Relationships among nutrients, phytoplankton, macrophytes, and fish in prairie wetlands

2003 ◽  
Vol 60 (6) ◽  
pp. 721-730 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyle D Zimmer ◽  
Mark A Hanson ◽  
Malcolm G Butler
Keyword(s):  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Distinct Species ◽  
Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
Phytoplankton Abundance ◽  
Prairie Wetlands ◽  
Submersed Macrophytes ◽  
Algal Abundance ◽  
Partial Redundancy Analysis ◽  
Water Ecosystems ◽  
Partial Redundancy

Phytoplankton abundance and nutrient concentrations in shallow-water ecosystems are influenced by submerged macrophytes, zooplankton, and fish, but few studies have simultaneously assessed the influence of all three variables. We sampled 18 semipermanent prairie wetlands for 5 years to assess influences of minnows, submersed macrophytes, cladocerans, and drainage history on phytoplankton abundance and concentrations of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P). Our macrophyte data reflect the abundance of three distinct species assemblages (Chara, Potamogeton, and Myriophyllum assemblages) typical of these wetlands. Partial redundancy analysis showed only the Chara and Potamogeton assemblages and fish to be significantly related to algal abundance, N, and P. Macrophytes and fish together explained 40% of the total variance, but the Chara assemblage explained threefold, and the Potamogeton assemblage twofold, more variance than did presence/absence of fish. However, relationships with N and P differed for the two groups of macrophytes: P showed a strong negative relationship with both plant assemblages, and N showed a weak negative relationship with Chara but no relationship with Potamogetons. Our results indicate that phytoplankton and nutrient concentrations in prairie wetlands are strongly influenced by submersed macrophytes, although influences may depend on plant community composition.

scholarly journals Effect of land use on mayfly assemblages structure in Neotropical headwater streams

2014 ◽  
Vol 86 (4) ◽  
pp. 1735-1747 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANA EMILIA SIEGLOCH ◽  
MARCIA SURIANO ◽  
MARCIA SPIES ◽  
ALAÍDE FONSECA-GESSNER
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Tropical Rainforest ◽  
Headwater Streams ◽  
Environmental Indicators ◽  
Semideciduous Forest ◽  
Analysis Of Similarity ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Water Ph ◽  
Partial Redundancy Analysis ◽  
Partial Redundancy

The aim of this study was to test the effect of agricultural and forestry land use on the structure of mayfly assemblages in low-order streams. Twenty-nine headwater streams were investigated in the state of São Paulo. We analyzed 15 streams in pristine areas (mixed tropical rainforest, semideciduous forest and dense tropical rainforest), and 14 streams covered with sugarcane, eucalyptus and pasture. Mayfly richness obtained by rarefaction curves was higher in pristine areas (21 genera), especially in mixed and semideciduous forest when compared to land use (9 genera), where values were particularly low in sugarcane plantation (3 genera). The non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) ordination showed clear difference in mayfly assemblages between land uses and pristine areas, supported by analysis of similarity (R=0.67, p=0.001). In partial redundancy analysis (pRDA), the environmental descriptors that best explained differences in assemblage structure were Riparian, Channel and Environmental Inventory (RCE) index score, percentage of fine sediment stream substrate, water pH and land elevation. Our results show that agricultural and forestry land use has a strong negative effect on the structure of mayfly assemblages. These results also support the use of mayflies as environmental indicators, as some genera were sensitive to changes in land use, while others responded to naturally occurring changes in the study area.

scholarly journals Algal photophysiology drives darkening and melt of the Greenland Ice Sheet

2020 ◽  
Vol 117 (11) ◽  
pp. 5694-5705 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher J. Williamson ◽  
Joseph Cook ◽  
Andrew Tedstone ◽  
Marian Yallop ◽  
Jenine McCutcheon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Absorption ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Ice Sheet ◽  
Greenland Ice Sheet ◽  
Short Wave ◽  
Wave Radiation ◽  
Ice Surface ◽  
Meltwater Runoff ◽  
Algal Abundance

Blooms of Zygnematophycean “glacier algae” lower the bare ice albedo of the Greenland Ice Sheet (GrIS), amplifying summer energy absorption at the ice surface and enhancing meltwater runoff from the largest cryospheric contributor to contemporary sea-level rise. Here, we provide a step change in current understanding of algal-driven ice sheet darkening through quantification of the photophysiological mechanisms that allow glacier algae to thrive on and darken the bare ice surface. Significant secondary phenolic pigmentation (11 times the cellular content of chlorophylla) enables glacier algae to tolerate extreme irradiance (up to ∼4,000 µmol photons⋅m−2⋅s−1) while simultaneously repurposing captured ultraviolet and short-wave radiation for melt generation. Total cellular energy absorption is increased 50-fold by phenolic pigmentation, while glacier algal chloroplasts positioned beneath shading pigments remain low-light–adapted (Ek∼46 µmol photons⋅m−2⋅s−1) and dependent upon typical nonphotochemical quenching mechanisms for photoregulation. On the GrIS, glacier algae direct only ∼1 to 2.4% of incident energy to photochemistry versus 48 to 65% to ice surface melting, contributing an additional ∼1.86 cm water equivalent surface melt per day in patches of high algal abundance (∼104cells⋅mL−1). At the regional scale, surface darkening is driven by the direct and indirect impacts of glacier algae on ice albedo, with a significant negative relationship between broadband albedo (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer [MODIS]) and glacier algal biomass (R2= 0.75,n= 149), indicating that up to 75% of the variability in albedo across the southwestern GrIS may be attributable to the presence of glacier algae.

scholarly journals Climatic variables and altitude as predictors of anuran species richness and number of reproductive modes in Brazil

2010 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 423-432 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiago da Silveira Vasconcelos ◽  
Tiago Gomes dos Santos ◽  
Célio Fernando Baptista Haddad ◽  
Denise de Cerqueira Rossa-Feres
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Annual Rainfall ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Anuran Species ◽  
Hand Temperature ◽  
Reproductive Modes ◽  
Total Annual Rainfall ◽  
Partial Redundancy Analysis ◽  
Partial Redundancy

Abstract:Because anuran species are highly dependent on environmental variables, we hypothesized that anuran species richness and the number of reproductive modes from different Brazilian localities vary according to climatic and altitudinal variables. Published data were compiled from 36 Brazilian localities and climatic and altitudinal data were extracted from an available database. A partial redundancy analysis (pRDA) showed that 23.5% of the data set's variation was explained by climatic and altitudinal data, while the remaining 76.5% remained unexplained. This analysis suggests that other factors not analysed herein may also be important for predicting anuran species richness and the number of reproductive modes in Brazil. Altitude and total annual rainfall were positively correlated with anuran species richness and the number of reproductive modes, and total annual rainfall was strongly associated with these two biotic variables in the triplot of pRDA. The positive association of total annual rainfall and the negative association of the concentration of annual rainfall were already expected based on physiological and reproductive requirements of anurans. On the other hand, temperature was not associated with richness or the number of reproductive modes.

scholarly journals Seasonal and interannual variability of phytoplankton abundance and community composition on the Central Coast of California

2020 ◽  
Vol 637 ◽  
pp. 29-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Barth ◽  
RK Walter ◽  
I Robbins ◽  
A Pasulka
Keyword(s):  
Interannual Variability ◽  
Phytoplankton Community ◽  
Coastal Upwelling ◽  
Current System ◽  
Ecosystem Dynamics ◽  
Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
Ecosystem Structure ◽  
Phytoplankton Abundance ◽  
California Current System ◽  
Seasonal And Interannual Variability

Variations in the abundance and composition of phytoplankton greatly impact ecosystem structure and function. Within the California Current System (CCS), phytoplankton community structure is tightly coupled to seasonal variability in wind-driven coastal upwelling, a process that drives changes in coastal water temperatures and nutrient concentrations. Based on approximately a decade (2008-2018) of weekly phytoplankton measurements, this study provides the first characterization of the seasonal and interannual variability of phytoplankton abundance and composition in San Luis Obispo (SLO) Bay, an understudied region within the CCS. Overall, the seasonality of phytoplankton in SLO Bay mirrored that of the larger CCS; diatoms dominated the community during the spring upwelling season, whereas dinoflagellates dominated the community during the fall relaxation period. While we observed considerable interannual variability among phytoplankton taxa, of particular note was the absence of a fall dinoflagellate-dominated period from 2010 through 2013, followed by the return of the fall dinoflagellate-dominated period in 2014. This compositional shift coincided with a major phase shift of both the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) and North Pacific Gyre Oscillation (NPGO). In addition to exerting a strong influence on the seasonality of phytoplankton community succession and transition between diatom- and dinoflagellate-dominated periods, the state of both the PDO and NPGO also influenced the extent to which environmental conditions (temperature and upwelling winds) could predict community type. These results highlight the importance of long-term datasets and the consideration of large-scale climate patterns when assessing local ecosystem dynamics.

scholarly journals MAPKs and HSPs’ Activation of a Natural Daphnia magna Population in a Man-Perturbed Lake: Implications of Ecological Significance

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 283
Author(s):  
Maria Demertzioglou ◽  
Efthimia Antonopoulou ◽  
Dimitra Voutsa ◽  
Argyri Kozari ◽  
Maria Moustaka-Gouni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Daphnia Magna ◽  
Stress Proteins ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Multiple Stressors ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Stress Factors ◽  
Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
Molecular Response ◽  
Phytoplankton Abundance

Natural and anthropogenic pressures in inland waters induce molecular response mechanisms in organisms as a defense against such multiple stressors. We studied, for the first time, the expression of the stress proteins, heat shock proteins (HSP) and mitogen-activated proteins kinase (MAPK), in a Daphnia magna natural population as a response to environmental changes in a heavily modified water body (Lake Koronia, Northern Greece). In parallel, the water physicochemical parameters, nutrients’ concentration and phytoplankton abundance were measured. Our results showed fluctuations of the proteins’ levels (HSP70, HSP90, phospho-p38 MAPK, phospho-p44/42 MAPK) providing evidence of their expression in situ. HSP70 showed an increasing tendency while for HSP90, no tendency was recorded. The MAPKs’ members followed a reverse pattern compared to each other. The differential expression of HSP and MAPK members indicates that D. magna in Lake Koronia experienced stressors such as increasing temperature, salinity and increased nutrient concentrations, high pH values and variations in phytoplankton abundance that triggered their activation. These in situ findings suggest that HSP and MAPK expression patterns have the potential to be used as biomarkers of stress factors in D. magna, for effective biomonitoring and setting ecological restoration targets.

scholarly journals SEASONAL VARIATIONS OF NUTRIENT BUDGETS IN JAKARTA BAY, INDONESIA

2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mochamad Saleh Nugrahadi ◽  
Tetsuo Yanagi ◽  
Iwan G. Tejakusuma ◽  
Seno Aji ◽  
Rahmania A. Darmawan
Keyword(s):  
Suspended Matter ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
Nutrient Budgets ◽  
Phytoplankton Abundance ◽  
Dissolved Nutrients ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Estuarine Coastal ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus

This study aims to quantify the fluxes of carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, and silicate in Jakarta Bay and use these flux data to gain an initial understanding of the biogeochemical processes occurring in the system. We investigated water, suspended matter and sediments fluxes from estuarine, coastal water and outside of the bay. Water samples were analyzed for dissolved nutrients, chlorophyll-phytoplankton abundance, and their composition. Suspended matter and sediment were analyzed for carbon and nitrogen. Nutrient concentrations were high in the rivers or estuaries and then decreased rapidly seaward. Calculation budget results showed that Jakarta Bay is a sink for DIP, DIN and DSi during dry season and rainy season. In the dry season, the system is in the slightly fixation condition ([nfix-denit] = 0.03 mmol N m-2 d-1). In contrast, denitrification exceed nitrogen fixation ([nfix-denit] = -9.74 mmol N m-2 d-1) in the rainy season. Moreover, the bay produced net carbon about 2.6-32 mmol C m-2 d-1.

scholarly journals Spatial and temporal variation and the influence of environmental parameters in a fish community in the Una River, Paraíba do Sul Valley, São Paulo

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (7) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Juliano Rodrigues Honorio ◽  
Itamar Alves Martins
Keyword(s):  
Rainy Season ◽  
Fish Community ◽  
Environmental Parameters ◽  
Sampling Period ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Variation ◽  
Fish Species Composition ◽  
Study Sites ◽  
Partial Redundancy Analysis ◽  
Partial Redundancy ◽  
Dry And Rainy Seasons

Understanding of aspects of the structure of ichthyological communities and how these relate to the environment and its natural variation has been one of the principal objectives of ecological studies conducted in freshwater environments. The objective of this study was to evaluate the relationship between fish species composition in the Una River and environmental variables during dry and rainy seasons. Data collection was done along three stretches of the main channel of the Una River between April 2016 and March 2017. In general, the riverbed presented a high degree of silting in all study sites. A total of 1,534 fish specimens from thirty species were collected. There was greater richness and abundance of species during the rainy season in all sampled areas. A Partial Redundancy Analysis (pRDA) showed a significant correlation between the fish community, substrate composition, and concentrations of dissolved oxygen in the water. The qualitative structure of the ichthyofauna indicated a greater association with environmental structure than with seasonality, since there was a clear tendency for the three stretches of river to group together independent of the sampling period. There were no significant differences between the indices of diversity registered for the dry and rainy seasons. This is due to the dominance of the species Astyanax aff. bimaculatus (two spot Astyanax | lambari-do-rabo-amarelo) and Hypostomus cf. luetkeni (armoured catfish | cascudo), which represented more than half of the collected specimens during the rainy season.

scholarly journals Long-term Changes in Community of Planktonic Algae of the Northeastern Black Sea (2005-2011)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga N. Yasakova ◽  
Pavel R. Makarevich ◽  
Yuri B. Okolodkov
Keyword(s):  
Black Sea ◽  
New Records ◽  
Phytoplankton Abundance ◽  
Planktonic Algae ◽  
Toxic Species ◽  
Kerch Strait ◽  
Open Sea ◽  
Algal Abundance ◽  
Taxonomic Groups

Phytoplankton dynamics in bays and open waters of the northeastern Black Sea was studied in 2005-2011. Species composition comprised 11 classes and 210 species including 19 potentially toxic species and 5 new records for the study area. The maximum species richness was found among dinoflagellates (96 species) and diatoms (78); other major taxonomic groups were represented by a small number of species (2 to 10). The highest abundance of planktonic algae was observed in the Novorossiysk port waters (5.1x105 cells/ L; 1.08 g/m3). Algal abundance and biomass in the bays of Anapa, Gelendzhik and Tuapse were 2 to 5 times less than in the bay of Novorossiysk. Smallcelled mesosaprobic species of diatoms (Skeletonema, Leptocylindrus, Thalassionema and Chaetoceros), euglenophyceans (Eutreptia lanowii), cyanobacteria (Lyngbya and Oscillatoria) and mixotrophic dinoflagellates (Gymnodinium, Heterocapsa, Gyrodinium and Prorocentrum) were found in the bays. Abundance and biomass in the open sea in front of the bays were 1.5-2 times higher than those observed within the bays. The minimum abundance and biomass were observed in the open sea (5.4x104 cells/L, 0.28 g/m3) and the Kerch Strait (9.8x104 cells/L, 0.186 g/m3). In these areas the most significant part of the population (34-40% of phytoplankton abundance) was composed of the nanoplanktonic prymnesiophycean Emiliania huxleyi, the large-celled diatoms Proboscia alata and Pseudosolenia calcar-avis and dinoflagellates of the genus Protoperidinium (up to 45% of phytoplankton biomass).

scholarly journals Spatio-temporal variation of microphytoplankton communities in Obhur Creek, the central Red Sea

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 98-114
Author(s):  
Mohsen M. El-Sherbiny ◽  
Mamdouh A. Al-Harbi ◽  
Anand J. Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Red Sea ◽  
Algal Species ◽  
Open Water ◽  
Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
Phytoplankton Species ◽  
Phytoplankton Abundance ◽  
Physicochemical Factors ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
Study Sites ◽  
Abundance And Distribution

Abstract The abundance and distribution of microphyto-plankton and related physicochemical factors were assessed monthly in Obhur Creek, the central Red Sea. Sampling was carried out near the entrance, the middle and end parts of the creek. During the course of the present study, the Red Sea was characterized by predominantly oligotrophic conditions. Nutrient concentrations were relatively higher in the end part of the creek compared to the two other study sites. Chlorophyll a was also low throughout the year (average: 0.35 ± 0.32 mg m−3), except in May when it showed clear peaks at open-water and middle sites of the creek (1.85 and 1.04 mg m−3, respectively). Phytoplankton abundance followed a similar pattern to that of chlorophyll a with considerably higher abundance at these sites in May (3063.27 × 103 and 1082.34 × 103 individuals m−3, respectively). This unusually higher abundance was mostly due to the proliferation of the diatom Pseudo-nitzschia cf. delicatissima (Cleve) Heiden. Silicate concentrations were statistically significantly correlated with total phytoplankton. A total of 220 phytoplankton species were recorded during the study period (117 diatoms, 99 dinoflagellates and four cyanophytes). Diatoms dominated in the phytoplankton abundance (75%) and were followed by dinoflagellates (20%), while cyanophytes accounted for a minimal proportion. Of all phytoplankton species observed during the study, 21 diatom and four dinoflagellate species were considered as new records for the Red Sea, and two diatom and 14 dinoflagellate species were listed as harmful algal species worldwide.

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