Age- and Sex-Specific Survival of Northern Grand Bank Capelin (Mallotus villosus)

1994 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 642-649 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy L. Shackell ◽  
Peter A. Shelton ◽  
John M. Hoenig ◽  
James E. Carscadden
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rates ◽  
Linear Least Squares ◽  
Mallotus Villosus ◽  
Specific Behavior ◽  
Survival Estimate ◽  
Average Survival ◽  
Capelin Mallotus Villosus ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Mature Fish ◽  
Immature Fish

Age-specific, sex-specific survival rates for immature and mature capelin (Mallotus villosus) were estimated by linear least-squares models, using abundance data derived from annual acoustic/trawl research surveys conducted from 1982 to 1990 on the northern Grand Bank. Survival estimates for age 2 immature fish were comparable between sexes (annual survival equals approximately 40%). Survival estimates for age 4 mature fish differed between sexes, with females having a higher (25–51%) average survival estimate than males (6%). Survival estimates for immature and mature age 3 fish were equivocal; immature males and females had comparable rates (30.3–32.3 and 15.2–26.6%, respectively) whereas a greater proportion of mature females (25–50%) survived than of mature males (2.5–13%). The stated ranges denote survival estimates including and excluding an influential data point, respectively. Higher average survival of mature females than of mature males may be a result of sex-specific behavior during beach spawning. The average annual contribution of surviving mature females to the total number of female spawners was estimated as 24–47%.

Effects of fish length and temperature on the timing of peak spawning in capelin (Mallotus villosus)

1997 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 781-787 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Carscadden ◽  
B S Nakashima ◽  
K T Frank
Keyword(s):  
Adult Survival ◽  
Data Series ◽  
Fish Length ◽  
Mallotus Villosus ◽  
Sea Temperature ◽  
Capelin Mallotus Villosus ◽  
Spawning Time ◽  
Mature Fish ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Gonad Production

Some characteristics of Newfoundland capelin (Mallotus villosus) changed during 1991-1994. Peak spawning times were later than most years in the 1980s and fish were smaller. These changes occurred during a period of below-normal sea temperatures. We tested the effects of sea temperatures during maturation and mean size of mature fish on peak spawning times using regression analysis and found significant negative relationships for both independent variables. Results of a stepwise regression showed that fish length and sea temperature during maturation were equally important and together explained about 80% of the spawning time variation. We suggest that maturation and migration are closely linked to seasonal warming and the zooplankton cycle. Given the high spawning mortality of capelin, it seems that this linkage favours maximum gonad production rather than adult survival. Knowledge of spring water temperatures would permit some prediction of capelin spawning time. However, the data series for mean length used in this analysis is not useful for predicting spawning time.

scholarly journals Biological parameters of immature, ripening, and non-reproductive, mature northeast Arctic cod in 1984–2006

2010 ◽  
Vol 67 (9) ◽  
pp. 2033-2041 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia A. Yaragina
Keyword(s):  
Barents Sea ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Biological Parameters ◽  
Arctic Cod ◽  
Stock Biomass ◽  
Spawning Stock ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Mature Fish ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Immature Fish

Abstract Yaragina, N. A. 2010. Biological parameters of immature, ripening, and non-reproductive, mature northeast Arctic cod in 1984–2006. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 67: 2033–2041. Russian samples of cod caught in the Barents Sea during November–February, the period of migration to the overwintering and spawning grounds, were re-analysed by grouping the maturity stages recorded in three classes: immature, ripening, and apparently mature fish, with gonads of uncertain status. When treated by age class and gender, these three classes were characterized by significant differences in size (length and weight) and condition (somatic and a liver index). Within an age group, the group with uncertain status was on average consistently larger than the ripening fish and the latter group was on average larger than the immature component. However, in terms of condition, fish of uncertain status resembled the immature fish. Males and females displayed very similar patterns, although the levels were consistently lower for the former. The patterns are consistent with the interpretation that the gonads of uncertain status represent non-reproductive, mature fish. At the population level, the percentage of mature fish that presumably skip spawning varied annually between 4 and 21%, but this has little effect on the perception of the overall development in spawning-stock biomass. No correlation was found between the non-reproductive fraction and environmental factors examined.

Beach and demersal spawning in capelin (Mallotus villosus) on the northeast Newfoundland coast: egg developmental rates and mortality

2012 ◽  
Vol 90 (2) ◽  
pp. 248-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.M. Penton ◽  
G.K. Davoren ◽  
W.A. Montevecchi ◽  
D.W. Andrews
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Development ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Mallotus Villosus ◽  
The North ◽  
Spawning Site ◽  
Slow Development ◽  
Capelin Mallotus Villosus ◽  
Developmental Rates ◽  
Incubation Temperatures ◽  
Limited Oxygen

Timing of spawning and site selection in fish are important fitness-related traits that ultimately influence reproductive success. Capelin ( Mallotus villosus (Müller, 1776)), a key forage fish in the north Atlantic, spawn eggs that adhere to sediments on beaches and in demersal (deep-water) habitats throughout their geographic range, resulting in divergent thermal regimes for the incubating eggs. We compare the timing and duration of spawning of capelin and its influence on the developmental and survival rates of eggs between a beach and a demersal spawning site on the northeast Newfoundland coast in 2004 and 2005. Spawning events at the beach were at least 10 days earlier and shorter (2–3 days) relative to the demersal site (8–12 days). Hourly and mean daily incubation temperatures at the beach were higher and more variable relative to the demersal site, resulting in two distinct developmental strategies: low to high mortality and rapid development (beach) versus low mortality and slow development (demersal). Higher egg mortality at beach sites was explained by higher and more variable temperatures and potentially limited oxygen replenishment relative to demersal sites. The divergent biology of beach and demersally spawned eggs suggest that each will respond differently to environmental change and, thus, require different approaches for successful management.

scholarly journals Early life growth is affecting timing of spawning in the semelparous Barents Sea capelin (Mallotus villosus)

2021 ◽  
pp. 102614
Author(s):  
Florian Berg ◽  
Samina Shirajee ◽  
Arild Folkvord ◽  
Jane Aanestad Godiksen ◽  
Georg Skaret ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Life ◽  
Barents Sea ◽  
Mallotus Villosus ◽  
Capelin Mallotus Villosus ◽  
Timing Of Spawning

Channel head dynamics: capelin (Mallotus villosus) aggregation in the tidally driven upwelling system of the Saguenay - St. Lawrence Marine Park's whale feeding ground

2002 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 197-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yvan Simard ◽  
Diane Lavoie ◽  
François J Saucier
Keyword(s):  
Circulation Model ◽  
Feeding Strategies ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Balaenoptera Acutorostrata ◽  
Mallotus Villosus ◽  
Tidal Dynamics ◽  
Lawrence Estuary ◽  
Fin Whale ◽  
Capelin Mallotus Villosus ◽  
Tidally Driven

Capelin (Mallotus villosus) tridimensional distribution at the head of the Laurentian Channel in the St. Lawrence estuary was investigated using 38- and 120-kHz acoustic surveys in the summers of 1994, 1995, 1997, and 1998. The results are interpreted with the help of a high-resolution tridimensional tidal circulation model. Total biomasses were small (93–4583 t) and showed rapid fluctuations, whereas mesoscale distribution was more constant. Capelin tended to occupy the very end of the channel head, especially the slopes and shallows surrounding the basins. This pattern did not coincide with the krill distribution, but the two total biomass series were significantly correlated. Capelin tidal dynamics is characterized by herding of capelin against the channel head slopes by the starting flooding currents, followed by an upwelling over the sills and shallows during maximum flood currents, and a return to the channel by the surface outflow during ebb. Each side of the channel head has a distinct capelin retention tidal cycle involving passive advection, swimming, and the two-layer estuarine circulation. This capelin distribution and tidal dynamics closely match the local fin whale (Balaenoptera physalus) and minke whale (Balaenoptera acutorostrata) distributions observed from the whale-watching fleet and typical tidal feeding strategies at the channel head.

scholarly journals The Relationship between State of Maturity and Chemical Composition of the Whiting, Gadus merlangus L

1928 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 207-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. O. Bull
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Liver Fat ◽  
Mature Fish ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Immature Fish

In the whiting, no significant changes occur in the composition of the muscle substance, either throughout the year, or with increasing age, or during ripening of the gonads.The amount of fat in the liver is very low in immature fishes, increasing greatly with age, and reaching its maximum just after the commencement of the ripening of the gonads. It then falls off, reaching its lowest value amongst mature fishes in the “Spent” stages. Males are richer in liver fat than females.Immature fish have a decidedly higher protein content in the liver than have mature fish.

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