RELATIONSHIP OF TAXA IN THE GENUS MEDICAGO AS REVEALED BY HYBRIDIZATION. V. SECTION INTERTEXTAE

1971 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 335-346 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Lesins ◽  
S. M. Singh ◽  
A. Erac
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Fertility ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Seed Color ◽  
White Patch ◽  
Separate Species ◽  
Hereditary Material ◽  
Independent Segregation ◽  
Pleiotropic Action ◽  
Black Seeds ◽  
Relationship Of

Urban (1873) characterized Medicago L. division Intertextae Urb. as having black seeds. An exception to this was found among M. granadensis Willd.; there were accessions with black as well as with brown seeds. Black seed color was dominant over brown and segregated in F2 in ratio 3:1. Two other M. granadensis marker characters: colored vs. green stems, hairy stems vs. smooth stems similarly segregated in a 3:1 ratio, the first named characters being dominant. The colored and white patch in the middle of leaflets appeared to be determined by a gene P for patching, a gene C being responsible for the presence of color. No recombinations were found between colored patch in leaflets, colored stems, and black seeds, indicating that there is only one gene for color with pleiotropic action, or that the genes are closely linked M. granadensis did not hybridize with M. intertexta and M. ciliaris. It clearly is a separate species.M. intertexta Mill., M. ciliaris All. and M. muricoleptis Tin. could be intercrossed. Marker characters, red basal patch vs. no patch in leaflets and hairs vs. no hairs on pods, segregated in F2 in a normal 3:1 ratio, the first named characters being dominant, Segregation did not indicate that there was any linkage between the two characters. Seed weight difference was determined by two genes acting in an additive manner. Distribution of leaf marking in seed weight classes indicated an independent segregation. Pollen fertility of F1's was less than 50%. There were observed irregularities in 30% of meiotic metaphases studied in F1 of M. muricoleptis × M. ciliaris. Because of some interbreeding barrier the taxa may be considered separate species though their hereditary material can be interchanged.

RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN SEED COLOR AND VIABILITY, GERMINATION AND SEEDLING GROWTH OF WILD SAFFLOWER ECOTYPES

1976 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 911-917 ◽  
Author(s):  
ABDOLLAH BASSIRI ◽  
MANOUCHEHR KHERADNAM
Keyword(s):  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Soil Salinity ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Seed Color ◽  
Seedling Length ◽  
Viability Percentage ◽  
Black Seeds ◽  
Seed Coats ◽  
Wild Safflower

Seed of wild safflower (Carthamus oxyacantha Bieb.) ecotypes were collected from six different locations. The proportion of white, gray and black seeds, viability percentage and 1,000-seed weight were determined. The proportion of gray seeds differed in different locations. The seed coats of white seeds were thinner than those of colored seeds and white seeds were smaller than dark seeds. The viability of the seed from locations with high soil salinity was low. The germination percentage and seedling lengths of scarified and non-scarified seeds of each ecotype grouped according to color were determined after 7 days at 18 ± 2 C. Significant differences were found among ecotypes for germination percentage and seedling length. Scarification improved germination but did not affect seedling length. Germination was highest in non-scarified white seeds but when seeds were scarified, black and gray seeds had the highest germinations.

INFLUENCE OF IRRIGATION AND SEEDING RATES ON YIELD AND YIELD COMPONENTS OF BRASSICA NAPUS CV. TOWER

1978 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 731-737 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. CLARKE ◽  
G. M. SIMPSON
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Plant Morphology ◽  
Yield Component ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Number Of Seeds

An analysis of the yield components of rape (Brassica napus L.) was carried out under field conditions for 2 yr at Saskatoon. Plant morphology and the crop environment were altered by the use of four planting densities and three water regimes. The number of branches per plant was scarcely affected by irrigation, but was reduced by high seeding rates. Number of pods per plant was increased by irrigation and reduced by high seeding rates. The number of seeds per pod was increased by irrigation, but reduced by high seeding rates. The 1,000-seed weight was increased both by irrigation and increased seeding rate, as was seed yield. Yield was positively correlated with 1,000-seed weight in both years. Yield component compensation was evident in the relationship of 1,000-seed weight to pod number and number of seeds per pod.

RELATIONSHIP OF TAXA IN THE GENUS MEDICAGO AS REVEALED BY HYBRIDIZATION. VI. M. LACINIATA × M. SAUVAGEI

1972 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 823-828 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. M. Singh ◽  
K. Lesins
Keyword(s):  
Seedling Mortality ◽  
Separate Species ◽  
Cytoplasmic Factor ◽  
Chlorophyll Deficiency ◽  
Normal Green ◽  
Leaf Character ◽  
Close Phylogenetic Relationship ◽  
Poor Seed ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Serrate Margin

Medicago laciniata (L) Mill. and M. sauvagei Nègre were intercrossed in both directions. The F1's of the cross M. sauvagei ♂ × M. laciniata ♀ were chlorophyll deficient, and F1's of the reciprocal cross were normal green, indicating cytoplasmic influence. In the F2 of chlorophyll deficient F1's, segregation for chlorophyll deficiency took place, revealing interaction of cytoplasmic factor/s with gene/s of M. laciniata. Some transmission of the cytoplasmic factor through pollen of M. sauvagei was indicated by somatic chlorophyll deficiency in sectors of a few leaves of F1's of M. laciniata ♂ × M. sauvagei ♀. The serrate margin leaf character of M. sauvagei and the apical coil spininess of M. laciniata were transmitted as recessives. Because of the poor seed set in F1's and high seedling mortality of F2's, the number of genes determining these characters is not certain. The two taxa are considered separate species because of low interfertility; their close phylogenetic relationship, however, is indicated by normal meiosis in F1's and by hybridization.

Relationship of Seed Weight to Germination of Six Grasses

1969 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norman E. Green ◽  
Richard M. Hansen
Keyword(s):  
Seed Weight ◽  
Relationship Of

A hidden basidiolichen rediscovered: Omphalina oreades is a separate species in the genus Lichenomphalia (Basidiomycota: Agaricales: Hygrophoraceae)

2017 ◽  
Vol 49 (5) ◽  
pp. 467-481 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert LÜCKING ◽  
R. Greg THORN ◽  
Irja SAAR ◽  
Michele D. PIERCEY-NORMORE ◽  
Bibiana MONCADA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Subunit ◽  
Algal Species ◽  
Nuclear Ribosomal Dna ◽  
Type Collection ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Separate Species ◽  
Sister Clade ◽  
Coccomyxa Subellipsoidea ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractMolecular studies have shown the type collection of Omphalina oreades to be conspecific with a small brown basidiolichen from the Appalachian range in Newfoundland, both with 4-spored basidia. Two sequences deposited in GenBank, originally identified as O. grisella, fell in the same clade. Sequences of the type collection of Omphalia grisella, with 2-spored basidia, formed a sister clade together with two GenBank deposits, one identified as O. grisella and the other as Omphalina velutina. Omphalina oreades is recombined here as Lichenomphalia oreades comb. nov., and the species redescribed and illustrated. Sequences of the internal transcribed spacer regions of nuclear ribosomal DNA (ITS rDNA) from the algae associated with two collections of L. oreades fell within a highly supported clade with members of an undetermined species of Coccomyxa. The most abundant algal ribosomal large subunit sequence from granules at the base of a different collection matched GenBank sequences identified as Chloroidium ellipsoideum, which is probably either a free-living algal species or a partner to a species of Trapeliopsis. The second most abundant sequence matched Coccomyxa subellipsoidea and is the most likely photobiont of L. oreades. Further studies are required to elucidate the relationship of L. velutina to these taxa.

scholarly journals Kendali Genetik Karakter Morfologi dan Agronomi pada Tiga Populasi Sorgum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench)

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 285
Author(s):  
Trikoesoemaningtyas , ◽  
Desta Wirnas ◽  
Ery Leonardo Saragih ◽  
Erin Puspita Rini ◽  
Mayang Sari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Weight ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Dominant Gene ◽  
Descent Method ◽  
Seed Color ◽  
Agronomic Characters ◽  
F2 Population ◽  
Parental Lines ◽  
F2 Generation ◽  
Single Seed Descent Method

<p align="center"><strong>ABSTRACT</strong></p><p align="center"><strong> </strong></p>Sorghum is one of the potential foods with a higher protein content than rice. Sorghum seeds can be milled and cooked as sorghum rice. This study was aimed to obtain information on the inheritance of morphological and agronomic characters from the population derived from crosses of wide genetic background. The study consisted of the formation of F1 population and evaluation of morphological and agronomic characters in the segregated population (F2) of the three selected F1 genotypes. The location of the research was at IPB Experimental Field, Leuwikopo. The performance of the F1 genotypes were between the two parents, except for the yield components of PI-150-20-A x Numbu and PI-150-20-A x Kawali were higher than the parental lines. The performance of the F2 generation population was also between the parental lines, but with a wider distribution. The sorghum seed color is controlled not only by additive and dominant gene action, but also by epistatic gene action. The character of seed weight per panicle is controlled by epistatic gene action. In the F2 population of the crosses of PI-150-20-A x Numbu and PI-150-20-A x Kawali and PI-10-90-A x Numbu, the seed weight character is inherited with moderate heritability value. Based on genes action dan heritability, bulk or single seed descent method are suitable for yield improvement of the populations.<br /><br />Keywords: gene action, heritability, seed color, segregation, sorghum<br /><br /><br />

scholarly journals Benchmarking Nutraceutical Soybean Composition Relative to Protein and Oil

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Constanza S. Carrera ◽  
Fernando Salvagiotti ◽  
Ignacio A. Ciampitti
Keyword(s):  
Seed Weight ◽  
Protein Concentration ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Total Tocopherol ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Soybean Breeding ◽  
Oil Concentration ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Upper Boundary

The aim of this study was to explore relationships between protein, oil, and seed weight with seed nutraceutical composition, focused on total isoflavone (TI) and total tocopherol (TT) contents across genotypic and environmental combinations in soybean. We conducted a synthesis-analysis of peer-reviewed published field studies reporting TI, TT, protein, oil, and seed weight (n = 1,908). The main outcomes from this synthesis-analysis were: (i) relationship of TI-to-protein concentration was positive, though for the upper boundary, TI decreases with increases in protein; (ii) relationship of TT-to-oil concentration was positive, but inconsistent when oil was expressed in mg per seed; and (iii) as seed weight increased, TI accumulation was less than proportional relative to protein concentration and TT decreased more proportional relative to oil concentration. Association between nutraceuticals and protein, oil, and seed weight for soybean reported in the present study can be used as a foundational knowledge for soybean breeding programs interested on predicting and selecting enhanced meal isoflavone and/or oil tocopherol contents.

Memoirs: The Revision, Systematic Position, and Origin of Diplodinium (Polyplastron) multivesiculatum and Diplodinium (Polyplastron) Bubali

1935 ◽  
Vol s2-78 (309) ◽  
pp. 31-49
Author(s):  
P. WERTHEIM
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Position ◽  
The Body ◽  
Zoological Nomenclature ◽  
Geographical Isolation ◽  
Separate Species ◽  
The Family ◽  
Contractile Vacuoles ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Phylogenetical Relationship

In revising the species of the Diplodinium (sub-genus Polyplastron) the author comes to the conclusion that on the basis of the generic criteria in the family Ophryoscolecidae, two distinct genera cannot be erected as was done by Kofoid and MacLennan (the genera Polyplastron and Elytro -plastron). On the contrary it is justifiable to include both of these species in Polyplastron (Dogiel, 1927) as a subgenus of the genus Diplodinium. In conformity with the international rules of zoological nomenclature, the correct names of both species in question are as follows: D. (Polyplastron) multivesiculatum Dogiel and Fedorowa, 1925, D. (Polyplastron) hegneri Becker and Talbott, 1927. Evidence is put forward to show how incorrect is the erection of Dogiel's aberrations P. multivesiculatum ‘confluens’ (monoscutum) and P. multivesiculatum ‘fenestratum’ into separate species, and how these forms are to be considered only as individual varieties. These views are supported by the author's own investigations on live and fixed (stained) material. The author agrees with Kofoid and MacLennan that Polyplastron had evolved from forms related to D. (Eudiplodinium) affine, and brings forward arguments resulting from his investigations as to how this relation can be clearly disclosed. He also gives a scheme of the systematic position and phylogenetical relationship of the species in question of Diplodinium--sub-genus Polyplastron. Conclusions are drawn concerning the relation and kinship of P. multivesiculatum and P. hegneri, as well as the author's rules in regard to the development of new contractile vacuoles, also the reasons for the development of the skeleton and the position and form of skeletal plates. These skeletal plates serve for a general strengthening of the body besides other functions. It is argued that adaptation is a motive factor in the evolution (the selection appears as an ‘incidental selection’), while the oecologic factors and the factors of the mechanical and geographical isolation of the ruminant-hosts (in harmony with the peros manner of infection of the ruminants by these Infusoria) act as regulative factors. These two categories of factors are in diverse dimensions (they are non-equivalent and inadequate). The evolution of characters cannot be considered singly, but only species as units, and this evolution is not a result of isolated factors but of a series of factors permanently acting in reciprocal dependence. The author considers this method of analysis applicable also to other systematic groups.

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