Inheritance of earliness, height, and leaf number in crosses of early maturing rapeseed

1986 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 1009-1015 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. A. Ringdahl ◽  
P. B. E. McVetty ◽  
J. L. Sernyk
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Broad Sense ◽  
Leaf Number ◽  
Narrow Sense ◽  
Additive Gene Action ◽  
Narrow Sense Heritability ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Days To Maturity ◽  
Additive Gene

A dwarf early Brassica napus line (D-001), derived from crosses with Diplotaxis muralis, was crossed to two B. napus cultivars, 'Regent' and 'Pivot' to study the inheritance of earliness (days to bud, days to first flower, and days to maturity), height, and leaf number. Spaced plants of P1, P2, F1, F2, BC1, and BC2 generations for both crosses were grown in a completely randomized design at two locations in Manitoba in 1984. Results of means analyses indicated that additive gene action predominated for all traits for both crosses and both locations. In addition, dominance gene action was found to influence days to first flower, days to maturity, and leaf number for the D-001 × 'Regent' cross and all traits for the D-001 × 'Pivot' cross. Nonallelic interactions were nonsignificant in all cases. Genotype × environment interactions were not significant for all traits except height. Variance analyses indicated a predominance of additive gene action. Broad sense heritabilities for phenological traits ranged from 55 to 90%, while narrow sense heritabilities ranged from 0 to 81%. For height, broad and narrow sense heritability estimates were equal and ranged from 51 to 84%. Heritability for leaf number ranged from 73 to 82% for broad sense and from 49 to 77% for narrow sense estimates. The predominance of additive gene action and the high heritabilities associated with these traits suggest that D-001 may be useful as a source of earliness in B. napus breeding programs. Key words: Brassica napus, earliness, inheritance, Diplotaxis muralis.

Inheritance of seed protein and seed oil content in early maturing soybean

1985 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 603-607 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne L. McKendry ◽  
Peter B. E. McVetty ◽  
Harvey D. Voldeng
Keyword(s):  
Seed Oil ◽  
Seed Protein ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Broad Sense ◽  
Narrow Sense ◽  
Additive Gene Action ◽  
Narrow Sense Heritability ◽  
Partial Dominance ◽  
Early Maturing ◽  
Additive Gene

The inheritance of seed protein, seed oil, and the sum of protein and oil was investigated in two early maturing soybean crosses, 'Maple Presto' × 'Sioux' and 'Maple Presto' × X446-2-1, in 2 years (1981 and 1982) at one location (Winnipeg). Analyses of variance of the parental performance over years indicated that the parents differed significantly for all three traits studied and that genotype by year interactions were effectively zero. Generation means analysis indicated that gene action for seed protein was primarily additive, with partial dominance for low protein. Seed oil was also conditioned primarily by additive gene action. Partial dominance was not consistently detected over years and therefore was of minor importance. Additive × additive epistatic effects for seed oil were also detected but were not consistent over years. The sum of seed protein and oil was conditioned solely by additive gene action. Variance analyses indicated a predominance of additive genetic variance for all three traits. Dominance variance was also detected for both seed protein and the sum of protein and oil. Broad sense heritability for the F2 generation ranged from 76 to 83% for seed protein and from 68 to 86% for the sum of protein and oil, while narrow sense heritability ranged from 34 to 72% for seed protein and from 39 to 65% for the sum of protein and oil. Narrow sense heritability values equalled broad sense values for seed oil and ranged from 58 to 68%. Heritability was also estimated from standard unit parent – progeny regression analyses and values for all three traits were found to approach the variance analyses estimated broad sense heritabilities. Comparisons with the results of late maturing soybean crosses are made and implications of the results obtained in this study on early maturing soybean breeding programs are discussed.Key words: Glycine max, heritability, 00 and 000 maturity groups, breeding strategies.

Estimation of genetic parameters and combining ability analysis in blackgram [Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper]

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Thamodharan ◽  
A. Ramalingam ◽  
S. Geetha
Keyword(s):  
Recurrent Selection ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Narrow Sense ◽  
Additive Gene Action ◽  
Narrow Sense Heritability ◽  
Plant Seeds ◽  
Degree Of Dominance ◽  
Combining Ability Analysis ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
Pod Length

An experiment was carried out in blackgram using line x tester mating design to estimate the gca effect of parents (six lines and five testers) and sca effect of 30 hybrids for yield and its traits. Estimates of gca and sca variances, degree of dominance, predictability ratio and narrow sense heritability revealed that only three trais viz., pods per plant, seeds per pod and single plant yield were controlled by additive gene action and hence showed high narrow sense heritability. Magnitude of non-additive gene action was higher than the additive gene action for traits like plant height, days to 50% flowering, cluster per plant, 100 seed weight, days to maturity, branches per plant and pod length. Three parents ‘MDU1, ADT3 and LBG-752 were the best combiners and three crosses ‘MDU1 x VBN (Bg) 6, LBG-752 x VBN (Bg) 6, LBG-752 x Mash-114 showed high per se performance and significant positive sca for yield. For exploiting both additive and non-additive gene action recurrent selection to be followed to improve yield in blackgram.

scholarly journals Evaluating Genetic Parameters and Combining Ability of Starch Viscosity Parameters in Rice Cultivars (Oryza sativa L.)

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 665
Author(s):  
Alireza Haghighi Hasanalideh ◽  
Mehrzad Allahgholipour ◽  
Ezatollah Farshadfar
Keyword(s):  
Combining Ability ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Breeding Methods ◽  
Narrow Sense ◽  
Narrow Sense Heritability ◽  
Gene Effects ◽  
Diallel Mating Design ◽  
Additive Gene

This study was undertaken to assess the combining ability of 6 rice varieties, for viscosity parameters and determining gene action controlling Rapid Visco Analyser (RVA) characters. F2 progenies derived from a 6×6 half diallel mating design with their parents were grown in a randomized complete block design with three replications at the research farm of Rice Research Institute of Iran (RRII) in 2015. The diallel analysis by Griffing`s method indicated the involvement of additive and non-additive gene actions controlling RVA traits. For traits PV and FV RI18447-2 and IR50 were the best combiners for increasing and decreasing, respectively. Deylamani and IR50 were the best combiners for increasing and decreasing BV, respectively. Beside, due to more portion of non-additive gene action in controlling trait SV, The Gilaneh × RI18430-46, and Deylamani × RI18430-46 crosses were the best for increasing and decreasing SV, respectively. The high estimates of broad sense heritability and narrow sense heritability for BV and FV, indicated the importance of additive effects in expression of these traits. Therefore, selection base breeding methods will be useful to improve these traits and selection in the early generations could be done to fix the favourable genes. Low estimate of narrow sense heritability for SV revealed that non-additive gene effects play important role in controlling setback viscosity. So, hybrid base breeding methods will be useful to improve this trait.

scholarly journals Assessment of Genetic Variability for Agro-Morphological Important Traits in Aman Rice (Oryza Sativa L.)

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-79
Author(s):  
Golam Sarwar ◽  
Md. Sarowar Hossain ◽  
Md.Harun -Ur- Rashid ◽  
Shahanaz Parveen
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Genetic Advance ◽  
Panicle Length ◽  
Additive Gene Action ◽  
Days To Maturity ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
High Heritability

The present study was conducted in the experimental farm, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University (SAU), Dhaka during July 2013-December2013. The analysis of variance revealed significant deviation for all the characters studied and indicated the existence of variation among thegenotypes. The PCV values were slightly higher than the respective GCV values for all the characters except unfilled grains per panicleindicating that the characters were less influenced by the environment. Total tillers per plant, effective tillers per plant, filled grains per panicle,unfilled grains per panicle and yield per plant showed high heritability coupled with high genetic advance percentage of mean which indicatedthe preponderance of additive gene action and such characters could be improved through selection. High heritability along with low geneticadvance as percentage of mean was found for plant height, days to 50% flowering, panicle length, days to maturity and thousand grains weightwhich indicated the non additive gene action for expression of these characters. Considering the genetic parameters and other agronomicperformances, the genotypes Special from AL-29, AL-36, PP-4B(i), AL-17(iii)B, AL-17(iii), AL-17(ii)A, Special from-129, Special from17(iv), AL-44(i), AL-17, Special from AL-36(D), PP-48, IR-25B, Special from AL-33, IR-25B (Tall), P-5B (ii) might be considered betterparents for future hybridization programme.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijasbt.v3i1.11896    Int J Appl Sci Biotechnol, Vol. 3(1): 73-79 

Response of wheat to post-anthesis water stress, and the nature of gene action as revealed by combining ability analysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (6) ◽  
pp. 534 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Sultan Mia ◽  
Hui Liu ◽  
Xingyi Wang ◽  
Zhanyuan Lu ◽  
Guijun Yan
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Relative Reduction ◽  
Stressed Condition ◽  
Additive Gene Action ◽  
Narrow Sense Heritability ◽  
Combining Ability Analysis ◽  
Additive Gene

Post-anthesis water stress is a major limitation to wheat grain yield globally. Understanding the nature of gene action of yield related traits under post-anthesis water stress will help to breed stress-resilient genotypes. Four bread wheat genotypes having varying degree of drought tolerance were crossed in a full-diallel fashion and the resultant crosses along with the parental genotypes, were subjected to water stress after the onset of anthesis in order to investigate their comparative performance and nature of gene action. Parental genotypes Babax (B) and Westonia (W) performed better compared with C306 (C) and Dharwar Dry (D) with respect to relative reduction in grain yield and related traits under stressed condition. Direct cross B × D and reciprocal cross W × C were more tolerant to water stress, while cross between C306 and Dharwar Dry, either direct or reciprocal, produced more sensitive genotypes. Combining ability analysis revealed that both additive and non-additive gene action were involved in governing the inheritance of the studied traits, with predominance of non-additive gene action for most of the traits. Among the parents, Babax and Westonia were better combiners for grain yield under stress condition. B × D in stressed condition, and C × W in both stressed and stress-free conditions, were the most suitable specific crosses. Moreover, specificity of parental genotypes as female parents in cross combination was also evident from the significant reciprocal combining ability effects of certain traits. Low to medium narrow sense heritability and high broad sense heritability were observed for most of the studied traits in both well watered and water stress conditions. The results of the study suggested that specific cross combinations with high specific combining ability involving better performing parents with high general combining ability may generate hybrids as well as segregating populations suitable for further breeding programs.

scholarly journals Analisis Nilai Tengah Generasi untuk Umur Panen Keturunan Persilangan Tiga Varietas Kedelai

2015 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
Gatut Wahyu A.S. ◽  
W. Mangoendidjojo ◽  
P. Yudono ◽  
A. Kasno
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Second Step ◽  
Additive Gene Action ◽  
Early Maturity ◽  
Days To Maturity ◽  
Recessive Genes ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
Late Maturity

<p>Genetic parameters of a character, which is estimated using genetic analysis approach, is important in a character improvement. The aim of this research was to examine the gene action of days to maturity character on soybean using generation mean analysis. The research consisted two steps, first was preparing four populations (F1, BC1.1, BC1.2 and F2) of three single crosses, i.e. Nanti × Grobogan, Grobogan × Malabar, and Nanti × Malabar. The second step was testing those populations consisting of P1, P2, F1, F2, BC1.1 and BC1.2 in the field at Jambegede Experimental Station, Malang, East Java, from July to September 2009. The results showed that there were interaction between the gene loci on the inheritance of days to maturity, from the three cross combinations under study. The role of additive gene action and the influence of dominant inheritance contributed jointly, affecting days to maturity of early maturity (Grobogan) and early maturity (Malabar) cross. The crossing of very late maturity (Nanti) with early maturity (Grobogan or Malabar) showed that early maturity was probably controlled by additive recessive genes.</p>

scholarly journals Pewarisan Karakter Hasil dan Komponen Hasil pada Dua Populasi Persilangan Cabai Rawit Hijau (Capsicum annuum L.)

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 283-289
Author(s):  
Tiara Yudilastari ◽  
Muhamad Syukur ◽  
Dan Sobir
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Information ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Genetic Difference ◽  
Gene Interaction ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Yield Component ◽  
Narrow Sense ◽  
Narrow Sense Heritability ◽  
Backcross Populations ◽  
Additive Gene

Genetic information plays an important role in plant selection. This research was aimed to obtain genetic information on pattern inheritance of yield and yield component characters of two crosses population of birds chili. The research used biparental mating design consisted of 40 plants of parents population (P1 and P2), 40 plants of first generation (F1) and reciprocal (F1R) populations, 100 plants of backcross populations (BCP1 and BCP2), and 300 plants of second generation population (F2). Scaling test and joint scaling test indicated the presence of gene interaction (epistasis) in two crosses population. Estimates gene effect also showed that fruit weight character in crosses population of IPB C145 x IPB C174 was controlled by duplication epistasis, while yield per plant character in crosses population of IPB C145 x IPB C291 was controlled by complementary epistasis. All characters of both crosses populations had high broad sense heritability, but the characters in crosses population of IPB C145 x IPB C174 had medium to high narrow sense heritability, while the characters in crosses population of IPB C145 x IPB C291 had low to medium narrow sense heritability. Genetic difference between parents seemed to affect gene action of a character, in which yield per plant, number of fruits per plant, fruit weight, and fruit length characters in crosses population of IPB C145 x IPB C291 with small genetic difference were more controlled by the action of non additive gene than crosses population of IPB C145 x IPB C291 with large genetic difference.Keywords: epistasis, gene action, genetic difference, heritability, yield

Inheritance of polyembryony in flax (Linum usitatissimum)

1983 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. G. Green ◽  
P. A. Salisbury
Keyword(s):  
Linum Usitatissimum ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Doubled Haploid Line ◽  
Genetic System ◽  
Transgressive Segregation ◽  
Additive Gene Action ◽  
Narrow Sense Heritability ◽  
Line Production ◽  
Linum Usitatissimum L ◽  
Additive Gene

The inheritance of polyembryony (haploid–diploid twin seedlings) in the cross between Linum usitatissimum L. cv. Avantgarde (zero twinning) and cv. Rocket 4 (6.6% twins) was examined. It was concluded that the production of polyembryonic seeds is controlled mainly by additive gene action, with a realized narrow-sense heritability of 0.8. The frequency of twinning in the F2 generation displayed substantial transgressive segregation, ranging from zero to 32.0%. It was considered that such transgression could be due to either the presence of residual heterogeneity for twinning alleles in cv. Rocket 4, or the existence of a genetic system suppressing the expression of twinning alleles in cv. Avantgarde. The occurrence of a genotype producing haploid plants from more than 30% of its seeds should enable the efficiency of doubled-haploid line production to be greatly improved, and also lead to a better understanding of the embryological origins of the haploid component of polyembryonic seeds.

Combining ability studies under salinity stress and unstressed condition in chickpea

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Y. Dudhe ◽  
J. Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Salinity Stress ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Genetic Basis ◽  
Stress Condition ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Additive Gene Action ◽  
Days To Maturity ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
Salinity Stress Tolerance

The present study was carried out to generate some information on the genetic basis for salinity tolerance in chickpea. Results indicated that the additive as well as non-additive gene action was important for all the traits under unstressed as well as salinity stress condition. Parent Pusa 1103 was a good combiner for RWC, MSI, seed yield and harvest index both under unstressed and salinity stress condition. DG 72 was a good combiner for RWC and parent SAKI 9516 for days to maturity both under unstressed and salinity stress. Two crosses Pusa 1103 x DG 72 and cross Pusa 1103 x DG 54 were best among all the crosses studied for seed yield per plant. While selecting best crosses for salinity stress tolerance besides giving more importance to salinity indices the seed yield per plant need to be considered. The present findings will help the chickpea breeder in deciding the breeding program aimed at improvement of salinity stress tolerant varieties in chickpea.

GENE ACTION FOR PROTEIN AND OIL CONTENT IN SUMMER RAPE

1977 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 625-631 ◽  
Author(s):  
BAHRAM GRAMI ◽  
B. R. STEFANSSON
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Genetic Control ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Additive Gene Action ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Percent Protein ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
Selection For

Genetic control of percent protein, percent oil, and sum of protein and oil as a percentage of the seed was investigated in two summer rape (Brassica napus L.) cultivars, Midas and Tower, and their F1, F2 and backcross generations. All three traits were found to be governed by additive gene action. Dominance was not significant and epistasis was absent. Selection for sum of protein and oil was shown to be more effective than selection for either protein or oil alone.

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