Effects of lactoferrin on the viability and the encystment of Acanthamoeba trophozoites

2017 ◽  
Vol 95 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shinichi Tomita ◽  
Chie Suzuki ◽  
Hitomi Wada ◽  
Miya Nomachi ◽  
Masaki Imayasu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contact Lenses ◽  
Bovine Milk ◽  
Microscopic Analysis ◽  
Antimicrobial Effect ◽  
Cyst Formation ◽  
Acanthamoeba Keratitis ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Calcofluor White ◽  
Soft Contact Lenses ◽  
Amoebicidal Effect

Lactoferrin (LF) is an iron-binding basic glycoprotein that has an antimicrobial effect against certain microbes. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the amoebicidal effect of bovine milk LF (bLF) against Acanthamoeba clinical-isolate trophozoites, which cause severe keratitis. Most of the risk factor for Acanthamoeba keratitis is from wearing soft contact lenses (SCLs). Acanthamoeba trophozoites were incubated in bovine LF (bLF) solution, and the ratios of viability and encystment were determined with microscopic analysis of cyst formation. The amoebicidal effect of bLF was assessed by Trypan blue assay. The ratios of viable cells in the presence of iron-free bLF (apo-bLF), native-bLF, and iron-saturated bLF (Fe-bLF) at the concentration of 10 μmol/L for 60 min were 7.7% ± 4.6%, 80.7% ± 10.1%, and 97.3% ± 1.5%, respectively. Apo-bLF showed potent amoebicidal effect against Acanthamoeba trophozoites, but Fe-bLF did not have this effect. After treating with apo-bLF, most dead cells were nonglobular forms of trophozoites but not cystic forms. Encystment of Acanthamoeba was assessed by the sarkosyl-calcofluor white assay. The encystment ratios treated with 0.5% propylene glycol (positive control) and 10 μmol/L apo-bLF for 24 h were 96.12% ± 10.6% and 0.47% ± 0.5%, respectively. These results suggest that the amoebicidal effect of apo-bLF without encystment might lead to the prevention of contamination of Acanthamoeba in SCL stock cases.

Swimming with soft contact lenses: danger of acanthamoeba keratitis

2005 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 392 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuichi Kaji ◽  
Beihua Hu ◽  
Keisuke Kawana ◽  
Tetsuro Oshika
Keyword(s):  
Contact Lenses ◽  
Acanthamoeba Keratitis ◽  
Soft Contact ◽  
Soft Contact Lenses

scholarly journals Acanthamoeba keratitis related to contact lens in a tertiary hospital in China

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weiwei Li ◽  
Zhiqun Wang ◽  
Jinghao Qu ◽  
Yang Zhang ◽  
Xuguang Sun
Keyword(s):  
Confocal Microscopy ◽  
Contact Lens ◽  
Contact Lenses ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Acanthamoeba Keratitis ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Soft Contact Lenses ◽  
Chi Square Test

Abstract Backgroud To report the clinical and microbiological features of Acanthamoeba keratitis (AK) related to contact lens in a tertiary hospital in China. Methods In this retrospective study, medical results of 61 cases of AK related to contact lens were reviewed from January 2000 to December 2017. The data included patients’ demographics, lens type, history, risk factors, the disease stages, reports of corneal scrapings and culture, treatment. Moreover, the genotype identification of part of these isolates was carried out with a PCR assay and sequence analysis of the 18S ribosomal DNA gene. Results There were 64 eyes included in the study. And 32.8% of cases wore soft contact lenses, 67.2% of patients used overnight orthokeratology. In the cases (20eyes) of early stage, 65% (13 eyes) had positive results in Giemsa stained smears, trophozoites were seen in 7 eyes (35%) in 0.9% sodium chloride (NaCl) wet mounts. Six eyes (30%) were diagnosed by confocal microscopy together with clinical sign. In the orthokeratology patients, 87.8% (36/41) of cases rinsed the lenses and/or cases with tap water, while 55% of soft lens wearers wore their lens during showering. The genotype of 9 isolates was determined, all the strains belonged to genotype T4. In the orthokeratology related cases, patients required therapeutic penetrating keratoplasty after 2005 were less than before 2005 (Chi-square test, χ2= 4.209，P = 0.04). Conclusions More than two thirds of cases were associated with orthokeratology. The examinations of Giemsa stained smears, 0.9% NaCl wet mounts and confocal microscopy should be done for the highly suspected cases of early stage to help the early diagnosis. The rate of therapeutic keratoplasty was decrease after 2005 compare with before 2005 in the cases of orthokeratology.

scholarly journals Comparison of the Antimicrobial Efficacy of Various Contact Lens Solutions to Inhibit the Growth of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Laxmi Narayana ◽  
Pooja Rao ◽  
Sevitha Bhat ◽  
K. Vidyalakshmi
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Contact Lens ◽  
Contact Lenses ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Antimicrobial Effect ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Soft Contact Lenses ◽  
Contact Lens Solution

Soft contact lenses provide perfect conditions for the breeding of pathogens. The study is a prospective, experimental study, conducted to know the antimicrobial ability of multipurpose contact lens solution against standard strains of Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa by the stand-alone test. The test method is based on the procedures in the ISO 14729 standard primary stand-alone test. Three multipurpose contact lens care solutions commercially available in Mangalore markets, namely, Biotrue (Bausch & Lomb), Opti-Free Replenish (Alcon), and Aquasoft (Stericon Pharma), were tested for its antimicrobial effect in the microbiology lab at Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore. According to this study, the solutions named “Biotrue” and “Aquasoft” met the primary stand-alone and reached the 3log reduction and 5log reduction criteria in the manufacturer recommended time, respectively. No conclusion could be drawn for Opti-Free Replenish since the minimum recommended disinfection time was overnight, whereas it was noted for 6 hr only, and it should have been experimented further. The effectiveness of multipurpose solutions varies against different bacterial species. We have observed that the antimicrobial activity of different solutions varies with respect to time of incubation, and also there was a marked difference in the activity of some solutions against S. aureus and P. aeruginosa. So, it is necessary for the contact lens users to store their lenses in solutions for longer duration of hours. It is also recommended to use solutions that clear the ISO 14729 standards for better health conditions of the eye.

scholarly journals A Rabbit Model of Acanthamoeba Keratitis: Use of Infected Soft Contact Lenses After Corneal Epithelium Debridement With a Diamond Burr

2017 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 1218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ángel Ortillés ◽  
Pilar Goñi ◽  
Encarnación Rubio ◽  
Marta Sierra ◽  
Ekaterina Gámez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Corneal Epithelium ◽  
Contact Lenses ◽  
Rabbit Model ◽  
Acanthamoeba Keratitis ◽  
Soft Contact ◽  
Soft Contact Lenses ◽  
Diamond Burr

scholarly journals Acanthamoeba keratitis related to contact lens use in a tertiary hospital in China

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Weiwei Li ◽  
Zhiqun Wang ◽  
Jinghao Qu ◽  
Yang Zhang ◽  
Xuguang Sun
Keyword(s):  
Confocal Microscopy ◽  
Contact Lens ◽  
Contact Lenses ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Acanthamoeba Keratitis ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Soft Contact Lenses ◽  
Number Of Patients

Abstract Background To report the clinical and microbiological features of Acanthamoeba keratitis (AK) related to contact lens use in a tertiary hospital in China. Methods In this retrospective study, the medical results of 61 cases of AK related to contact lens use from January 2000 to December 2017 were reviewed. The data included patients’ demographics, lens type, history, risk factors, disease stages, corneal scraping and culture reports, and treatments. Moreover, genotypic identification of some of the isolates was carried out with a PCR assay and sequence analysis of the 18S ribosomal DNA gene. Results There were 64 eyes included in the study. A total of 32.8% of the patients wore soft contact lenses, and 67.2% of patients used overnight orthokeratology. In the cases (20 eyes) in the early stage, 65% (13 eyes) had positive results according to Giemsa-stained smears, and 0.9% sodium chloride (NaCl) wet mounts revealed trophozoites in 7 eyes (35%). Six eyes (30%) were diagnosed by confocal microscopy combined with clinical signs. In the orthokeratology patients, 87.8% (36/41) rinsed their lenses and/or cases with tap water; 55% of soft-lens wearers wore their lenses while showering. The genotype of 9 isolates was determined, and all the strains belonged to genotype T4. In the orthokeratology group, the number of patients who required therapeutic penetrating keratoplasty after 2005 was less than that before 2005 (chi-square test, χ2 = 4.209, P = 0.04). Conclusions More than two-thirds of the cases were associated with orthokeratology. Examinations with Giemsa-stained smears, 0.9% NaCl wet mounts and confocal microscopy should be performed for patients who are highly suspected of having early-stage AK to help with early diagnosis. In the orthokeratology group, the rate of therapeutic keratoplasty after 2005 was less than that before 2005.

Keratitis induced by soft contact lens

2021 ◽  
pp. 111-114
Author(s):  
Е.L. Usubov ◽  
◽  
I.A. Rusakova ◽  
E.M. Rakhimova ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contact Lens ◽  
Contact Lenses ◽  
Antimicrobial Effect ◽  
Term Treatment ◽  
Soft Contact ◽  
Soft Contact Lenses ◽  
Uv Crosslinking ◽  
Soft Contact Lens ◽  
Long Term Treatment ◽  
Improper Use

A clinical case demonstrates that improper use of soft contact lenses can induce serious changes in the cornea, followed by long-term treatment, which in turn may be ineffective due to the developed antibiotic resistance. In similar cases, the use of UV crosslinking provides an additional antimicrobial effect, which ultimately allows the inflammatory process to be resolved. Key words: keratitis, soft contact lens, crosslinking.

scholarly journals Acanthamoeba keratitis related to contact lens use in a tertiary hospital in China

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weiwei Li ◽  
Zhiqun Wang ◽  
Jinghao Qu ◽  
Yang Zhang ◽  
Xuguang Sun
Keyword(s):  
Confocal Microscopy ◽  
Contact Lens ◽  
Contact Lenses ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Acanthamoeba Keratitis ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Soft Contact Lenses ◽  
Number Of Patients

Abstract Background: To report the clinical and microbiological features of Acanthamoeba keratitis (AK) related to contact lens use in a tertiary hospital in China. Methods: In this retrospective study, the medical results of 61 cases of AK related to contact lens use from January 2000 to December 2017 were reviewed. The data included patients’ demographics, lens type, history, risk factors, disease stages, corneal scraping and culture reports, and treatments. Moreover, genotypic identification of some of the isolates was carried out with a PCR assay and sequence analysis of the 18S ribosomal DNA gene. Results: There were 64 eyes included in the study. A total of 32.8% of the patients wore soft contact lenses, and 67.2% of patients used overnight orthokeratology. In the cases (20 eyes) in the early stage, 65% (13 eyes) had positive results according to Giemsa-stained smears, and 0.9% sodium chloride (NaCl) wet mounts revealed trophozoites in 7 eyes (35%). Six eyes (30%) were diagnosed by confocal microscopy combined with clinical signs. In the orthokeratology patients, 87.8% (36/41) rinsed their lenses and/or cases with tap water; 55% of soft-lens wearers wore their lenses while showering. The genotype of 9 isolates was determined, and all the strains belonged to genotype T4. In the orthokeratology group, the number of patients who required therapeutic penetrating keratoplasty after 2005 was less than that before 2005 (chi-square test, χ 2 = 4.209, P = 0.04). Conclusions: More than two-thirds of the cases were associated with orthokeratology. Examinations with Giemsa-stained smears, 0.9% NaCl wet mounts and confocal microscopy should be performed for patients who are highly suspected of having early-stage AK to help with early diagnosis. In the orthokeratology group, the rate of therapeutic keratoplasty after 2005 was less than that before 2005.

scholarly journals Acanthamoeba keratitis related to contact lens use in a tertiary hospital in China

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weiwei Li ◽  
Zhiqun Wang ◽  
Jinghao Qu ◽  
Yang Zhang ◽  
Xuguang Sun
Keyword(s):  
Confocal Microscopy ◽  
Contact Lens ◽  
Contact Lenses ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Acanthamoeba Keratitis ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Soft Contact Lenses ◽  
Number Of Patients

Abstract Background: To report the clinical and microbiological features of Acanthamoeba keratitis (AK) related to contact lens use in a tertiary hospital in China. Methods: In this retrospective study, the medical results of 61 cases of AK related to contact lens use from January 2000 to December 2017 were reviewed. The data included patients’ demographics, lens type, history, risk factors, disease stages, corneal scraping and culture reports, and treatments. Moreover, genotypic identification of some of the isolates was carried out with a PCR assay and sequence analysis of the 18S ribosomal DNA gene. Results: There were 64 eyes included in the study. A total of 32.8% of the patients wore soft contact lenses, and 67.2% of patients used overnight orthokeratology. In the cases (20 eyes) in the early stage, 65% (13 eyes) had positive results according to Giemsa-stained smears, and 0.9% sodium chloride (NaCl) wet mounts revealed trophozoites in 7 eyes (35%). Six eyes (30%) were diagnosed by confocal microscopy combined with clinical signs. In the orthokeratology patients, 87.8% (36/41) rinsed their lenses and/or cases with tap water; 55% of soft-lens wearers wore their lenses while showering. The genotype of 9 isolates was determined, and all the strains belonged to genotype T4. In the orthokeratology group, the number of patients who required therapeutic penetrating keratoplasty after 2005 was less than that before 2005 (chi-square test, χ 2 = 4.209, P = 0.04). Conclusions: More than two-thirds of the cases were associated with orthokeratology. Examinations with Giemsa-stained smears, 0.9% NaCl wet mounts and confocal microscopy should be performed for patients who are highly suspected of having early-stage AK to help with early diagnosis. In the orthokeratology group, the rate of therapeutic keratoplasty after 2005 was less than that before 2005.

scholarly journals Acanthoamoeba Keratitis Induced by a Therapeutic, Soft Contact Lens: Diagnosis via Gram Staining

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 177-181
Author(s):  
Sun Young Lee ◽  
Yang Kyung Cho
Keyword(s):  
Contact Lenses ◽  
Antimicrobial Prophylaxis ◽  
Final Diagnosis ◽  
Acanthamoeba Keratitis ◽  
Eye Drops ◽  
Soft Contact ◽  
Persistent Epithelial Defect ◽  
Soft Contact Lenses ◽  
Gram Staining ◽  
History Of

Purpose: We report two cases of Acanthamoeba keratitis diagnosed by Gram staining in patients who had recently worn therapeutic, soft contact lenses and had no history of lens use for visual correction.Case summary: The first patient was initially diagnosed with suspected mixed bacterial or fungal keratitis before a final diagnosis of Acanthamoeba keratitis was confirmed by Gram staining of a corneal smear. The second patient was initially diagnosed with a persistent epithelial defect caused by an earlier lid injury inflicted by a metallic foreign body, and then with a suspected mixed infection combined with herpetic uveitis. The patient was finally diagnosed with Acanthamoeba keratitis by Gram staining of a corneal smear. Both cases were treated with polyhexamethylene biguanide and chlorhexidine.Conclusions: Therapeutic, soft contact lenses are used to enhance corneal, epithelial wound healing in conjunction with antimicrobial prophylaxis. However, application of such a lens to a diseased cornea may predispose to the development of microbial keratitis caused by microorganisms resistant to the usual, prophylactic, antimicrobial eye drops. Therapeutic, soft contact lenses are associated with a risk of Acanthamoeba keratitis; early diagnosis is important. Gram staining of a corneal smear is useful in this context. Acanthamoeba is not eradicated by empirical broad-spectrum antimicrobials.

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