Persistent contamination of Salmonella, Campylobacter, Escherichia coli, and Staphylococcus aureus at a broiler farm in New Zealand

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 171-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristine Castañeda-Gulla ◽  
Evelyn Sattlegger ◽  
Anthony N. Mutukumira
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Poultry Production ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Pathogen Control ◽  
Broiler Farm ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
And Staphylococcus Aureus

Intensive poultry production due to public demand raises the risk of contamination, creating potential foodborne hazards to consumers. The prevalence and microbial load of the pathogens Campylobacter, Salmonella, Staphylococcus aureus, and Escherichia coli was determined by standard methods at the farm level. After disinfection, swab samples collected from wall crevices, drinkers, and vents were heavily contaminated, as accumulated organic matter and dust likely protected the pathogens from the disinfectants used. The annex floor also showed high microbial concentrations, suggesting the introduction of pathogens from external environments, highlighting the importance of erecting hygiene barriers at the entrance of the main shed. Therefore, pathogen control measures and proper application of disinfectants are recommended as intervention strategies. Additionally, quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was evaluated as a quantification tool. qPCR showed limitations with samples containing low microbial counts because of the low detection limit of the method. Thus, bacterial pre-enrichment of test samples may be necessary to improve the detection of pathogens by qPCR.

scholarly journals Eliminating false positives in a qPCR assay for the detection of the uidA gene in Escherichia coli

2013 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 382-386 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Kibbee ◽  
Natalie Linklater ◽  
Banu Örmeci
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Qpcr Assay ◽  
Uida Gene ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Taq Polymerase ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Gene Copies ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Low Levels

Due to contaminant Escherichia coli DNA present in recombinant Taq polymerase reagents, it is not possible to reliably detect low levels of E. coli in samples using the quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) assay. Native Taq polymerase was successfully used in this study to detect five uidA gene copies (5 fg of genomic DNA) of the uidA gene.

scholarly journals Effect of Screening for Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Carriage by Polymerase Chain Reaction on the Duration of Unnecessary Preemptive Contact Isolation

2008 ◽  
Vol 29 (11) ◽  
pp. 1077-1079 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilker Uçkay ◽  
Hugo Sax ◽  
Anne Iten ◽  
Véronique Camus ◽  
Gesuele Renzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Hospital Readmission ◽  
Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Contact Isolation ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Chromogenic Agar ◽  
Polymerase Chain

A high prevalence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) carriage at hospital readmission among previous MRSA carriers warrants screening and preemptive isolation precautions. The replacement of culture on chromogenic agar with rapid quantitative polymerase chain reaction for readmission screening reduces the number of unnecessary preemptive isolation-days by 54% (from 6.88 to 3.14 isolation-days) and related costs by 45% (from US$113.2 to US$62.1) for patients who test negative for MRSA.

scholarly journals Use of Fluorescence Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) for the Detection of Escherichia coli Adhesion to Pig Intestinal Epithelial Cells

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 619-625 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.H. Dai ◽  
L.N. Gan ◽  
W.U. Qin ◽  
C. Zi ◽  
G.Q. Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial Cells ◽  
Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Relative Number ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Polymerase Chain

AbstractAn efficient and accurate method to testEscherichia coli(E. coli) adhesion to intestinal epithelial cells will contribute to the study of bacterial pathogenesis and the function of genes that encode receptors related to adhesion. This study used the quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) method. qPCR primers were designed from thePILINgene ofE. coliF18ab, F18ac, and K88ac, and the pig β-ACTINgene. Total deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) fromE. coliand intestinal epithelial cells (IPEC-J2 cells) were used as templates for qPCR. The 2−ΔΔCtformula was used to calculate the relative number of bacteria in cultures of different areas. We found that the relative numbers of F18ab, F18ac, and K88ac that adhered to IPEC-J2 cells did not differ significantly in 6-, 12-, and 24-well culture plates. This finding indicated that there was no relationship between the relative adhesion number ofE. coliand the area of cells, so the method of qPCR could accurately test the relative number ofE. coli. This study provided a convenient and reliable testing method for experiments involvingE. coliadhesion, and also provided innovative ideas for similar detection methods.

scholarly journals Harmless treatment method of dead chickens in scale chicken farm

2021 ◽  
Vol 245 ◽  
pp. 02008
Author(s):  
Chunlin Yu ◽  
Bo Xia ◽  
Mohan Qiu ◽  
Longhuan Du ◽  
Zengrong Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Treatment Method ◽  
Poultry Production ◽  
Calcium Hypochlorite ◽  
Chicken Farm ◽  
Practical Guidance ◽  
And Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Total Bacteria ◽  
Better Than

The harmless treatment of dead chickens is an important content in poultry production. This paper compared the effects of the harmless treatment of dead chickens by adding different disinfectants, including quicklime and calcium hypochlorite. The results showed that both quicklime and calcium hypochlorite could increase the total bacteria content, improve the harmless treatment capacity, and shorten the killing time of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. The effect of quicklime was better than that of calcium hypochlorite. The experiment provided practical guidance for harmless treatment of scale chicken farm.

scholarly journals 1237. Review of Implant Surgical Site Infections and Staphylococcus aureus Screening Compliance for 2018 at a Large Healthcare System

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. S446-S446
Author(s):  
Stephanie L Strollo ◽  
Catherine Passaretti
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Healthcare System ◽  
Surgical Site Infections ◽  
Medical Visit ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Screening Programs ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
And Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Substantial Morbidity ◽  
Associated Data

Abstract Background Surgical site infections (SSIs) following hip arthroplasty (THA), knee arthroplasty (TKA) and spinal fusions result in substantial morbidity, mortality and increased cost. Guidelines recommend preoperative Staphylococcus aureus (SA) screening and decolonization; however, there are numerous logistical challenges with implementing this process. We reviewed compliance with SA screening and decolonization practices and relation to THA, TKA, and fusion SSI performance Methods Preoperative SA screening programs and associated data were reviewed for THA, TKA and fusion procedures between September and December 2018 across 9 hospitals in a large healthcare system. Compliance with preoperative SA screening was counted if SA nares culture or polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was completed at any point in the 28 days prior to surgery. This SA screening compliance snapshot was compared with year end 2018 SSI rates per 100 procedures and National Health Safety Network (NHSN) all SSI Standardized Infection Ratio (SIR). All 2018 SSIs were reviewed to determine whether infection was due to SA and for compliance with preoperative SA surveillance. Results Overall preoperative SA screening compliance for September through December 2018 was 49% (32%, 54% and 62% for fusions, THA and TKA respectively). Sixty-nine implant-related SSIs were identified in 2018. 33% were due to SA. 2018 all SSI rate per 100 procedures was 0.78 (1.437 with SIR of 1.05, 0.783 with SIR of 0.67, and 0.315 with SIR 0.45 for fusions, THA and TKA respectively). Only 36% (25/69) of all SSI and 30% (7/23) of SA SSIs had preoperative SA screening completed. (Table 1). While overall preoperative SA screening compliance was poor, day of surgery SA screening with immediate decolonization using nasal iodine was 75% compared with 58% and 44% for those screened at preoperative medical visit or by surgeon order. Conclusion One-third of our implant surgeries were complicated by SSIs due to SA. Overall compliance with preoperative SA screening was poor however SSI rates trended down with higher preoperative SA screening compliance. Better operationalization of preoperative SA screening programs or further data on impact of day of surgery screening and immediate decolonization are needed. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

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