount of damage due to the global warming, large-scale complex climate studies can turn into a full-fledged branch of the economy, which together with investment construction projects of the point development allows the Russian innovation cluster to take the advanced positions in the world. Considering domestic experience in implementing investment construction projects in the extreme conditions of the North and Siberia, it is advisable to focus investments in the development of aqua-territorial production complexes, the features of which are presented in the article. Their study allows formulating basic requirements for the implementation mechanisms for the projects of the Arctic zones development.

scholarly journals ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF THE RUSSIAN ARCTIC SPACE

2014 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 61-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladimir Selin ◽  
Fedor Larichkin ◽  
Valentina Novoseltceva
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Harsh Environment ◽  
Russian Arctic ◽  
Arctic Zone ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
World Community ◽  
The World ◽  
Effective Development

The article characterizes the growing interest of the Arctic states and the world community to the development of the vast natural resources in the harsh environment of the Arctic, including the development of programs and the strategy, the importance of international cooperation, harmonization of legal framework of economic activities in the macro-region. The essential modernization and development of transport and logistics complex in the effective development of the Arctic zone is substantiated. A conceptual model for creating the modern transport and logistics complex applicable to Murmansk transport hub, the largest in the Russian Arctic, has been developed.

Environmental and legal problems of ensuring biological safety in the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-69
Author(s):  
Natalia Zhavoronkova ◽  
Vyacheslav Agafonov
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Environmental Law ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Arctic Zone ◽  
Federal Law ◽  
Biological Safety ◽  
Legal Problems ◽  
Potential Risks ◽  
The Russian Federation

The article is devoted to the study of modern theoretical and legal problems of ensuring biological security in the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation. The published Draft of Federal law No. 850485-7“On biological security of the Russian Federation”provides an opportunity to take a closer look at the problem of legal provision of biological security in relation to the most vulnerable ecosystems, and, first of all, the Arctic. The article considers the most important features and potential risks of the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation of critical importance from the point of view of biological hazards, the features (specificity) of biological safety problems from the point of view of organizational-legal features and, in particular, from the perspective of environmental law. It is proved that, given the special situation of the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation, in addition to the base Federal law“About biological safety” required a specific law on biological and ecological safety of the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation, which should be generated on a slightly different model than the draft Federal law «On biological safety”, to wear the most specific, applied nature.

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