Discovery of novel secondary metabolites from fungi—is it really a random walk through a random forest?

1995 ◽  
Vol 73 (S1) ◽  
pp. 925-931 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard L. Monaghan ◽  
Jon D. Polishook ◽  
Victor J. Pecore ◽  
Gerald F. Bills ◽  
Mary Nallin-Omstead ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Random Walk ◽  
Random Forest ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Hplc Analysis ◽  
Morphological Similarity ◽  
Fermentation Conditions ◽  
Random Events ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Solid Fermentation

Twenty-nine Nodulisporium strains isolated from material obtained worldwide were found to produce secondary metabolites as measured by HPLC. Analysis of incubation conditions resulted in the clustering of three solid fermentation conditions and the clustering of five liquid fermentation conditions. Coverage of 69% of the products produced under eight fermentation conditions could be accomplished if one medium from each cluster was used. Subdivision of the Nodulisporium strains into groups based upon morphological similarity allows for a minimization of the rediscovery of common metabolites. Rare metabolites (HPLC peaks) appeared to occur as random events. However, within the set of cultures that produced the mean or greater than the mean number of metabolites, were found all of the producers of rarer metabolites. Key words: Nodulisporium, fermentation screening, endophytes.

Erratum: Discovery of novel secondary metabolites from fungi—is it really a random walk through a random forest?

1996 ◽  
Vol 74 (4) ◽  
pp. 645-645 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard L. Monaghan ◽  
Jon D. Polishook ◽  
Victor J. Pecore ◽  
Gerald F. Bills ◽  
Mary Nallin-Omstead ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Random Walk ◽  
Random Forest ◽  
Secondary Metabolites

KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE AND PRACTICES OF CARETAKERS AND HEALTH PROFESSIONALS TOWARD TEETHING IN INFANTS

2011 ◽  
pp. 52-59
Author(s):  
Binh Bao Son Bui
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Disturbance ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Breast Feeding ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Feeding Problems ◽  
Central Hospital ◽  
Pediatric Department ◽  
Correct Knowledge ◽  
The Mean

Objective and methods: a prospective questionnaire based study on 71 parents (caretakers) of consecutive children treated at the Pediatric Department, Hue Central Hospital and on 47 health professionals at the department was conducted from September until December 2009 to investigate the knowledge, attitude and practices of the caretakers, nurses and postgraduated doctors toward teething in infants. Results: Most responders believed that teething causes fever, irritability, feeding problems, drooling, biting, sleep disturbance, swollen gums, crying, lose of appetite for solids; and fever over 38oC was also believed to be associated with teething. The mean eruption time of the first tooth was from 6 months. Most caretakers had normal attitude to manifestations ascribed to teething (54.9%). The most common management to symptoms attributed to teething included increased breast-feeding, oral paracetamol, increased fluid supplying and physician consulting. Conclusion: Correct knowledge to teething in infants need to be educated for parents (caretakers) and even for health professionals. Key words: knowledge, attitude, practices, teething, infants.

CLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE CHRONIC DACRYOCYSTITIS AND THE SUCCESS RATE OF EXTERNAL DACRYOCYSTORHINOSTOMY

2015 ◽  
pp. 29-34
Author(s):  
Van Nam Phan ◽  
Ba Kien Tran
Keyword(s):  
Success Rate ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Lacrimal Duct ◽  
Interventional Study ◽  
Chronic Dacryocystitis ◽  
External Dacryocystorhinostomy ◽  
The Mean

Purpose: To determine the clinical characteristics of the chronic dacryocystitis and the success rate of external dacryocystorhinostomy. Methods: The retrospective, interventional study without comparing on 27 patients (32 eyes) of chronic dacryocystitis who underwent dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR) from 2010 to 2011. Results were evaluated with standards: epiphora, purelence, lacrimal duct irrigation. Results: Over period of 6 months, 27 patients including 25 (92.59%) female, 2 (7.41%) male. The mean age was 49.8 years (range, 22-79 years). All patients demonstrated epiphera (range, 3 months – 11 years). Dacryocystorhinostomy was performed unilaterally in 81.48%, bilateral 18.52%. Successrate was 90.06% overall. Conclusions: Although techniques in dacryocystorhinostomy of DUPUY-DUTEMPS is old, its result is mainstay of treatment for chronic dacryocystitis in Vietnam. Key words: Dupuy-Dutemps, chronic dacryocystitis

RESULTS OF INTRALESIONAL TRIAMCINOLONE ACETONIDE FOR CHALAZION TREATMENT

2011 ◽  
pp. 100-104
Author(s):  
Thi Thu Nguyen ◽  
Viet Hien Vo ◽  
Thi Em Do
Keyword(s):  
Success Rate ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Triamcinolone Acetonide ◽  
Lower Eyelid ◽  
Upper Eyelid ◽  
Interventional Trial ◽  
The Mean ◽  
First Time

The study use intralesional triamcinolone acetonide injection proceduce for chalazion treatment.1. Objectives: To evaluate results of intralesional triamcinolone acetonide injection for chalazion treatment. 2. Method: This noncomparative prospective interventional trial included 72 chalazions of 61 patients. 3. Results: 61 patients (72 chalazions) with 19 males (31.1%) và 42 females (68.9%), the mean age was 24 ± 9,78 years. 31.1% patients was the first time chalazion and 68.9% patients was more than one times chalazion including 78.6% patients was recurrent at the first position and 21.4% patients occur at new position. 72 chalazions with 16 (22.2%) chalazions was treated before and 56 (77.8%) chalazions wasn’t done that. 72 chalazions with 49 chalazions (68.1%) are local in upper eyelid and 23 chalazions (31.9%) are local in lower eyelid. The mean of chalazion diameter is 6.99 ± 3.03mm. Intralesional triamcinolone acetonide is injected to treat 72 chalazions with 16 (22.2%) chalazions are injected through the route of skin and 56 (77.8%) chalazions are injected through the route of conjunctiva. After 2 weeks follow-up, the success rate was 93.1% and 6.9% failed. 4. Conclusion: intralesional triamcinolone acetonide injection for chalazion treatment is really effective. Key words: chalazion, intralesional triamcinolone acetonide.

On the absorption probabilities and mean time for absorption for discrete Markov chains

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikolaos Halidias
Keyword(s):  
Markov Chain ◽  
Random Walk ◽  
Markov Chains ◽  
Generating Function ◽  
Discrete Time ◽  
Probability Generating Function ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Time ◽  
Absorption Probabilities

Abstract In this note we study the probability and the mean time for absorption for discrete time Markov chains. In particular, we are interested in estimating the mean time for absorption when absorption is not certain and connect it with some other known results. Computing a suitable probability generating function, we are able to estimate the mean time for absorption when absorption is not certain giving some applications concerning the random walk. Furthermore, we investigate the probability for a Markov chain to reach a set A before reach B generalizing this result for a sequence of sets A 1 , A 2 , … , A k {A_{1},A_{2},\dots,A_{k}} .

scholarly journals Population density of helminths in ducks: effects of host’s age, sex, breed and season

1970 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
T Farjana ◽  
KR Islam ◽  
MMH Mondal
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Parasitic Infection ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Helminth Parasites ◽  
Domestic Ducks ◽  
The Mean

 A study was conducted to investigate the population density of helminth parasites in domestic ducks (Anas boschas domesticus) in relation to host's age, sex, breed and seasons of the year from March 2002 to May 2003. A total of 300 ducks were collected from different villages of Netrokona and Mymensingh districts of Bangladesh and autopsied to collect the parasites and counted to determine the population density of parasites. Off 300 ducks examined, 290 (96.66%) were infected with 17 species of helminth parasites in which 11 species were trematodes, 4 were cestodes and 2 nematodes. Among the parasites, density of cestodes was the highest (33.15±5.26), followed by trematodes (5.98±1.32); and nematodes (2.95±0.68). Mean density of parasites increased with the increase of age (young: 21.23±1.09, adult: 26.18±2.14 and old: 27.87±2.98) while the mean density of most of the helminth parasites was higher in female ducks (31.35±4.72) than in males (27.52±3.32). Indigenous ducks (33.72±3.61) were infected with the highest load of helminths than Khaki Campbell breed (29.61±4.32) of ducks. Mean density of most trematodes (5.42±0.80) were highest in winter season whereas mean density of all cestodes (48.43±4.85) and nematodes (4.13±1.76) were highest in summer.  The present study suggests that age, sex, breed of ducks and seasons of the year influence the parasitic infection to a greater extend. Key words: Population density, helminths, duck, Bangladesh DOI = 10.3329/bjvm.v6i1.1338 Bangl. J. Vet. Med. (2008). 6 (1): 45-51

scholarly journals Mycotoxins as a risk in the grain food

2009 ◽  
pp. 79-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jovana Matic ◽  
Jasna Mastilovic ◽  
Ivana Cabarkapa ◽  
Anamarija Mandic
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Ochratoxin A ◽  
Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Toxic Effects ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
The European Union ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Grain Foods

Mycotoxins are toxic secondary metabolites of fungi that contaminate a large variety of foods and have toxic effects on humans. The best protection against mycotoxins is to monitor their presence in food. This paper shows the screening results of mycotoxins present in 76 samples of different groups of grain foods. Samples of grain food were analyzed for contamination with aflatoxins, ochratoxin A, zearalenone, fumonisins and deoxynivalenol. Analysis were conducted using competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). None of the samples was contaminated with aflatoxins. The most predominant mycotoxin was ochratoxin A with the mean level of 4.84 ? 4.49 ppb in 19.7% of the examined samples. Zearalenone, fumonisins, and deoxynivalenol were found in 9.21, 14.5 and 3.9% of the samples, respectively. Mycotoxin content in the investigated samples was compared with the regulations of Serbia and those of the European Union.

scholarly journals Tamaño óptimo de la muestra

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. H. Badii ◽  
J. Castillo ◽  
A. Guillen
Keyword(s):  
Sample Size ◽  
Normal Distribution ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Sample Size Estimation ◽  
Size Estimation ◽  
Bias Estimation ◽  
Population Variance ◽  
Population Proportion ◽  
Estimation Process ◽  
The Mean

Key words: Bias, estimation, population, sampleAbstract. The basics of sample size estimation process are described. Assuming the normal distribution, the procedures for estimation of sample size for the mean; with and without knowledge of the population variance, and population proportion are noted. Sample size for more than one population feature is also given.Palabras clave: Estimación, muestra, población, sesgoResumen. Se describen los fundamentos del proceso de la estimación del tamaño óptimo de la muestra. Suponiendo una distribución normal para una población, se notan los procedimientos de la estimación del tamaño óptimo de la muestra para la media muestral con y sin el conocimiento de la varianza poblacional. Se presenta el tamaño óptimo de la muestra con más de una característica poblacional.

scholarly journals The providing of population by the forest resourses in the cities of the value of oblast and the administrative raions in the Lviv region

2014 ◽  
pp. 252-259
Author(s):  
F. Kiptach
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Forest Resources ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
The Mean

The level of material well-being of population of cities of regional value and administrative districts of the Lviv area is calculated by forest resources. Their classification is conducted on the rating values of indexes of index of provision of forest resources from a calculation to the mean values for cities and districts. Key words: forest resources, populations, cities of regional value, administrative districts.

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