Barley (Hordeum vulgare) seedling growth declines with increasing exposure to silver nanoparticles in biosolid-amended soils

Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), a component of many consumer products, are considered an environmental risk due to the broad-spectrum toxicity of Ag+ to non-target organisms. Most AgNPs released from consumer products will end up as biosolids in wastewater treatment plants, which are often applied as a fertilizer to agriculture. Land application of biosolids may add AgNPs to the soil–plant system, with unknown consequences. This study investigated the growth of Hordeum vulgare seedlings, Ag bioconcentration and distribution in shoot and root tissues of barley exposed to biosolid-amended Delacour and Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) soils spiked with AgNPs (up to 366 mg Ag kg−1 dry soil). In both soils, root and shoot growth declined linearly as the concentration of AgNPs increased. Barley had higher Ag bioconcentration values when grown in the OECD soil than in the Delacour soil. Silver bioavailability was greater in the OECD soil due to its physicochemical properties, such as low calcium concentration and acidic pH, relative to the Delacour soil. Barley seedlings exhibited morphological changes, including smaller shoots and shorter, thick roots after 14 d exposure to AgNPs. We conclude that plant structural responses, particularly changes in root biomass, could be an early diagnostic of seedling exposure to AgNPs in biosolid-amended soils.

Download Full-text

Functional Attributes of Myco-Synthesized Silver Nanoparticles from Endophytic Fungi: A New Implication in Biomedical Applications

Biology ◽

10.3390/biology10060473 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (6) ◽

pp. 473

Author(s):

Prabu Kumar Seetharaman ◽

Rajkuberan Chandrasekaran ◽

Rajiv Periakaruppan ◽

Sathishkumar Gnanasekar ◽

Sivaramakrishnan Sivaperumal ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Silver Nanoparticles ◽

Culture Filtrate ◽

Morphological Changes ◽

Xrd Analysis ◽

Penicillium Oxalicum ◽

Breast Cancer Cell Lines ◽

Face Centered Cubic ◽

Tem Analysis ◽

X Ray ◽

Average Size

To develop a benign nanomaterial from biogenic sources, we have attempted to formulate and fabricate silver nanoparticles synthesized from the culture filtrate of an endophytic fungus Penicillium oxalicum strain LA-1 (PoAgNPs). The synthesized PoAgNPs were exclusively characterized through UV–vis absorption spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infra-Red spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). The synthesized nanoparticles showed strong absorbance around 430 nm with surface plasmon resonance (SPR) and exhibited a face-centered cubic crystalline nature in XRD analysis. Proteins presented in the culture filtrate acted as reducing, capping, and stabilization agents to form PoAgNPs. TEM analysis revealed the generation of polydispersed spherical PoAgNPs with an average size of 52.26 nm. The PoAgNPs showed excellent antibacterial activity against bacterial pathogens. The PoAgNPs induced a dose-dependent cytotoxic activity against human adenocarcinoma breast cancer cell lines (MDA-MB-231), and apoptotic morphological changes were observed by dual staining. Additionally, PoAgNPs demonstrated better larvicidal activity against the larvae of Culex quinquefasciatus. Moreover, the hemolytic test indicated that the as-synthesized PoAgNPs are a safe and biocompatible nanomaterial with versatile bio-applications.

Download Full-text

Preparation of Silver Nanoparticles and Their Industrial and Biomedical Applications: A Comprehensive Review

Advances in Materials Science and Engineering ◽

10.1155/2015/165257 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2015 ◽

pp. 1-16 ◽

Cited By ~ 86

Author(s):

Adnan Haider ◽

Inn-Kyu Kang

Keyword(s):

Silver Nanoparticles ◽

Biomedical Applications ◽

Consumer Products ◽

Ag Nps ◽

New Techniques ◽

Governing Factor ◽

Wide Range ◽

Microbial Proliferation ◽

Synthetic Routes ◽

Biomedical Fields

Silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) have diverted the attention of the scientific community and industrialist itself due to their wide range of applications in industry for the preparation of consumer products and highly accepted application in biomedical fields (especially their efficacy against microbes, anti-inflammatory effects, and wound healing ability). The governing factor for their potent efficacy against microbes is considered to be the various mechanisms enabling it to prevent microbial proliferation and their infections. Furthermore a number of new techniques have been developed to synthesize Ag-NPs with controlled size and geometry. In this review, various synthetic routes adapted for the preparation of the Ag-NPs, the mechanisms involved in its antimicrobial activity, its importance/application in commercial as well as biomedical fields, and possible application in future have been discussed in detail.

Download Full-text

Toxicity, bioaccumulation and biotransformation of glucose capped silver nanoparticles in green microalgae Chlorella vulgaris

10.21203/rs.3.rs-33984/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Stefania Mariano ◽

Elisa Panzarini ◽

Maria Dias Inverno ◽

Nikolaos Voulvoulis ◽

Luciana Dini

Keyword(s):

Silver Nanoparticles ◽

Chlorella Vulgaris ◽

Waste Treatment ◽

Sea Urchins ◽

Aquatic Organism ◽

Consumer Products ◽

Toxic Substances ◽

Dependent Manner ◽

Green Microalgae ◽

Dose Dependent

Abstract BackgroundSilver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are one of the most widely used nanomaterials in consumer products. When discharged into the aquatic environment AgNPs can cause toxicity to aquatic biota, through mechanisms that are still under debate, thus rendering the NPs effects evaluation a necessary step. Different aquatic organism models, i.e. microalgae, mussels, Daphnia magna, sea urchins and Danio rerio, etc. have been largely exploited for NPs toxicity assessment. On the other hand, alternative biological microorganisms abundantly present in nature, i.e. microalgae, are nowadays exploited as a potential sink for removal of toxic substances from the environment. Indeed, the green microalgae Chlorella vulgaris is one of the most used microorganisms for waste treatment.ResultsWith the aim to verify the possible involvement of C. vulgaris not only as a model microorganism of NPs toxicity but also for the protection toward NPs pollution, we used these microalgae to measure the AgNPs biotoxicity and bioaccumulation. In particular, to exclude any toxicity derived by Ag+ ions release, green chemistry synthesised and Glucose coated AgNPs (AgNPs-G) were used. C. vulgaris actively internalised AgNPs-G whose amount increases in a time and dose-dependent manner. The internalised NPs, found inside large vacuoles, were not released back into the medium, even after 1 week, and did not undergo biotransformation since AgNPs-G maintained their crystalline nature. Biotoxicity of AgNPs-G causes an exposure time and AgNPs-G dose-dependent growth reduction and a decrease in chlorophyll-a amount.ConclusionsThese results confirm C. vulgaris as a biomonitoring organism and also suggest it as a bioaccumulating microalgae for possible use in the environment protection.

Download Full-text

Downward Movement of Potentially Toxic Elements in Biosolids Amended Soils

Applied and Environmental Soil Science ◽

10.1155/2012/145724 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 2012 ◽

pp. 1-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Silvana Irene Torri ◽

Rodrigo Studart Corrêa

Keyword(s):

Groundwater Contamination ◽

Soil Solution ◽

Soil Profile ◽

Toxic Elements ◽

Solid Phase ◽

Land Application ◽

Potentially Toxic Elements ◽

Downward Movement ◽

Amended Soils

Potentially toxic elements (PTEs) in soils are mainly associated with the solid phase, bound to the surface of solid components, or precipitated as minerals. For most PTEs, only a small portion is dissolved in the soil solution. However, there is an interest in following the fate of mobile PTEs in the environment, for a growing amount of evidence indicates that downward movement of PTEs may occur in biosolids amended soils, leading to groundwater contamination. Therefore, it is crucial to understand the factors that control the release of these elements after land application of biosolids, in order to overcome problems related to downward movement of PTEs in the soil profile.

Download Full-text

Morphological changes in lung tissue following the uptake of silver nanoparticles produced by biosynthesis in trained male Wistar rats

Journal of Cell & Tissue ◽

10.52547/jct.11.4.262 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (4) ◽

pp. 262-274

Author(s):

F Pourmand ◽

SJ Ziaolhagh ◽

S Molzemi

Keyword(s):

Silver Nanoparticles ◽

Lung Tissue ◽

Wistar Rats ◽

Morphological Changes ◽

Male Wistar Rats

Download Full-text

Fate and mass balances of triclosan (TCS), tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) and tribromobisphenol A (tri-BBPA) during the municipal wastewater treatment process

Water Quality Research Journal ◽

10.2166/wqrjc.2013.045 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 48 (3) ◽

pp. 255-265 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Kerry McPhedran ◽

Rajesh Seth ◽

Min Song ◽

Shaogang Chu ◽

Robert J. Letcher

Keyword(s):

Wastewater Treatment ◽

Municipal Wastewater ◽

Treatment Process ◽

Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽

Consumer Products ◽

Tetrabromobisphenol A ◽

Municipal Wastewater Treatment ◽

Mass Balances ◽

Wastewater Treatment Process ◽

Detroit River

Municipal wastewater treatment plants (MWTPs) are impacted by down-the-drain influents of anthropogenic chemicals. These chemicals are in consumer products and include the flame retardant tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) and antimicrobial triclosan (TCS). Characterization of the distribution of TBBPA, TCS and the TBBPA product tribromobisphenol A (tri-BBPA) was determined at five stages along the treatment process of a typical Canadian MWTP facility. Overall, the TCS concentrations for both liquid (influents, primary effluents and final effluents (FEs)) and solid samples (primary and waste activated sludges) were similar to reported ranges in the literature. In contrast to TCS, both TBBPA and tri-BBPA concentrations were scarcely available in the literature. The TBBPA concentrations were within literature ranges for both influents and sludges, while the tri-BBPA sludge concentrations were markedly higher than a single available previous study. Mass balances for TCS, TBBPA and tri-BBPA indicated 7, 9 and 42%, respectively, of each chemical remaining in the FEs. The resultant annual mass loadings into the Detroit River were estimated to be 3.3 kg, 6.57 g, and 21.5 g for TCS, TBBPA and tri-BBPA, respectively.

Download Full-text

Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) uptake by alfalfa (Medicago sativa) and bioavailability in Sprague-Dawley rats

Journal of Food Protection ◽

10.4315/jfp-20-389 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Sara J Lupton ◽

Heldur Hakk

Keyword(s):

Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽

Perfluorooctanoic Acid ◽

Organic Content ◽

Consumer Products ◽

Withdrawal Period ◽

Sprague Dawley ◽

Animal Products ◽

The Past ◽

Sprague Dawley Rats ◽

High Organic Content

Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) is a perfluorinated alkyl substance (PFAS) used as surfactant in a wide variety of industrial and consumer products. Over the past decade, concern has increased over the presence of PFOA in biosolids from wastewater treatment plants used as fertilizer on agricultural lands having the potential to enter the food chain. In this study, the uptake of 14C-PFOA from soil by alfalfa was determined, as was the bioavailability of 14C-PFOA-incurred into alfalfa in Sprague-Dawley rats. Alfalfa leaves accumulated PFOA to as high as 4-5 µg/g of dry leaf, approximately 10 times higher than accumulation in the stem. Alfalfa was ground for feeding to 15 female Sprague-Dawley rats (175-200 g). Animals within metabolism cages were fed 10 g of feed (6 g alfalfa + 4 g ground rat chow) twice a day for 14 days (equivalent to 50 ug-PFOA/kg/day). At the end of the feeding period, rats (n=3) were sacrificed at withdrawal days of 0, 3, 7, 11, and 14 days. During the feeding and withdrawal phases, urine and feces were collected daily. At sacrifice, blood, liver, kidney, adipose, muscle, skin, brain, heart, adrenals, spleen, lungs, and thymus were removed and assayed for 14C-PFOA by combustion and LSC analysis. Rats eliminated 72.8 ± 3.4% of the total dose via urine at 14-days, but urinary radioactivity fell below the LOD by day 3 of the withdrawal period. Fecal elimination was 6.5 ± 1.2 % of the dose and fell below the LOD by 2 days of withdrawal. The rapid and high elimination via urine indicates that a majority of the dose was absorbed. The uptake of PFOA into alfalfa was low from a high organic content soil, however, PFOA was highly bioavailable from the alfalfa when used as a feed component for rats. This study provides data for regulators investigating PFOA bioavailability and disposition in animals or animal products exposed to contaminated feed.

Download Full-text

Silver Nanoparticles: Transport and Fate in the Environment

International Supply Chain Technology Journal ◽

10.20545/isctj.v2i08.63 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2 (08) ◽

Author(s):

Kayla Dean ◽

Felicia Jefferson

Keyword(s):

Silver Nanoparticles ◽

Consumer Products ◽

Engineered Nanoparticles ◽

Practical Application ◽

Potential Toxicity ◽

Current State ◽

History Analysis ◽

Potential Risks ◽

Analytical Tools ◽

The Impact

Within the previous few years major advances in the development of nanotechnologies and practical application of artificial nanoparticles (NPs) and nanomaterials (NMs) have resulted. As society becomes further aware that the use of nanomaterials is ever growing in consumer products and their presence in the environment, critical interest on the impact of this emerging technology has grown. A major concern is whether the unknown risks of engineered nanoparticles, in particular, their impact on health and environment, outweighs their established benefits to society. The goal is to evaluate their potential toxicity in the environment. Silver nanoparticles exhibit an important effect on microbial processes in environmental exposures. This study provides a brief review over the current state-of-knowledge about AgNPs from various studies in this area, including the history, analysis, source, transport, fate, and potential risks of AgNPs. In order to fully investigate the transport and fate of AgNPs in the environment, appropriate methods for the pre-concentration, separation, and speciation of AgNPs should be developed, and analytical tools for the characterization and detection of AgNPs in complicated environmental studies must be incorporated.

Download Full-text