scholarly journals Evaluation of sainfoin (Onobrychis viciifolia) for forage yield and persistence in sainfoin–alfalfa (Medicago sativa) mixtures and under different harvest frequencies

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Bill Biligetu ◽  
Paul G. Jefferson ◽  
Herbert A. Lardner ◽  
Surya N. Acharya
Keyword(s):  
Medicago Sativa ◽  
Condensed Tannins ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Forage Yield ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Onobrychis Viciifolia ◽  
Harvest Frequency ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Field Plots ◽  
Recommended Level

Condensed tannins in sainfoin (Onobrychis viciifolia) improve forage digestion and reduce the risk of ruminant bloat caused by grazing alfalfa (Medicago sativa). The objectives of this study were to evaluate the forage dry matter yield (DMY) and persistence of newer sainfoin cultivars in mixtures with alfalfa, and to determine the impact of harvest frequency on the persistence of sainfoin. Sainfoin cultivars ‘AAC Mountainview’, ‘AAC Glenview’, ‘Delaney’, ‘Shoshone’, and six experimental populations were compared with ‘Nova’ and ‘Melrose’ at Lanigan, SK, from 2016 to 2018. Field plots were seeded in either monocultures of sainfoin at 33 kg·ha−1 or sainfoin–‘AC Grazeland’ alfalfa mixtures at 16:9 kg·ha−1 in alternate rows. Forage DMY was greater (P = 0.001) in mixtures than in sainfoin monocultures in all harvests. The proportion of sainfoin in mixtures at Cut 1 declined from 4.1% to 1.3% of total DMY from 2016 to 2018, and 19.0% to 4.8% in Cut 2, which was less than the recommended level to eliminate ruminant bloat risk. A second field trial was established in 2017 to compare responses of ‘AAC Mountainview’, ‘Nova’, and ‘Shoshone’ sainfoin under one-, two- or three-harvest frequencies in 2018 and 2019. The increase of harvest frequency did not reduce sainfoin stand (%). Stand percentage of ‘AAC Mountainview’ (91%) was greater (P = 0.01) than ‘Nova’ sainfoin (62%). Further agronomic studies focusing on weed control in sainfoin stands and the optimum seeding ratios of sainfoin–alfalfa within the Parkland region of Saskatchewan are needed.

scholarly journals Effect of variety and cutting interval on yield and proximate composition of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) under irrigation in Central Gondar zone, Ethiopia

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alemu Tarekegn Tiruneh ◽  
Dessalegn Gelaye Amsalu ◽  
Kifetew Kesete Adane
Keyword(s):  
Medicago Sativa ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Forage Yield ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Harvest Frequency ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design

Abstract Background Understanding the relationship between dry matter yield production and forage quality throughout the growing season will help to optimize the cutting intervals between harvests in different Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) varieties. An experiment was conducted to assess the effects of harvest frequency on forage yield and quality of 2 improved cultivars (ILRI-6984 and var. DzF-552) of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) in Western Dembia district over 20 months during 2017 and 2018. Four harvest frequencies (every 30, 40, 50 and 60 days) were compared in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with 4 replications. The experiment was laid down in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) in factorial arrangement with four replications. To assess their production potential plant height (cm), number of branches per plant, fresh biomass yield (t ha−1) and dry matter yield (t ha−1) of the forge and its nutrient content were recorded. The data collected was subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA) by using the general linear model (GLM) procedure in Statistical Analysis System (SAS) (2003) version 9.1. Results The results revealed that highest forage dry matter yield was recorded for variety ILRI-6984 harvested every 40 days (26.8 t DM ha−1) and for var. DzF-552 when harvested every 60 days (24.1 t DM ha−1) (P<0.001). While crude protein concentration tended to decline as age at harvest increased, there was little consistency in the pattern. Crude protein yields were also inconsistent across treatments but ILRI-6984 harvested every 40 days produced the highest yields (6.5 t ha−1) (P<0.001). Conclusion These preliminary findings need to be confirmed under field conditions on a large scale along with longer-term studies to examine the longevity of the stands at these harvest frequencies. Irregular harvesting based on stage of maturity should be compared with fixed inter-harvest intervals.

Effect of plant age and cottony snow mold on winter survival of forage grasses

2002 ◽  
Vol 82 (4) ◽  
pp. 701-708 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. F. Hwang ◽  
D. A. Gaudet ◽  
G. D. Turnbull ◽  
K. F. Chang ◽  
R. J. Howard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Forage Yield ◽  
Winter Survival ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Forage Grasses ◽  
Snow Mold ◽  
Red Fescue ◽  
Mold Resistance ◽  
The Impact

The low temperature basidiomycete (LTB, syn. Copribus psychromorbidus Traquair), the causal agent of cottony snow mold, is a major constraint to forage grass survival and productivity in the parkland region of the Canadian prairies under prolonged snow cover (e.g., 160 d). Studies were conducted to establish the level of the snow mold resistance in seven grass species commonly grown in western Canada and to identify the seeding dates that permit grass plants to develop maximum levels of resistance to snow mold. Following attack by the LTB fungus, considerable variation in winter survival and forage yield was observed among the grass species. Smooth brome and meadow brome were most resistant, followed by timothy and creeping red fescue. Tall fescue and orchardgrass were the most susceptible. Controlled-environment and field studies demonstrated that orchardgrass seeded in late spring resulted in greater winter survival and dry matter yield than when seeded in July or August, both in snow mold inoculated and noninoculated treatments. Additional mortality and dry matter yield loss were linked to snow mold injury. These results demonstrated that snow mold injury could reduce winter survival and yield in first-year forage grasses, especially in orchardgrass, and early seeding could reduce the impact of winter stresses. Key words: Grass, orchardgrass, timothy, smooth bromegrass, meadow bromegrass, creeping red fescue

EVALUATION OF ALFALFA CULTIVARS FOR REACTION TO CROWN AND ROOT ROT

1985 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. MICHAUD ◽  
C. RICHARD
Keyword(s):  
Disease Severity ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Forage Yield ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Crown And Root Rot ◽  
Disease Free

Fourteen alfalfa cultivars were grown for 2 yr at three locations and evaluated for forage dry matter yield and crown and root rot. Significant differences were found among cultivars for dry matter yield. All cultivars were affected by crown and root rot, most cultivars showing between 20 and 30% of infected tissues. Differences were observed among as well as within the cultivars for disease severity. The frequency of disease-free plants was less than 1.3% of the plants evaluated. Correlation between root rot index and forage yield was −0.87 [Formula: see text] when data were pooled over years and locations.Key words: Lucerne, root rot, cultivar, yield

Influence of irrigation intervals on dry matter yield, concentration of crude protein, calcium and phosphorus in Lablab purpureus and Sorghum almum fodder in the sudan savanna zone of Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 280-286
Author(s):  
I.R. Muhammad ◽  
B. Abdullahi ◽  
A.K. Mohammed ◽  
R.J Tanko ◽  
M.S. Kallah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Moisture Stress ◽  
Forage Yield ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Lablab Purpureus ◽  
Dual Purpose ◽  
Irrigation Interval ◽  
Sudan Savanna ◽  
Mean Concentration

Irrigation trials were conducted in the late dry season (March to June) with Lublab (Lablab purpureus) and Columbus grass (Sorghum almum) in the Sudan savanna of Nigeria. The objective of this study was to determine the dry matter yield (IDM/ha), crude protein (CP), calcium (Ca) and phosphorus(P) in dual-purpose lablab bean and Sorghum almum at 3 irrigation schedules (5, 7 and 10 days irrigation interval). The results obtained showed dry matter yield in lablab increased (P<0.05) and varied from 1.7 to 11.7 IDM/ha. Calcium and P concentrations differed significantly (P<0.05). Mean CP for the lablab was 15.57%. Dry matter yield obtained for Sorghum almum varied (P<0.05) from 11.07 to 19.6 tDM/ha. Concentration of CP and Ca rose and declined thereafter with a mean concentration of 9.86% for CP und 0.08% for Ca while P declined consistently (P<0.05). Intervals of irrigation days had a relationship (P<0.05) with DM/ha, Ca and P in lablab. The increasing trend in foruye yield with increased irrigation interval showed optimum irrigation interval was not attained. It is therefore recommended that longer irrigation intervals be tried to determine the optimum irrigation interval after which forage yield would be depressed due to moisture stress. From the results of the present study Sorghum almum and lablab would be grown successfully at a 10-day irrigation interval. 

scholarly journals Nitrogen Fixation and Resource Partitioning in Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.), Cicer Milkvetch (Astragalus cicer L.) and Sainfoin (Onobrychis viciifolia Scop.) Using 15N Enrichment under Controlled Environment Conditions

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1438
Author(s):  
Gazali Issah ◽  
Jeff J. Schoenau ◽  
Herbert A. Lardner ◽  
J. Diane Knight
Keyword(s):  
Medicago Sativa ◽  
Resource Partitioning ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Measured Parameter ◽  
Pasture Production ◽  
Soil C ◽  
Onobrychis Viciifolia ◽  
C And N ◽  
Medicago Sativa L ◽  
Astragalus Cicer

Availability of nitrogen (N) limits pasture production. Inclusion of legumes into grass pastures can provide an alternative N source through biological N2 fixation (BNF), and enhance retention and cycling of soil C and N. Despite the use of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.), cicer milkvetch (Astragalus cicer L.) and sainfoin (Onobrychis viciifolia Scop.) in grass-legume pastures to improve forage quality, relative BNF potentials and resource partitioning are unknown. We quantified BNF using 15N isotope dilution and estimated resource partitioning in alfalfa, two cultivars of cicer milkvetch and two cultivars of sainfoin under controlled conditions. Percentage of nitrogen derived from atmosphere followed the order alfalfa (92%) > cicer milkvetch (87%) > sainfoin (81%); corresponding to estimated N contributions of 200, 128 and 65 kg N ha−1 yr−1, respectively, based on total herbage. Root dry matter was 24% to 36% greater than shoot dry matter in all of the legumes, providing substantial below-ground C and N. Cultivars of the same species did not differ in any measured parameter (p > 0.05). Despite the lower BNF in cicer milkvetch and sainfoin compared to alfalfa, their use may not negatively affect stand productivity and C storage.

scholarly journals Forage Value of Some Popcorn (Zea mays L. everta) Genotypes

2021 ◽  
pp. 57-66
Author(s):  
Abdullah Oktem ◽  
Yıldız Kahramanoglu
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Biomass Yield ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Forage Yield ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Yield Values ◽  
Forage Value

In this study, it was aimed to determine forage yield and yield characteristics of some popcorn (Zea mays L. everta) genotypes and find out the using possibilities of popcorn as a feed material. Study was carried out during the second crop growing season under Sanliurfa, Turkey climatic conditions in 2017. The experiment was designed complete randomized blocks design with three replicates. In the research 13 popcorn new genotypes were used as a crop material. In the study, tassel flowering duration values ranged from 52.0 day to 58.0 day, plant height from 161.23 cm to 210.20 cm, leaf number from 11.16 to 13.90 number ear-1, stem diameter from 21.12 mm to 25.39 mm. Also, another characteristic such as height of fist ear value values were between 74.1 cm and 111.4, biomass yield between 5092.9 kg da-1 and 8069.28 kg da-1. Dry matter yield values varied from 1812.28 to 3333.54 kg da-1, harvest index from 17.72% to 41.64%. When the plant height, biomass yield and dry matter yield values evaluated together for forage value of popcorn genotypes it was determined that 5YTR1305, AYCİN R-997, KUM1347 and 235EAD05 popcorn genotypes was found better than others. It was observed that biomass yield in popcorn plant reached 8 tons da-1 and dry matter yield over 3 tons da-1. It has been seen that popcorn can be used as a feed source for livestock animals.

scholarly journals Economic values for evaluating pasture plant traits

2012 ◽  
pp. 209-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.F. Chapman ◽  
J.R. Bryant ◽  
W.H. Mcmillan ◽  
E.N. Khaembah
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Plant Traits ◽  
Cultivar Differences ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Production Traits ◽  
Economic Values ◽  
The Impact

Economic values (EVs) are an estimate of the change in farm system profit per unit of change in a defined plant trait. Cultivars within species such as perennial ryegrass differ in the major production traits of dry matter yield, nutritive value and persistence, but the impact of those differences on farm financial performance is seldom calculated and reported. This paper explains what EVs are, describes how they can be calculated, and discusses some of the associated methodological issues. EVs have been derived for seasonal dry matter yield in New Zealand dairy systems. Extra feed produced in late spring has consistently low economic value, while extra feed produced in early spring has consistently high value. There have been no systematic investigations into the EVs of nutritive value and persistence in New Zealand pastures; this is a clear opportunity for future research. The lack of data on cultivar differences in these traits will restrict the application of EVs to pasture cultivar evaluation. This gap is now being addressed by new industry initiatives. Keywords: pasture cultivars, evaluation, traits, economic values, performance values

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