Chromosomal structure of homozygous common wheat lines obtained from (wheat × Agropyron) × Aegilops speltoides derivatives. II. A screening of paracentric inversions

1986 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 906-912 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. T. Ortiz ◽  
Agueda Gonzalez ◽  
Maria Cristina Chueca ◽  
Yvonne Cauderon
Keyword(s):  
Chinese Spring ◽  
Aegilops Speltoides ◽  
Homoeologous Pairing ◽  
Chromosomal Structure ◽  
Chromosome Configuration ◽  
Interspecific Gene Transfer ◽  
Primitive Structure ◽  
Wheat Lines ◽  
Cultivar Differentiation ◽  
Paracentric Inversions

The presence of inversions is important in the evolution and cultivar differentiation of wheats, Even though we can't have conclusive cytological proof of the presence of inversions in wheat, we can use the indirect way of screening paracentric inversions through chromosome configuration at anaphase I and II. This work presents the comparison of 'Chinese Spring' structure (with respect to the presence of inverted segments) to (i) 52 homozygous wheat lines obtained in the progenies of the cross between a wheat × Agropyron intermedium substitution line and Aegilops speltoides homoeologous pairing promotor and (ii) three wheat cultivars ('Vilmorin 27', 'Ducat', and 'Tormes') that were used in developing the above mentioned lines. The three cultivars present inverted segments relative to 'Chinese Spring' structure. Some of these inverted segments are possibly maintained in some of the lines studied. Four of them show the primitive structure of 'Chinese Spring' even though none of the wheat parents had it. Finally, other lines show new structure that could have been due to the Aegilops speltoides effect, but the method used did not allow us to reach a definite conclusion on this point. It is interesting to emphasize that the use of this homoeologous pairing promotor led to a chromosomal structure that was not so different from that existing in wheats.Key words: pairing (homoeologous), hybridization (interspecific), gene transfer, Triticum, Agropyron, Aegilops.

Chromosomal structure of homozygous common wheat lines obtained from wheat × Agropyron × Aegilops speltoides derivatives. I. A screening of the reciprocal translocations

1986 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. T. Ortiz ◽  
Agueda Gonzalez ◽  
Maria-Cristina Chueca ◽  
Yvonne Cauderon
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Chinese Spring ◽  
Chromosomal Rearrangements ◽  
Aegilops Speltoides ◽  
Homoeologous Pairing ◽  
Reciprocal Translocations ◽  
Chromosomal Structure ◽  
The Common ◽  
Primitive Structure ◽  
Wheat Lines

Fifty-seven homozygous hexaploid lines belonging to five different families obtained by selection in the progenies of the cross between a wheat × Agropyron intermedium substitution line and an Aegilops speltoides promotor of homoeologous pairing were screened for reciprocal translocations. This study was carried out in relation to four Triticum aestivum cultivars: 'Vilmorin 27', Tormes', and 'Ducat' (which were used in the production of these lines), and 'Chinese Spring' that has the primitive structure of the common wheats. None of the lines retained the 5B/7B translocation of 'Vilmorin 27'. For some lines, the translocation of 'Tormes' and 'Ducat' seems to have been maintained. Ten of them show the primitive structure of 'Chinese Spring' even though none of the wheat parents had it. The others carry some original translocations as a result of the effect of Aegilops speltoides on meiotic pairing.Key words: homoeologous pairing, interspecific hybridization, gene transfer, chromosomal rearrangements, Triticum.

GENOTYPIC INTERACTION FOR CHIASMA FORMATION AT LOW TEMPERATURE IN THE HYBRID BETWEEN TRITICUM AESTIVUM 'CHINESE SPRING' AND AEGILOPS SPELTOIDES DEFICIENT FOR CHROMOSOME 5D

1977 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 471-475 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Attia ◽  
T. Lelley ◽  
G. Röbbelen
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Chinese Spring ◽  
Chiasma Formation ◽  
Aegilops Speltoides ◽  
Homoeologous Pairing ◽  
Chromosome 5B ◽  
Analogous System ◽  
Two Systems

In F1 plants from crosses between Triticum aestivum var. 'Chinese Spring' monosomic 5D and Aegilops speltoides Tausch. var. aucheri (Boiss) it was found that at a temperature of 12 °C the presence of chromosome 5D is necessary to maintain the level of homoeologous pairing and chiasma formation observed under greenhouse conditions. Some genotypes of Ae. speltoides, however, were more efficient than others in compensating for the absence of chromosome 5D. The differences in compensating ability indicate the existence of several alleles in Ae. speltoides that counteract the low-temperature pairing system on chromosome 5D. An analogous system of alleles previously reported in Ae. speltoides that suppresses the chromosome 5B diploidising system of wheat was substantiated by the present study. The results indicate, however, that the two systems are independent.

scholarly journals Chromosomal effects on In Vitro morphogenesis in Wheat intervarietal Substitution Lines

2011 ◽  
Vol 42 (No. 1) ◽  
pp. 15-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.D. Tyankova ◽  
N. Zagorska ◽  
V. Chardakov ◽  
A. Dryanova ◽  
B. Dimitrov
Keyword(s):  
Chinese Spring ◽  
Regeneration Ability ◽  
Substitution Lines ◽  
In Vitro Morphogenesis ◽  
Chromosome Substitutions ◽  
Allele Variation ◽  
Two Parameters ◽  
Wheat Lines ◽  
Intervarietal Substitution Lines

The effect of individual chromosomes on in vitro morphogenic ability of immature embryos was studied using a Chinese Spring/Timstein substitution series. For this purpose 20 wheat lines of Chinese Spring with consequently substituted chromosome pairs from the cultivar Timstein together with the two parental cultivars were investigated. The regeneration ability of the studied lines was quantified by two parameters: frequency of regenerative calli and coefficient of propagation. The influence of the 5A, 1B and 4D chromosomes on in vitro morphogenesis was determined and the effect of 2A, 3A, 3B, 4B, 6B and 1D chromosomes, reported by other authors, was confirmed. The data indicated that the intervarietal substitutions of certain chromosomes caused significant variation in the number of morphogenic calli and recovered regenerants, in spite of the fact that the two parental cultivars were of similar morphogenic ability. This probably reflects the allele variation in a given locus on these chromosomes and/or background effect. The data suggest that the chromosome substitutions may have different compensatory effects depending on the similarity of the corresponding chromosomes and also on the possibilities of their expression in an alien genetic background.  

scholarly journals Homoeologous pairing of a chromosome from Agropyron elongatum with those of Triticum aestivum and Aegilops speltoides

1967 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roy Johnson ◽  
Gordon Kimber
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Average Rate ◽  
Aegilops Speltoides ◽  
Homoeologous Pairing ◽  
Agropyron Elongatum ◽  
Telocentric Chromosome ◽  
Telocentric Chromosomes ◽  
Group 6 ◽  
Genetic Compensation ◽  
Homoeologous Chromosomes

1. Complex hybrids were produced having twenty-nine chromosomes, consisting of one telocentric and twenty complete chromosomes of T. aestivum (2n = 6x = 42), seven complete chromosomes of Ae. speltoides (2n = 2x = 14) and one telocentric chromosome derived from A. elongatum (2n = 10x = 70). The presence of the Ae. speltoides genome permitted pairing between homoeologous chromosomes at meiosis and the behaviour of the two telocentric chromosomes was observed.2. The A. elongatum chromosome was seen to pair with chromosomes homoeologous to those of group 6. There was no evidence that it paired with chromosomes of any other group.3. When the A. elongatum telocentric and those of 6A and 6D occurred in the same configuration it was evident that the telocentrics 6A and 6D were for corresponding chromosome arms, and the A. elongatum telocentric for the opposite arm.4. The average rate of pairing was much lower for the A. elongatum telocentric than for wheat telocentrics. Previous studies had indicated very good genetic compensation of the A. elongatum chromosome for chromosomes 6A and 6D. It was therefore indicated that genetic equivalence and pairing affinity were not closely related in this case. Some implications of this are discussed.

GENETIC VARIABILITY IN AEGILOPS SPELTOIDES AFFECTING HOMOEOLOGOUS PAIRING IN WHEAT

1972 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 371-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Dvořák
Keyword(s):  
Aegilops Speltoides ◽  
Homoeologous Pairing ◽  
Addition Lines ◽  
Single Population ◽  
Polyploid Wheat ◽  
Hybrid Plants ◽  
Telocentric Chromosomes ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Speltoides Chromosome

Three Chinese Spring ditelocentric lines and four Agropyron telocentric addition lines were crossed with a single population of Aegilops speltoides. Chromosome pairing was studied in the hybrid plants. The mean chiasma frequencies per cell in different hybrid plants indicate the existence of three different genotypes in the population of Ae. speltoides each differing significantly in ability to suppress the diploidizing mechanism in polyploid wheat. Plants at the three levels of pairing showed means of 6.4, 10.4 and 15.0 chiasmata per cell, respectively.Agropyron telocentric chromosomes did not pair with their wheat homoeolgues at the lowest pairing level. At intermediate and high pairing levels they did pair with wheat chromosomes. The increase in pairing of Agropyron telocentrics paralleled the increase in chiasma frequency per cell.The action of genes controlling homoeologous synapsis is discussed and it is suggested that pairing affinity between chromosomes may result from the interaction between two factors: homology in nucleotide sequences at specific sites in chromosomes, and degree of activation of these sequences.

scholarly journals Type II Fusarium head blight susceptibility conferred by a region on wheat chromosome 4D

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (16) ◽  
pp. 4703-4714 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin Hales ◽  
Andrew Steed ◽  
Vincenzo Giovannelli ◽  
Christopher Burt ◽  
Marc Lemmens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Head Blight ◽  
Chinese Spring ◽  
Wheat Chromosome ◽  
Addition Line ◽  
Head Blight ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Susceptibility Factor ◽  
Fhb Resistance ◽  
Grain Yield And Quality ◽  
Wheat Lines

Abstract Fusarium head blight (FHB) causes significant grain yield and quality reductions in wheat and barley. Most wheat varieties are incapable of preventing FHB spread through the rachis, but disease is typically limited to individually infected spikelets in barley. We point-inoculated wheat lines possessing barley chromosome introgressions to test whether FHB resistance could be observed in a wheat genetic background. The most striking differential was between 4H(4D) substitution and 4H addition lines. The 4H addition line was similarly susceptible to the wheat parent, but the 4H(4D) substitution line was highly resistant, which suggests that there is an FHB susceptibility factor on wheat chromosome 4D. Point inoculation of Chinese Spring 4D ditelosomic lines demonstrated that removing 4DS results in high FHB resistance. We genotyped four Chinese Spring 4DS terminal deletion lines to better characterize the deletions in each line. FHB phenotyping indicated that lines del4DS-2 and del4DS-4, containing smaller deletions, were susceptible and had retained the susceptibility factor. Lines del4DS-3 and del4DS-1 contain larger deletions and were both significantly more resistant, and hence had presumably lost the susceptibility factor. Combining the genotyping and phenotyping results allowed us to refine the susceptibility factor to a 31.7 Mbp interval on 4DS.

Comparison of homoeologous chromosome pairing between hybrids of wheat genotypes Chinese Spring ph1b and Kaixian-luohanmai with rye

Genome ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 54 (12) ◽  
pp. 959-964 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming Hao ◽  
Jiangtao Luo ◽  
Min Yang ◽  
Lianquan Zhang ◽  
Zehong Yan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Chromosome Pairing ◽  
Chinese Spring ◽  
Genomic In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Homoeologous Pairing ◽  
Homoeologous Chromosome ◽  
Wheat Genotypes ◽  
Phenotypic Differences ◽  
Homoeologous Chromosome Pairing

The ph-like genes in the Chinese common wheat landrace Kaixian-luohanmai (KL) induce homoeologous pairing in hybrids with alien species. In the present study, meiotic phenotypic differences on homoeologous chromosome pairing at metaphase I between hybrids of wheat genotypes Chinese Spring ph1b (CSph1b) and KL with rye were studied by genomic in situ hybridization (GISH). The frequency of wheat–wheat associations was higher in CSph1b × rye than in KL × rye. However, frequencies of wheat–rye and rye–rye associations were higher in KL × rye than in CSph1b × rye. These differences may be the result of different mechanisms of control between the ph-like gene(s) controlling homoeologous chromosome pairing in KL and CSph1b. Wheat–wheat associations were much more frequent than wheat–rye pairing in both hybriods. This may be caused by lower overall affinity, or homoeology, between wheat and rye chromosomes than between wheat chromosomes.

scholarly journals Molecular identification of the stem rust resistance genes in the introgression lines of spring bread wheat

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 296-303 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. A. Baranova ◽  
S. N. Sibikeev ◽  
A. E. Druzhin
Keyword(s):  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Stem Rust ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Introgression Lines ◽  
Aegilops Speltoides ◽  
Agropyron Elongatum ◽  
Spring Bread Wheat ◽  
Pathogen Populations ◽  
Wheat Lines

A total of 57 introgression lines and 11 cultivars of spring bread wheat developed by All-Russian Institute of Plant Protection and cultivated in the Volga Region were analyzed. The lines were obtained with the participation of CIMMYT synthetics, durum wheat cultivars, direct crossing with Agropyron elongatum (CI-7-57) and have introgressions from related species of bread wheat, namely translocations from Ag. elongatum (7DS-7DL-7Ae#1L), Aegilops speltoides (2D-2S), Ae. ventricosum (2AL-2AS-2MV#1), Secale cereale (1BL-1R#1S), 6Agi (6D) substitution from Ag. intermedium and triticale Satu. Cultivars and lines were assessed for resistance to Saratov, Lysogorsk, Derbent and Omsk stem rust pathogen populations (Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici), and analyzed for the presence of the known Sr resistance genes using molecular markers. The analysis of the cultivars’ and lines’ resistance to the Saratov pathogen population in the field, as well as to Omsk, Derbent and Lysogorsk populations at the seedling stage, showed the loss of efficiency of the Sr25 and Sr6Agi genes. The Sr31 gene remained effective. Thirty one wheat lines out of 57 (54.4 % of samples) were resistant to all pathogen populations taken into analysis. The Sr31/Lr26, Sr25/Lr19, Sr28, Sr57/Lr34 and Sr38/Lr37 genes were identified in the introgression lines. The Sr31/Lr26 gene was identified in 19 lines (33.3 % of samples). All lines carrying the 1RS.1BL translocation (Sr31/Lr26) were resistant to all pathogen populations taken into analysis. The Sr25/Lr19 gene was identified in 49 lines (86 %). The gene combination Sr31/Lr26+ Sr25/Lr19 was identified in 15 lines (26.3 %). The gene combinations Sr38/Lr37+Sr25/Lr19, Sr57/Lr34+Sr25/Lr19 and Sr31/Lr26+Sr25/Lr19+Sr28 were identified in 3 introgression lines. These three lines were characterized by resistance to the pathogen populations studied in this work. The Sr2, Sr24, Sr26, Sr32, Sr36 and Sr39 genes were not detected in the analyzed wheat lines.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document