scholarly journals Beneficial Chromosomal Integration of the Genes for CTX-M Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase in Klebsiella pneumoniae for Stable Propagation

mSystems ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eun-Jeong Yoon ◽  
Bareum Gwon ◽  
Changseung Liu ◽  
Dokyun Kim ◽  
Dongju Won ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Acinetobacter Baumannii ◽  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Chromosomal Location ◽  
Chromosomal Integration ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Stable Propagation ◽  
Extended Spectrum

Dominant F-type plasmids harboring the gene have been pointed out to be responsible for the dissemination of the CTX-M extended-spectrum-β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing K. pneumoniae. Recently, the emergence of K. pneumoniae isolates with the bla CTX-M gene in their chromosomes has been reported occasionally worldwide. Such a chromosomal location of the resistance gene could be beneficial for stable propagation, as was the Acinetobacter baumannii ST191 harboring chromosomal bla OXA-23 that is endemic to South Korea. Through the present study, particular clones were identified as having built-in resistance genes in their chromosomes, and the chromosomal integration events were tracked by assessing their genomes. The cefotaxime-resistant K. pneumoniae clones of this study were particularized as results of the fastidiousness for plasmids to acquire the bla CTX-M gene for securing the diversity and of the chromosomal addiction of the bla CTX-M gene for ensuring propagation.

scholarly journals Comparative Genomics of Klebsiella pneumoniae Strains with Different Antibiotic Resistance Profiles

2011 ◽  
Vol 55 (9) ◽  
pp. 4267-4276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vinod Kumar ◽  
Peng Sun ◽  
Jessica Vamathevan ◽  
Yong Li ◽  
Karen Ingraham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Multidrug Resistance ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Genes ◽  
Susceptible Strain ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Whole Genome ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Extended Spectrum

ABSTRACTThere is a global emergence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains ofKlebsiella pneumoniae, a Gram-negative enteric bacterium that causes nosocomial and urinary tract infections. While the epidemiology ofK. pneumoniaestrains and occurrences of specific antibiotic resistance genes, such as plasmid-borne extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs), have been extensively studied, only four complete genomes ofK. pneumoniaeare available. To better understand the multidrug resistance factors inK. pneumoniae, we determined by pyrosequencing the nearly complete genome DNA sequences of two strains with disparate antibiotic resistance profiles, broadly drug-susceptible strain JH1 and strain 1162281, which is resistant to multiple clinically used antibiotics, including extended-spectrum β-lactams, fluoroquinolones, aminoglycosides, trimethoprim, and sulfamethoxazoles. Comparative genomic analysis of JH1, 1162281, and other publishedK. pneumoniaegenomes revealed a core set of 3,631 conserved orthologous proteins, which were used for reconstruction of whole-genome phylogenetic trees. The close evolutionary relationship between JH1 and 1162281 relative to otherK. pneumoniaestrains suggests that a large component of the genetic and phenotypic diversity of clinical isolates is due to horizontal gene transfer. Using curated lists of over 400 antibiotic resistance genes, we identified all of the elements that differentiated the antibiotic profile of MDR strain 1162281 from that of susceptible strain JH1, such as the presence of additional efflux pumps, ESBLs, and multiple mechanisms of fluoroquinolone resistance. Our study adds new and significant DNA sequence data onK. pneumoniaestrains and demonstrates the value of whole-genome sequencing in characterizing multidrug resistance in clinical isolates.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Antimicrobial Resistance and Transfer of Tetracycline Resistance Genes in Escherichia coli Isolates from Beef Cattle

2015 ◽  
Vol 81 (16) ◽  
pp. 5560-5566 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seung Won Shin ◽  
Min Kyoung Shin ◽  
Myunghwan Jung ◽  
Kuastros Mekonnen Belaynehe ◽  
Han Sang Yoo
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Tetracycline Resistance ◽  
Tetracycline Resistance Gene ◽  
Content Type ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Tetracycline Resistance Genes

ABSTRACTThe aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence and transferability of resistance in tetracycline-resistantEscherichia coliisolates recovered from beef cattle in South Korea. A total of 155E. coliisolates were collected from feces in South Korea, and 146 were confirmed to be resistant to tetracycline. The tetracycline resistance genetet(A) (46.5%) was the most prevalent, followed bytet(B) (45.1%) andtet(C) (5.8%). Strains carryingtet(A) plustet(B) andtet(B) plustet(C) were detected in two isolates each. In terms of phylogenetic grouping, 101 (65.2%) isolates were classified as phylogenetic group B1, followed in decreasing order by D (17.4%), A (14.2%), and B2 (3.2%). Ninety-one (62.3%) isolates were determined to be multidrug resistant by the disk diffusion method. MIC testing using the principal tetracyclines, namely, tetracycline, chlortetracycline, oxytetracycline, doxycycline, and minocycline, revealed that isolates carryingtet(B) had higher MIC values than isolates carryingtet(A). Conjugation assays showed that 121 (82.9%) isolates could transfer a tetracycline resistance gene to a recipient via the IncFIB replicon (65.1%). This study suggests that the high prevalence of tetracycline-resistantE. coliisolates in beef cattle is due to the transferability of tetracycline resistance genes betweenE. colipopulations which have survived the selective pressure caused by the use of antimicrobial agents.

scholarly journals Multihospital Occurrence of Pan-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae Sequence Type 147 with an ISEcp1-Directed blaOXA-181 Insertion in the mgrB Gene in the United Arab Emirates

2017 ◽  
Vol 61 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ágnes Sonnevend ◽  
Akela Ghazawi ◽  
Rayhan Hashmey ◽  
Aliasgher Haidermota ◽  
Safinaz Girgis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
South Korea ◽  
United Arab Emirates ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Extended Period ◽  
Sequence Type ◽  
Resistant Clone ◽  
Colistin Resistance ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Resistance Island

ABSTRACT The emergence of pan-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae strains is an increasing concern. In the present study, we describe a cluster of 9 pan-resistant K. pneumoniae sequence type 147 (ST147) isolates encountered in 4 patients over nearly 1 year in 3 hospitals of the United Arab Emirates (UAE). The isolates exhibited highly similar genotypes. All produced chromosomally encoded OXA-181, and the majority also produced the NDM-5 carbapenemase. As with the previously described single isolate from the UAE, MS6671, the mgrB was disrupted by a functional, ISEcp1-driven bla OXA-181 insertion causing resistance to carbapenems. The mutation was successfully complemented with an intact mgrB gene, indicating that it was responsible for colistin resistance. bla NDM-5 was located within a resistance island of an approximately 100-kb IncFII plasmid carrying ermB, mph(A), bla TEM-1B, rmtB, bla NDM-5, sul1, aadA2, and dfrA12 resistance genes. Sequencing this plasmid (pABC143-NDM) revealed that its backbone was nearly identical to that of plasmid pMS6671E from which several resistance genes, including bla NDM-5, had been deleted. More extensive similarities of the backbone and the resistance island were found between pABC143C-NDM and the bla NDM-5-carrying IncFII plasmids of two K. pneumoniae ST147 isolates from South Korea, one of which was colistin resistant, and both also produced OXA-181. Notably, one of these strains was isolated from a patient transferred from the UAE. Our data show that this pan-resistant clone has an alarming capacity to maintain itself over an extended period of time and is even likely to be transmitted internationally.

scholarly journals Colistin Resistance Gene mcr-8 in a High-Risk Sequence Type 15 Klebsiella pneumoniae Isolate from Kenya

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (39) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cecilia Kyany’a ◽  
Lillian Musila
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Sequence Type ◽  
Colistin Resistance ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Global Concern ◽  
Hospitalized Patient

ABSTRACT The emergence and rise of mobile colistin resistance genes are of great global concern due to the ease of transfer of resistance to other bacteria. This report describes the genome of a colistin- and multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae isolate bearing mcr-8, obtained from a hospitalized patient in Kenya.

scholarly journals Biochemical Characterization of the TEM-107 Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase in a Klebsiella pneumoniae Isolate from South Korea

2011 ◽  
Vol 55 (12) ◽  
pp. 5930-5932 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyungwon Lee ◽  
Jong Hwa Yum ◽  
Dongeun Yong ◽  
Seok Hoon Jeong ◽  
Gian Maria Rossolini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Clavulanic Acid ◽  
Clinical Isolate ◽  
Biochemical Characterization ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Extended Spectrum

ABSTRACTThe TEM-107 extended-spectrum β-lactamase detected in aKlebsiella pneumoniaeclinical isolate had a Gly238Ser substitution compared to the TEM-43 β-lactamase. The MIC of ceftazidime was higher (64 μg/ml) than that of cefotaxime (2 μg/ml) for the isolate. Clavulanic acid reduced the MIC of ceftazidime 64-fold.

scholarly journals Spread of ISCR1Elements ContainingblaDHA-1and Multiple Antimicrobial Resistance Genes Leading to Increase of Flomoxef Resistance in Extended-Spectrum-β-Lactamase-Producing Klebsiella pneumoniae

2011 ◽  
Vol 55 (9) ◽  
pp. 4058-4063 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chen-Hsiang Lee ◽  
Jien-Wei Liu ◽  
Chia-Chin Li ◽  
Chun-Chih Chien ◽  
Ya-Fen Tang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Close Monitoring ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Extended Spectrum ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance Genes ◽  
Multiple Resistance Genes ◽  
Replicon Type

ABSTRACTIncreasing resistance to quinolones, aminoglycosides, and/or cephamycins in extended-spectrum-β-lactamase (ESBL)-producingEnterobacteriaceaeexacerbates the already limited antibiotic treatment options for infections due to these microbes. In this study, the presence of resistance determinants for these antimicrobial agents was examined by PCR among ESBL-producingKlebsiella pneumoniae(ESBL-KP) isolates that caused bacteremia. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis was used to differentiate the clonal relationship among the isolates studied. Transferability and the location of the resistance genes were analyzed by conjugation experiments, followed by DNA-DNA hybridization. Among the 94 ESBL-KP isolates studied, 20 isolates of flomoxef-resistant ESBL-KP were identified. They all carried a DHA-1 gene and were genetically diverse. CTX-M genes were found in 18 of the isolates. Among these DHA-1/CTX-M-producingK. pneumoniaeisolates, ISCR1was detected in 13 (72%) isolates,qnrgenes (1qnrAand 17qnrBgenes) were detected in 18 (100%),aac(6′)-Ib-crwas detected in 11 (61%), and 16S rRNA methylase (allarmAgenes) was detected in 14 (78%). Four transconjugants were available for further analysis, andqnrB4,aac(6′)-Ib-cr,armA, andblaDHA-1were all identified on these self-transferableblaCTX-M-carrying plasmids. The genetic environments of ISCR1associated witharmA,blaDHA-1, andqnrB4genes in the four transconjugants were identical. Replicon-type analysis revealed a FIIA plasmid among the four self-transferable plasmids, although the other three were nontypeable. The cotransfer of multiple resistance genes with the ISCR1element-carrying plasmids has a clinical impact and warrants close monitoring and further study.

scholarly journals Rapid Replacement of Acinetobacter baumannii Strains Accompanied by Changes in Lipooligosaccharide Loci and Resistance Gene Repertoire

mBio ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark D. Adams ◽  
Meredith S. Wright ◽  
James K. Karichu ◽  
Pratap Venepally ◽  
Derrick E. Fouts ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Acinetobacter Baumannii ◽  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Genetic Background ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Genomic Analysis ◽  
Gene Repertoire ◽  
Complete Replacement ◽  
Content Type

ABSTRACT The population structure of health care-associated pathogens reflects patterns of diversification, selection, and dispersal over time. Empirical data detailing the long-term population dynamics of nosocomial pathogens provide information about how pathogens adapt in the face of exposure to diverse antimicrobial agents and other host and environmental pressures and can inform infection control priorities. Extensive sequencing of clinical isolates from one hospital spanning a decade and a second hospital in the Cleveland, OH, metropolitan area over a 3-year time period provided high-resolution genomic analysis of the Acinetobacter baumannii metapopulation. Genomic analysis demonstrated an almost complete replacement of the predominant strain groups with a new, genetically distinct strain group during the study period. The new group, termed clade F, differs from other global clone 2 (GC2) strains of A. baumannii in several ways, including its antibiotic resistance and lipooligosaccharide biosynthesis genes. Clade F strains are part of a large phylogenetic group with broad geographic representation. Phylogenetic analysis of single-nucleotide variants in core genome regions showed that although the Cleveland strains are phylogenetically distinct from those isolated from other locations, extensive intermixing of strains from the two hospital systems was apparent, suggesting either substantial exchange of strains or a shared, but geographically restricted, external pool from which infectious isolates were drawn. These findings document the rapid evolution of A. baumannii strains in two hospitals, with replacement of the predominant clade by a new clade with altered lipooligosaccharide loci and resistance gene repertoires. IMPORTANCE Multidrug-resistant (MDR) A. baumannii is a difficult-to-treat health care-associated pathogen. Knowing the resistance genes present in isolates causing infection aids in empirical treatment selection. Furthermore, knowledge of the genetic background can assist in tracking patterns of transmission to limit the spread of infections in hospitals. The appearance of a new genetic background in A. baumannii strains with a different set of resistance genes and cell surface structures suggests that strong selective pressures exist, even in highly MDR pathogens. Because the new strains have levels of antimicrobial resistance similar to those of the strains that were displaced, we hypothesize that other features, including host colonization and infection, may confer additional selective advantages and contribute to their increased prevalence.

scholarly journals Severe Sepsis Facilitates Intestinal Colonization by Extended-Spectrum-β-Lactamase-Producing Klebsiella pneumoniae and Transfer of the SHV-18 Resistance Gene to Escherichia coli during Antimicrobial Treatment

2013 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 1039-1046 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Guan ◽  
Shaoze Liu ◽  
Zhaofen Lin ◽  
Wenfang Li ◽  
Xuefeng Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Severe Sepsis ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Antimicrobial Treatment ◽  
Intestinal Colonization ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Challenge Strain ◽  
Gut Colonization ◽  
Extended Spectrum

ABSTRACTInfections caused by multidrug-resistant pathogens are frequent and life threatening in critically ill patients. To investigate whether severe sepsis affects gut colonization by resistant pathogens and genetic exchange between opportunistic pathogens, we tested the intestinal-colonization ability of an extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producingKlebsiella pneumoniaestrain carrying the SHV-18 resistance gene and the transfer ability of the resistance gene to endogenousEscherichia coliunder ceftriaxone treatment in rats with burn injury only or severe sepsis induced by burns plus endotoxin exposure. Without ceftriaxone treatment, theK. pneumoniaestrain colonized the intestine in both septic and burned rats for a short time, with clearance occurring earlier in burn-only rats but never in sham burn rats. In both burned and septic rats, the colonization level of the challenge strain dropped at the beginning and then later increased during ceftriaxone treatment, after which it declined gradually. This pattern coincided with the change in resistance ofK. pneumoniaeto ceftriaxone during and after ceftriaxone treatment. Compared with burn-only injury, severe sepsis had a more significant effect on the change in antimicrobial resistance to ceftriaxone. Only in septic rats was the resistance gene successfully transferred from the challenge strain to endogenousE. coliduring ceftriaxone treatment; the gene persisted for at least 4 weeks after ceftriaxone treatment. We concluded that severe sepsis can facilitate intestinal colonization by an exogenous resistant pathogen and the transfer of the resistance gene to a potential endogenous pathogen during antimicrobial treatment.

scholarly journals Molecular detection of extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates of chicken origin from East Java, Indonesia

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 578-583 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meutia Hayati ◽  
Agustin Indrawati ◽  
Ni Luh Putu Ika Mayasari ◽  
Istiyaningsih Istiyaningsih ◽  
Neneng Atikah
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Genes ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Agar Dilution Method ◽  
Resistance Level ◽  
Extended Spectrum

Background and Aim: Klebsiella pneumoniae is one of the respiratory disease agents in human and chicken. This bacterium is treated by antibiotic, but this treatment may trigger antibiotic resistance. Resistance gene in K. pneumoniae may be transferred to other bacteria. One of the known resistance genes is extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL). This research aimed to study K. pneumoniae isolated from chicken farms in East Java, Indonesia, by observing the antibiotic resistance pattern and detect the presence of ESBL coding gene within the isolates. Materials and Methods: A total of 11 K. pneumoniae isolates were collected from 141 chicken cloacal swabs from two regencies in East Java. All isolates were identified using the polymerase chain reaction method. Antimicrobial susceptibility was determined by agar dilution method on identified isolates, which then processed for molecular characterization to detect ESBL coding gene within the K. pneumoniae isolates found. Results: The result of antibiotic sensitivity test in 11 isolates showed highest antibiotic resistance level toward ampicillin, amoxicillin, and oxytetracycline (100%, 100%, and 90.9%) and still sensitive to gentamicin. Resistance against colistin, doxycycline, ciprofloxacin, and enrofloxacin is varied by 90.9%, 54.5%, 27.3%, and 18.2%, respectively. All isolates of K. pneumoniae were classified as multidrug resistance (MDR) bacteria. Resistance gene analysis revealed the isolates harbored as blaSHV (9.1%), blaTEM (100%), and blaCTX-M (90.9%). Conclusion: All the bacterial isolates were classified as MDR bacteria and harbored two of the transmissible ESBL genes. The presence of antibiotic resistance genes in bacteria has the potential to spread its resistance properties.

scholarly journals Comparative Study of Genotype and Virulence in CTX-M-Producing and Non-Extended-Spectrum-β-Lactamase-Producing Klebsiella pneumoniae Isolates

2014 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 2463-2467 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juyoun Shin ◽  
Kwan Soo Ko
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Selective Advantage ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Extended Spectrum

ABSTRACTMolecular and virulence characteristics of CTX-M-producing and non-extended-spectrum-β-lactamase (non-ESBL)-producingKlebsiella pneumoniaeisolates were compared. Lack of shared characteristics between the two groups suggested that most CTX-M-producingK. pneumoniaeisolates in South Korea did not occur by transfer ofblaCTX-Minto susceptible strains. Conjugation assays confirmed that the plasmid with theblaCTX-M-15gene confers virulence as well as antimicrobial resistance, suggesting that a CTX-M-15-producing clone such as ST11 may have a selective advantage even without antibiotic pressure.

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