Genetic Comparison Between Pacific Herring (Clupea pallasi) and a Norwegian Fjord Stock of Atlantic Herring (Clupea harengus)

1994 ◽  
Vol 51 (S1) ◽  
pp. 233-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. E. Jørstad ◽  
G. Dahle ◽  
O. I. Paulsen
Keyword(s):  
Sequence Divergence ◽  
Restriction Enzymes ◽  
Clupea Harengus ◽  
Pacific Herring ◽  
Atlantic Herring ◽  
Genetic Studies ◽  
Clupea Pallasi ◽  
Nucleotide Sequence Divergence ◽  
Norwegian Fjord ◽  
Spawning Behaviour

Genetic studies on populations of Atlantic herring (Clupea harengus L.) in Norwegian seawaters have revealed a number of genetically distinct fjord populations. One population in Balsfjord in northern Norway was nearly fixed for several alleles that were very rare in the Atlanto-Scandian herring stock. A comparison with a sample of Pacific herring (Clupea pallasi) from British Columbia demonstrated that these alleles were identical to the more common alleles in this species. Genetic distance estimates based on six polymorphic loci demonstrated that Balsfjord herring were more similar to Pacific herring. Balsfjord and Pacific herring were also similar in vertebrae number and spawning behaviour. Restriction fragment analyses of mitochondrial DNA using five restriction enzymes revealed distinct clones that separated different herring groups. Nucleotide sequence divergence among groups was small.

scholarly journals Adult body growth and reproductive investment vary markedly within and across Atlantic and Pacific herring: a meta-analysis and review of 26 stocks

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thassya C. dos Santos Schmidt ◽  
Doug E. Hay ◽  
Svein Sundby ◽  
Jennifer A. Devine ◽  
Guðmundur J. Óskarsson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Egg Size ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Reproductive Investment ◽  
Body Growth ◽  
Clupea Harengus ◽  
Pacific Herring ◽  
Atlantic Herring ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Investment In Reproduction

AbstractLife-history traits of Pacific (Clupea pallasii) and Atlantic (Clupea harengus) herring, comprising both local and oceanic stocks subdivided into summer-autumn and spring spawners, were extensively reviewed. The main parameters investigated were body growth, condition, and reproductive investment. Body size of Pacific herring increased with increasing latitude. This pattern was inconsistent for Atlantic herring. Pacific and local Norwegian herring showed comparable body conditions, whereas oceanic Atlantic herring generally appeared stouter. Among Atlantic herring, summer and autumn spawners produced many small eggs compared to spring spawners, which had fewer but larger eggs—findings agreeing with statements given several decades ago. The 26 herring stocks we analysed, when combined across distant waters, showed clear evidence of a trade-off between fecundity and egg size. The size-specific individual variation, often ignored, was substantial. Additional information on biometrics clarified that oceanic stocks were generally larger and had longer life spans than local herring stocks, probably related to their longer feeding migrations. Body condition was only weakly, positively related to assumingly in situ annual temperatures (0–30 m depth). Contrarily, body growth (cm × y−1), taken as an integrator of ambient environmental conditions, closely reflected the extent of investment in reproduction. Overall, Pacific and local Norwegian herring tended to cluster based on morphometric and reproductive features, whereas oceanic Atlantic herring clustered separately. Our work underlines that herring stocks are uniquely adapted to their habitats in terms of trade-offs between fecundity and egg size whereas reproductive investment mimics the productivity of the water in question.

Sequence variation in the ribosomal DNA of Pacific (Clupea pallasi) and Atlantic herring (Clupea harengus)

1996 ◽  
Vol 53 (11) ◽  
pp. 2418-2423 ◽  
Author(s):  
M J Domanico ◽  
R B Phillips ◽  
J F Schweigert
Keyword(s):  
Ribosomal Dna ◽  
Sequence Variation ◽  
Clupea Harengus ◽  
Atlantic Herring ◽  
Clupea Pallasi

Distribution and Characteristics of Herring Spawning Grounds and Description of Spawning Behavior

1985 ◽  
Vol 42 (S1) ◽  
pp. s39-s55 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. W. Haegele ◽  
J. F. Schweigert
Keyword(s):  
San Francisco ◽  
Puget Sound ◽  
Japan Sea ◽  
Kamchatka Peninsula ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Clupea Harengus ◽  
Physical Contact ◽  
Pacific Herring ◽  
Atlantic Herring ◽  
Spawning Grounds

Pacific herring (Clupea harengus pallasi) are winter–spring spawners which exhibit a south to north latitudinal dine in spawning time. In the eastern Pacific, major spawning populations are concentrated near San Francisco, in Puget Sound, and along the coasts of British Columbia and southeastern Alaska. In the Bering Sea, herring spawn in Alaska and along the Kamchatka Peninsula. In the western Pacific, herring spawn in the Sea of Okhotsk and the Japan Sea. Atlantic herring (Clupea harengus harengus) consist of both winter–spring and summer–autumn spawning groups characterized in the northeast Atlantic by oceanic, shelf, and coastal populations. The oceanic group are large migratory fish spawning off the coasts of Norway and Iceland. The shelf group includes the various locally migratory North Sea populations adjacent to the British Isles. The coastal groups consist of smaller fish restricted to the Baltic and White seas. In the northwest Atlantic, spawning occurs from northern Labrador to Virginia with spring spawners predominating in the north and fall spawners in the south. Herring typically congregate near their spawning grounds for several weeks to months prior to spawning. Temperature is one of the factors that determine when spawning occurs. The Atlantic herring exhibits sexual dimorphism in the spawning act with only the female interacting with the spawning substrate. Both sexes of the Pacific herring make physical contact with the substrate on which the adhesive eggs are deposited. Spawning grounds are located in high-energy environments, either nearshore for spring spawners or in tidally active areas for fall spawners. Spawn is deposited on marine vegetation or on bottom substrate, such as gravel, which is free from silting. The eggs are tolerant to temperatures in the range of 5–14 °C and salinities in the range of 3–33‰. Egg mortality results mostly from suffocation due to high egg densities and silting, predation, and, in intertidal spawn, from stresses imposed by exposure to air and from egg loss by wave action.

scholarly journals Elemental Inventory in Fish Otoliths Reflects Natal Origin of Atlantic Herring (Clupea harengus) From Baltic Sea Juvenile Areas

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dorothee Moll ◽  
Paul Kotterba ◽  
Klaus Peter Jochum ◽  
Lena von Nordheim ◽  
Patrick Polte
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Clupea Harengus ◽  
Atlantic Herring ◽  
Natal Origin ◽  
Fish Otoliths

scholarly journals Isolation of viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus from Atlantic herring Clupea harengus from the English Channel

1997 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 81-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
PF Dixon ◽  
S Feist ◽  
E Kehoe ◽  
L Parry ◽  
DM Stone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clupea Harengus ◽  
Atlantic Herring ◽  
English Channel ◽  
Haemorrhagic Septicaemia ◽  
Viral Haemorrhagic Septicaemia Virus

Interaction Between Stock Area, Stock Abundance, and Catchability Coefficient

1985 ◽  
Vol 42 (5) ◽  
pp. 989-998 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. H. Winters ◽  
J. P. Wheeler
Keyword(s):  
Stock Assessment ◽  
Population Decline ◽  
Clupea Harengus ◽  
Atlantic Herring ◽  
Population Abundance ◽  
Commercial Catch ◽  
Standard Manner ◽  
Clupea Harengus Harengus ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Stock Abundance

The relationship between commercial catch-rates and population density upon which many stock assessment models depend assumes that stock area (A) is constant and independent of population abundance. Starting from a theoretical demonstration that the catchability coefficient (q) is inversely proportional to A, we establish the empirical basis of this relationship through comparisons of q and A of various Northwest Atlantic herring (Clupea harengus harengus) stocks and, in more detail, for Fortune Bay herring. For these stocks the relationship was of the form q = cA−b. For Atlantic herring stocks, levels of b were in excess of 0.80. In Fortune Bay herring, reductions in abundance were accompanied by proportional reductions in A, which in turn was inversely correlated with changes in q. School size, measured as catch per set, also declined as population levels declined but the change was not proportional. Published findings indicate that pelagic stocks in particular, and fish stocks in general, exhibit a common response of reductions in A with interactive increases in the q during periods of rapid population decline. We conclude that the conventional assumption of a constant stock area is usually violated due to the systematic interaction between A and population abundance which is reflected in an inverse relationship between stock abundance and q. Calibration of sequential population models should therefore be restricted to research vessel data collected in a standard manner and covering the distributional area of the stock.

Ultrastructural Studies of Piscine Erythrocytic Necrosis (PEN) in Atlantic Herring (Clupea harengus harengus)

1978 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 148-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul W. Reno ◽  
Marie Philippon-Fried ◽  
Bruce L. Nicholson ◽  
Stuart W. Sherburne
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Clupea Harengus ◽  
Type I ◽  
Atlantic Herring ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Inclusion Type ◽  
Cytoplasmic Inclusions ◽  
Ultrastructural Studies ◽  
Clupea Harengus Harengus

Erythrocytes of PEN-positive Atlantic herring (Clupea harengus harengus) were examined to determine their ultrastructure. Cytoplasmic inclusions were of two types when observed under the electron microscope. The first type (type I) appeared coarsely granular, electron dense, round, and up to 1.5 μm in diameter. Virions were closely associated with this type of inclusion. The second type of inclusion (type II) had approximately the same appearance as the surrounding cytoplasm, from which it was separated by a discrete membrane, and was variable in size. Virions were not intimately associated with type II inclusions. Virions occurred singly or in clusters within the cytoplasm or in association with type I inclusions and were hexagonal and 145 nm in diameter. Virions were composed of a rigid hexagonal capsid 8 nm wide, a lighter 16-nm region, and a core 100 nm in diameter. The virus of PEN is presumptively classified as an Iridovirus. Key words: ultrastructure, erythrocytes, virology

In-situ observations of Baltic herring (Clupea harengus membras) spawning behaviour in the Ask�-Landsort area, northern Baltic proper

1983 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Aneer ◽  
G. Florell ◽  
U. Kautsky ◽  
S. Nellbring ◽  
L. Sj�stedt
Keyword(s):  
Clupea Harengus ◽  
Baltic Herring ◽  
Spawning Behaviour ◽  
Baltic Proper ◽  
In Situ Observations
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