Basidiocarp development in Gloeophyllum (Lenzites) saepiarium in the natural environment

1972 ◽  
Vol 50 (5) ◽  
pp. 1017-1024 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jack States
Keyword(s):  
Natural Environment ◽  
Direct Contact ◽  
Close Association ◽  
Fruit Body ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Atmospheric Humidity ◽  
Long Period ◽  
Xeric Habitat ◽  
Growth Zones

Basidiocarp development in Gloeophyllum saepiarium begins with the emergence of vegetative hyphae from the wood, their exposure to the relatively severe, fluctuating conditions of light and moisture, and their loss of direct contact with the substratum. In response to these changes the hyphae become organized into hyphal strands composed of generative hyphae and skeletal hyphae. Hyphal strands direct the growth of the advancing margin and are involved in the development of tomentum, context, and hymenophore. Their marked sensitivity to light and humidity accounts for the presence of growth zones in the basidiocarp. Atmospheric humidity is considered to be the factor of primary importance in influencing the growth, differentiation, and orientation of the hyphae in the perennial basidiocarp during the growing season. The close association of skeletal and generative hyphae allows the fruit body to withstand the extended dry periods characteristic of its xeric habitat, and to develop over a long period of time.

scholarly journals Distance learning: Artistic disciplines in expectations and results

2021 ◽  
Vol 113 ◽  
pp. 00062
Author(s):  
I.A. Lvova ◽  
N.A. Bakhlova
Keyword(s):  
Distance Learning ◽  
Direct Contact ◽  
Online Communication ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Costume Design ◽  
Arts And Crafts ◽  
Long Period ◽  
Fields Of Study ◽  
Regional University ◽  
State Regional

The long period of distance learning in higher education has set difficult tasks for teachers. The article analyzes the course and results of an experiment that was conducted at the Department of Folk Art Crafts of the Moscow State Regional University in 2020. The experiment involved three groups of students in two fields of study: 54.03.01 Design, specialty Costume Design (CD) and 54.03.02 Decorative and Applied Arts and Crafts (DAAC). Students independently identified problems that could arise during distance learning. These are objective factors, such as: insufficient mastering of skills of working with materials and tools, the inability to correct errors and shortcomings immediately, etc.; and subjective factors: psychological problems, deterioration of health indicators, etc. The authors of the article followed the changes in the problems of teaching and made analytical conclusions about how the students’ attitude to the process of remote learning changed. Despite the positive dynamics in students’ perception of online communication with teachers, some of the problems remain unsolvable. For example, the main problem in teaching creative disciplines, in our opinion, was the lack of direct contact between the master and the student, when the skill of artistic work is transferred “from hand to hand”. The authors conclude that the teaching of creative disciplines cannot be completely taken online.

scholarly journals Net ecosystem exchange of carbon dioxide and water of far eastern Siberian Larch (<I>Larix cajanderii</I>) on permafrost

2004 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. Dolman ◽  
T. C. Maximov ◽  
E. J. Moors ◽  
A. P. Maximov ◽  
J. A. Elbers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Far East ◽  
Siberian Larch ◽  
Net Ecosystem Exchange ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Eddy Correlation ◽  
Annual Rainfall ◽  
Surface Conductance ◽  
Co2 Uptake ◽  
Atmospheric Humidity ◽  
Far Eastern

Abstract. Observations of the net ecosystem exchange of water and CO2 were made during two seasons in 2000 and 2001 above a Larch forest in Far East Siberia (Yakutsk). The measurements were obtained by eddy correlation. There is a very sharply pronounced growing season of 100 days when the forest is leaved. Maximum half hourly uptake rates are 18 µmol m-2 s-1; maximum respiration rates are 5 µmol m-2 s-1. Net annual sequestration of carbon was estimated at 160 gCm-2 in 2001. Applying no correction for low friction velocities added 60 g C m-2. The net carbon exchange of the forest was extremely sensitive to small changes in weather that may switch the forest easily from a sink to a source, even in summer. June was the month with highest uptake in 2001. The average evaporation rate of the forest approached 1.46 mm day-1 during the growing season, with peak values of 3 mm day-1 with an estimated annual evaporation of 213 mm, closely approaching the average annual rainfall amount. 2001 was a drier year than 2000 and this is reflected in lower evaporation rates in 2001 than in 2000. The surface conductance of the forest shows a marked response to increasing atmospheric humidity deficits. This affects the CO2 uptake and evaporation in a different manner, with the CO2 uptake being more affected. There appears to be no change in the relation between surface conductance and net ecosystem uptake normalized by the atmospheric humidity deficit at the monthly time scale. The response to atmospheric humidity deficit is an efficient mechanism to prevent severe water loss during the short intense growing season. The associated cost to the sequestration of carbon may be another explanation for the slow growth of these forests in this environment.

scholarly journals Prediction of changes in the state of the geological environment in the mining region

2019 ◽  
Vol 109 ◽  
pp. 00009
Author(s):  
Olena Bubnova
Keyword(s):  
Natural Environment ◽  
Direct Contact ◽  
Mining Industry ◽  
The State ◽  
Geological Environment ◽  
General State ◽  
Mining Region ◽  
Mine Workings ◽  
State Of The Environment ◽  
Hydrological Regimes

The mining industry is fundamental in the violation of the natural environment and the creation of technogenic. Due to the fact that the natural, disturbed and technogenic environments are in direct contact with each other, there are a number of interrelations between them that affect the general state of the environment. It is shown that the interaction of disturbed and technogenic arrays with the natural geological environment leads to the development of negative processes in the form of landslides, flooding and drainage of territories. In turn, these negative processes lead to the formation of secondary disturbances in the natural environment and directly in disturbed and technogenic arrays - additional sedimentation and deformation of rocks, the formation of dips. The main reason for the development of such hazardous processes is the violation of the hydrogeological regime in the vast territories adjacent to the mine workings. Studies of the hydrogeological and hydrological regimes in disturbed and technogenic arrays are given. The processes of landslide formation and their causes in quarries and in dumps of enterprises mining various types of minerals are considered.

Vanadian allanite-(La) and Vanadian allanite-(Ce) from the Hemlo gold deposit, Ontario, Canada

1991 ◽  
Vol 55 (381) ◽  
pp. 497-507 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuanming Pan ◽  
Michael E. Fleet
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Gold Deposit ◽  
Hydrothermal Alteration ◽  
Direct Contact ◽  
Close Association ◽  
Octahedral Coordination ◽  
Local Source ◽  
Minor Constituent ◽  
Simple Substitution ◽  
A Minor

AbstractAllanite-(La) (containing up to 7.80 wt.% V2O3 and with La/ΣREE and La/Ce atomic ratios up to 0.54 and 1.45, respectively) and allanite-(Ce) (up to 8.46 wt.% V2O3) occur in close association with vanadian muscovite, barian tomichite and vanadian titanite in the main ore zone of the Hemlo gold deposit, Ontario, Canada. Allanite-(Ce) generally occurs as a minor constituent in cross-cutting veins or along foliation planes, whereas allanite-(La) invariably occurs in direct contact with titanite. The high V concentrations in the allanites from Hemlo are readily attributable to an adequate local source of this element, and are most likely controlled mainly by a simple substitution of V for Al in octahedral coordination. Vanadian allanite-(La) and vanadian allanite-(Ce), without any systematic differences in other constituents, are clearly distinct in REE composition, in respect to both the relative concentrations of La and Ce and abundances of other REE. The formation of both allanites (Ce- and La-rich) indicates very localised remobilisation and concentration of REE during a late hydrothermal alteration. The unusual REE composition of vanadian allanite-(La) directly reflects partitioning of REE with coexisting titanite, and the formation of this unusual phase may be attributable to replacement of earlier titanite with redistribution of REE in the solid state.

scholarly journals PROFIL PENDERITA MORBUS HANSEN (MH) DI POLIKLINIK KULIT DAN KELAMIN BLU RSUP PROF. DR. R. D. KANDOU MANADO PERIODE JANUARI – DESEMBER 2012

e-CliniC ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia I. Tiwow ◽  
Renate T. Kandou ◽  
Herry E. J. Pandaleke
Keyword(s):  
Direct Contact ◽  
Mycobacterium Leprae ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Hansen's Disease ◽  
Long Period ◽  
Hansen’S Disease ◽  
History Of ◽  
Infection Disease ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
Multibacillary Leprosy

Abstract: Hansen’s Disease is a chronic infection disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae. The transmission of this disease is by direct contact with Hansen’s Disease patients in a long period of time, and by inhalation. This study aimed to evaluate the profile of hansen’s disease patients in Dermatovenereology clinic of Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital Manado during the period from January – December 2012. This is a descriptive retrospective study. The result of this study showed that among 112 patients with hansen’s disease, the highest rate was within 25-44 age group (46.4%), where male patients outnumbered females (64.3%). Most of the patients reside in the district of Singkil (12.5%). Multibacillary leprosy was most frequent (89.3%). There were 16% patients with ENL reactions. The disability stage 2 were found in 8,1% patients. Most patients had no history of treatment with MDT (54.5%). Keywords: Hansen’s Disease, profile.   Abstrak: Morbus Hansen (MH) adalah penyakit infeksi kronik yang disebabkan oleh Mycobacterium leprae. Penularan terjadi melalui kontak langsung dalam jangka waktu yang lama dan melalui inhalasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui profil penderita morbus hansen di poliklinik kulit dan kelamin BLU RSUP Prof. Dr. R.D. Kandou Manado periode Januari-Desember 2012. Penelitian bersifat deskriptif retrospektif. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan dari 112 penderita MH (10,22%) terbanyak berasal dari kelompok umur 25-44 tahun (46,4%), jenis kelamin laki-laki (64,3%), tempat tinggal kecamatan Singkil (12,5%), tipe MH terbanyak tipe Multibasiler (89,3%), terdapat reaksi ENL sebanyak 16%, kecacatan tingkat 2 sebanyak 8,1%, dan riwayat pengobatan terbanyak belum pernah melakukan pengobatan MDT sebelumnya (54,5%). Kata Kunci: Morbus Hansen, profil.

Entyloma calendulae f. dahliae. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1984 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. E. M. Mordue
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
North America ◽  
South America ◽  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Leaf Spot ◽  
West Indies ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Plant Debris ◽  
Long Period

Abstract A description is provided for Entyloma calendulae f. dahliae. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Dahlia variabilis, D. coccinia, D. pinnata; cultivated dahlia. DISEASE: Leaf spot of Dahlia. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Widely distributed in Europe including Finland and Sweden; Africa; North America (USA); Central and South America and West Indies (Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, El Salvador, Guatemala, Jamaica, Venezuela); Asia (Burma, India, Indonesia, Israel, Japan, Malaysia, Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Papua New Guinea); Australia and New Zealand. CMI Map 114, ed. 4, 1983. TRANSMISSION: Soil-borne. Overwinters as ustilospores buried in plant debris; not transmitted by seed or in tubers, although spread by soil attached to tubers is possible (6, 97; 17, 655; 41, 603; 49, 1050); mature ustilospores are capable of remaining viable for a long period when dry (16, 304). Conidia contribute to dissemination during the growing season (49, 1050).

scholarly journals Architecture of GnRH-Gonadotrope-Vasculature Reveals a Dual Mode of Gonadotropin Regulation in Fish

Endocrinology ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 156 (11) ◽  
pp. 4163-4173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matan Golan ◽  
Einat Zelinger ◽  
Yonathan Zohar ◽  
Berta Levavi-Sivan
Keyword(s):  
Direct Contact ◽  
Close Association ◽  
Mode Of Delivery ◽  
Transgenic Zebrafish ◽  
Delivery Mode ◽  
Pituitary Cells ◽  
Dual Mode ◽  
Zebrafish Model ◽  
Hypothalamic Pituitary Axis ◽  
Lh Cells

The function and components of the hypothalamic-pituitary axis are conserved among vertebrates; however, in fish, a neuroglandular mode of delivery (direct contact between axons and endocrine cells) was considered dominant, whereas in tetrapods hypothalamic signals are relayed to their targets via the hypophysial portal blood system (neurovascular delivery mode). By using a transgenic zebrafish model we studied the functional and anatomical aspects of gonadotrope regulation thus revisiting the existing model. FSH cells were found to be situated close to the vasculature whereas the compact organization of LH cells prevented direct contact of all cells with the circulation. GnRH3 fibers formed multiple boutons upon reaching the pituitary, but most of these structures were located in the neurohypophysis rather than adjacent to gonadotropes. A close association was observed between FSH cells and GnRH3 boutons, but only a fifth of the LH cells were in direct contact with GnRH3 axons, suggesting that FSH cells are more directly regulated than LH cells. GnRH3 fibers closely followed the vasculature in the neurohypophysis and formed numerous boutons along these tracts. These vessels were found to be permeable to relatively large molecules, suggesting the uptake of GnRH3 peptides. Our findings have important implications regarding the differential regulation of LH and FSH and contradict the accepted notion that fish pituitary cells are mostly regulated directly by hypothalamic fibers. Instead, we provide evidence that zebrafish apply a dual mode of gonadotrope regulation by GnRH3 that combines both neuroglandular and neurovascular components.

scholarly journals Adventive larval parasitoids reconstruct their close association with spotted-wing drosophila in the invaded North American range

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul K. Abram ◽  
Michelle T. Franklin ◽  
Tracy Hueppelsheuser ◽  
Juli Carrillo ◽  
Emily Grove ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
North America ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Close Association ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Spotted Wing Drosophila ◽  
Drosophila Suzukii ◽  
Larval Parasitoids ◽  
Percent Parasitism

AbstractTwo species of larval parasitoids of the globally invasive fruit pest, Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae), Leptopilina japonica and Ganaspis brasiliensis (both Hymenoptera: Figitidae), were detected in British Columbia, Canada in 2019. Both are presumed to have been unintentionally introduced from Asia, however; the extent of their establishment across different habitats with diverse host plants used by D. suzukii was unclear. In addition, there was no knowledge of the temporal dynamics of parasitism of D. suzukii by these two parasitoids. We repeatedly sampled the fruits of known host plants of D. suzukii over the entire 2020 growing season in British Columbia. We documented the presence of L. japonica and G. brasiliensis and estimated the apparent percentage of D. suzukii parasitized. Across a large region of southwestern British Columbia, both L. japonica and G. brasiliensis were found to be very common across a variety of mostly unmanaged habitats over the entire course of the season (May-October) in the fruits of most host plants known to host D. suzukii larvae. The two parasitoids were responsible for more than 98% of D. suzukii larval parasitism and usually co-existed even within a host species. Parasitism of D. suzukii was variable among hosts plants and sites (0-66% percent parasitism) and appeared to be time-structured. Our study demonstrates that the close association between the two larval parasitoids and D. suzukii that exists in Asia has evidently been reconstructed in North America, resulting in the highest parasitism levels of D. suzukii yet recorded outside of its area of origin.

scholarly journals APPLICATION OF SURVEYING AND MAPPING TECHNOLOGY IN DISEASE EXTRACTION AND ANALYSIS OF STONE MONUMENTS

2021 ◽  
Vol XLVI-M-1-2021 ◽  
pp. 901-907
Author(s):  
Z. Yu ◽  
Y. Hu ◽  
M. Hou
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Natural Environment ◽  
Historical Information ◽  
Stone Monuments ◽  
Architectural Elements ◽  
Long Period ◽  
Mapping Technology ◽  
Mapping Techniques ◽  
Surveying And Mapping

Abstract. With thousands of years of glorious history and culture, China, which is the origin of Chinese civilization has also survived with a magnificent amount of stone cultural heritage. Stone monuments are one of the most important components of Chinese monuments and contain a wealth of historical information by themselves. Due to the fact that some stone monuments and stone architectural elements are often exposed to the natural environment, they are subject to physical, biological, chemical and human damage over a long period of time, which leads to the formation of various kinds of damages. Therefore, it is an important issue to extract and analysis the diseases information effectively. In this paper, we were going to examine these issues in the context of existing surveying and mapping techniques.

scholarly journals Životopis i bibliografija prof. dr. sc. Pavuše Vežića

Ars Adriatica ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 9
Author(s):  
Emil Hilje
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Faculty Member ◽  
Natural Environment ◽  
Art History ◽  
Direct Contact ◽  
Early Christian ◽  
Academic Achievements ◽  
History Department ◽  
Artistic Heritage ◽  
Insight Into

Pavuša Vežić, eminent Zadar art historian and heritage conservationist was born in 1947 in Makarska. After graduating art history at former Faculty of Philosophy in Zadar, he worked on a number of important conservationist campaigns in Zadar, such as the rotund of St. Donatus, basilica of St. Thomas', Nassis, house, Citadel fort, St. Stephen's basilica, Zadar cathedral as well as on a number of important mediaeval and early modern buildings in Zadar region. These conservation and protection campaigns were accompanied by a number of academic achievements since direct contact with heritage had become the natural environment for research and insight into number of problems and questions that resulted with new comprehension and interpretations. Along with considerable conservationist career, Vežić received his PhD in 1994 at the Faculty of Philosophy in Zadar with thesis entitled The Episcopal complex in Zadar. In 1999, he joined Zadar art history Department as faculty member, where he finally received tenure in 2012. Professor Vežić's academic focus is in the early Christian and early mediaeval architecture as well as on questions of conservation and protection of heritage, in which fields he had published a number of widely recognized monographs, scientific and professional articles. Vežić's lectures are also affectionately remembered by generations of his students as well as citizens of Zadar who attended his public discourses on a variety of topics related to Zadar architectural and artistic heritage.

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