scholarly journals Port de combinaison et depense energétique lors d'un enchaînement natation-cyclisme

2003 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 356-369 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Delextrat ◽  
Thierry Bernard ◽  
Christophe Hausswirth ◽  
Fabrice Vercruyssen ◽  
Jeanick Brisswalter
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Relative Intensity ◽  
Energy Cost ◽  
Ventilatory Threshold ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Cycling Exercise ◽  
Warm Up ◽  
Cycling Efficiency ◽  
Dépense Énergétique

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of swimming with a wetsuit on energy expenditure during subsequent cycling. Nine well-trained triathletes underwent three submaximal trials. The first trial (SC) consisted of a 750-m swim realised at a competition pace, followed by a 10-min cycling exercise at a power output corresponding to the ventilatory threshold +5%. The two other trials were composed of the same cycling exercise, preceded either by a 750-m swim with a wetsuit (WSC) or by a cycling warm-up (Ctrl). The main results are that the WSC trial was characterised by significantly lower swimming cadence (−14%), heart rate (−11%), and lactate values (−47%) compared to the SC trial, p < 0.05. Moreover, cycling efficiency was significantly higher in the WSC trial compared to the SC trial (12.1% difference, p < 0.05). The lower relative intensity observed during swimming with a wetsuit suggest the relative importance of swimming condition on the total performance in a sprint triathlon. Key words: triathlon, energy cost, cycling efficiency, locomotion

scholarly journals WHICH IS THE BEST WAY TO PERFORM THE PHYSIOLOGICAL COST INDEX IN ACTIVE INDIVIDUALS WITH UNILATERAL TRANS-TIBIAL AMPUTATION?

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefano Brunelli ◽  
Andrea Sancesario ◽  
Marco Iosa ◽  
Anna Sofia Delussu ◽  
Noemi Gentileschi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Energy Cost ◽  
Limb Amputation ◽  
Alternative Measure ◽  
Cost Index ◽  
Physiological Cost ◽  
Fitness Training ◽  
Energy Cost Of Walking

BACKGROUND: Physiological Cost Index (PCI) is a simple method used to estimate energy expenditure during walking. It is based on a ratio between heart rate and self-selected walking speed. Previous studies reported that PCI is reliable in individuals with lower limb amputation but only if there is an important walking impairment. No previous studies have investigated the correlation of PCI with the Energy Cost Walking (ECW) in active individuals with traumatic unilateral trans-tibial amputation, considering that this particular category of amputees has an ECW quite similar to healthy individual without lower limb amputation. Moreover, it is important to determine if PCI is also correlated to ECW in the treadmill test so as to have an alternative to over-ground test. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to evaluate the correlation between PCI and ECW in active individuals with traumatic trans-tibial amputation in different walking conditions. The secondary aim was to evaluate if this correlation permits to determine ECW from PCI values. METHODOLOGY: Ninety traumatic amputees were enrolled. Metabolic data, heart rate and walking speed for the calculation of ECW and for PCI were computed over-ground and on a treadmill with 0% and 12% slopes during a 6-minute walking test. FINDINGS: There is a significant correlation between ECW and PCI walking over-ground (p=0.003; R2=0.10) and on treadmill with 12% slopes (p=0.001; R2=0.11) but there is only a poor to moderate correlation around the trendline. No significant correlation was found walking on treadmill with 0% slope. The Bland-Altman plot analysis suggests that is not possible to evaluate ECW directly from PCI. CONCLUSIONS: PCI is a reliable alternative measure of energy expenditure during walking in active individuals with trans-tibial amputation when performing over-ground or at high intensity effort on treadmill. PCI is therefore useful only for monitoring a within subject assessment. LAYMAN’S ABSTRACT The knowledge of the energy cost of walking in disabled people is important to improve strategies of rehabilitation or fitness training and to develop new prosthetic and orthotic components. The “gold standard” for the evaluation of the energy cost of walking is the oxygen consumption measurement with a metabolimeter, but the testing procedure is expensive and time consuming, hardly practicable in many rehabilitation centers. The Physiological Cost Index (PCI) is an indirect tool that evaluates the oxygen consumption during walking. PCI considers heart rate during walking, in relation to the speed, as an indicator of energy expenditure. The formula is “walking heart rate – resting heart rate /speed”. PCI is widely used in literature but there is not a solid evidence of a direct correlation between PCI and energy cost of walking. In particular, for individuals with unilateral trans-tibial amputation without comorbidities, no previous studies have been conducted about this correlation. It has to be noticed that individuals with unilateral trans-tibial amputation have an energy cost of walking quite similar to healthy people. Previous studies reported that in healthy people such correlation does not exist. For this reason, the aim of this study was to evaluate if and in which walking condition a linear correlation exists between PCI and Energy Cost Walking in individuals with unilateral trans-tibial amputation. Oxygen consumption measurement with a metabolimeter and PCI were computed over-ground and on a treadmill with 0% and 12% slopes during a 6-minute walking test in 90 participants. We have found that PCI is an alternative measure of energy cost of walking when performing over-ground or with high intensity effort on treadmill (12% slope). These findings could be useful when PCI is used for monitoring a fitness training or for evaluation tests. Article PDF Link: https://jps.library.utoronto.ca/index.php/cpoj/article/view/32953/25717 How to Cite: Brunelli S, Sancesario A, Iosa M, Delussu A.S, Gentileschi N, Bonanni C, Foti C, Traballesi M. Which is the best way to perform the Physiological Cost Index in active individuals with unilateral trans-tibial amputation? Canadian Prosthetics & Orthotics Journal. Volume2, Issue1, No.5, 2019. https://doi.org/10.33137/cpoj.v2i1.32953. CORRESPONDING AUTHOR: Dr. Stefano Brunelli,Fondazione Santa Lucia, IRCCS, Via Ardeatina 306, 00179 Rome, Italy.ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5986-1564Tel. +39 0651501844; Fax +39 0651501919E-MAIL: [email protected]

scholarly journals The relationship between relative aerobic load, energy cost, and speed of walking in individuals post-stroke

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilse Johanna Blokland ◽  
Arianne S Gravesteijn ◽  
Mathijs C Busse ◽  
Floor P Groot ◽  
Coen AM van Bennekom ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Aerobic Capacity ◽  
Energy Cost ◽  
Walking Speed ◽  
Ventilatory Threshold ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Walking Ability ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Relative Load ◽  
Post Stroke

Background: Individuals post-stroke walk slower than their able-bodied peers, which limits participation. This might be attributed to neurological impairments, but could also be caused by a mismatch between aerobic capacity and aerobic load of walking. Research question: What is the potential impact of aerobic capacity and aerobic load of walking on walking ability post-stroke? Methods: In a cross-sectional study, forty individuals post-stroke (more impaired N=21; preferred walking speed (PWS)<0.8m/s, less impaired N=19), and 15 able-bodied individuals performed five, 5-minute treadmill walking trials at 70%, 85%, 100%, 115% and 130% of PWS. Energy expenditure (mlO2/kg/min) and energy cost (mlO2/kg/m) were derived from oxygen uptake (VO2). Relative load was defined as energy expenditure divided by peak aerobic capacity (%VO2peak) and by VO2 at ventilatory threshold (%VO2-VT). Relative load and energy cost at PWS were compared between groups with one-way ANOVAs. The effect of speed on these parameters was modeled with GEE. Results: Both more and less impaired individuals post-stroke showed lower PWS than able-bodied controls (0.44[0.19-0.76] and 1.04[0.81-1.43] vs 1.36[0.89-1.53] m/s) and higher relative load at PWS (50.2±14.4 and 51.7±16.8 vs 36.2±7.6 %VO2 peak and 101.9±20.5 and 97.0±27.3 vs 64.9±13.8 %VO2-VT). No differences in relative load were found between stroke groups. Energy cost at PWS of more impaired (0.30[.19-1.03] mlO2/kg/m) was higher than less-impaired (0.19[0.10-0.24] mlO2/kg/m) and able-bodied (0.15[0.13-0.18] mlO2/kg/m). For post-stroke individuals, increasing walking speed above PWS decreased energy cost, but resulted in a relative load above endurance threshold. Significance: Individuals post-stroke seem to reduce walking speed to prevent unsustainably high relative aerobic loads at the expense of reduced economy. When aiming to improve walking ability in individuals post-stroke, it is important to consider training aerobic capacity.

scholarly journals Energy expenditure of trans-tibial amputees during ambulation at self-selected pace

1994 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 84-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. S. Gailey ◽  
M. A. Wenger ◽  
M. Raya ◽  
N. Kirk ◽  
K. Erbs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Steady State ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Energy Cost ◽  
Metabolic Cost ◽  
The Self ◽  
Healthy Male ◽  
Subject Pool

The purpose of this investigation was two-fold: 1) to compare the metabolic cost (VO2), heart rate (HR), and self-selected speed of ambulation of trans-tibial amputees (TTAs) with those of non-amputee subjects; and 2) to determine whether a correlation exists between either stump length or prosthesis mass and the energy cost of ambulation at the self-selected ambulation pace of TTAs. Subjects were thirty-nine healthy male non-vascular TTAs between the ages of 22 and 75 years (mean ± sd = 47 ± 16). All had regularly used their prosthesis for longer than six months and were independent of assistive ambulation devices. Twenty-one healthy non-amputee males aged 27–47 years (31 ± 6) served as controls. Subjects ambulated at a self-selected pace over an indoor course, with steady-state VO2, HR, and ambulation speed averaged across minutes seven, eight and nine of walking. Results showed that HR and VO2 for TTAs were 16% greater, and the ambulation pace 11% slower than the non-amputee controls. Significant correlations were not observed between stump length or prosthesis mass and the energy cost of ambulation. However, when the TTA subject pool was stratified on the basis of long and short stump length, the former sustained significantly lower steady-state VO2 and HR than the latter while walking at comparable pace. These data indicate that stump length may influence the metabolic cost of ambulation in TTAs.

scholarly journals Energy expenditure of nordic walking and conventional walking assessed by accelerometer

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Władysław Mynarski ◽  
Małgorzata Grabara ◽  
Michał Rozpara ◽  
Agnieszka Nawrocka ◽  
Aneta Powerska-Didkowska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Physical Education ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Exercise Heart Rate ◽  
Men Students ◽  
Nordic Walking ◽  
Warm Up ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Moving Speed

Summary Study aim: the objective was to assess and compare the energy expenditure (EE) and exercise heart rate (EHR) during Nordic Walking (NW), and conventional walking (W) in physical education and tourism/recreation university students. Material and methods: a total of 53 women and 65 men, students at the Academy of Physical Education in Katowice, and Polytechnic in Opole, in Poland, were investigated to assess the EE of Nordic Walking and conventional walking, and to measure the EHR, a uniaxial accelerometer – Caltrac Monitor, and a pulsometer – Polar RS 400 SD were used. After a standard warm-up, the participants (joined group) were marching with poles for 30 minutes, at a speed regulated by the group’s leader, who used footpod’s indications: 5.5–6.5 km/h – in Katowice, and 7.5–8.5 km/h – in Opole. After a break, during which the participants’ heart rate decreased below 100 bpm, the above actions and measurements were repeated, during normal walking. Results: energy expenditure during Nordic Walking (EE NW), expressed in kcals and METs, was in women and in men, at both analyzed speeds, significantly higher (p < 0.05) than during conventional walking (EE W). EHR was higher during NW, compared to W, and the statistically significant differences were revealed both in female’s and male’s groups. Conclusions: our study data have shown that EE and EHR during Nordic Walking, have been significantly higher than during conventional walking, regardless of the moving speed and gender. NW might present a useful modality in prevention of hypokinetic disorders.

Effect of heat load and dietary protein on oxygen pulse and energy cost for locomotion in heifers

2019 ◽  
Vol 59 (9) ◽  
pp. 1611
Author(s):  
E. E. L. Valente ◽  
V. T. Filipini ◽  
L. C. Araújo ◽  
M. Stahlhofer ◽  
B. V. R. Melo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Energy Cost ◽  
Heat Load ◽  
Protein Concentration ◽  
Oxygen Pulse ◽  
Humidity Index ◽  
Globe Temperature ◽  
Black Globe Temperature

The objectives of the present study were to evaluate the effect of heat load, bodyweight and dietary protein on oxygen pulse of heifers, to obtain the energy cost of walking on flat and sloping terrain, and to compare the energy cost of heifers during continuous walking and intermittent walking. In Experiment 1, the correlations of oxygen consumption, heart rate and oxygen pulse (O2P) with bodyweight, black globe temperature and temperature and humidity index were examined. Moreover, the effect of dietary protein on O2P was evaluated. The temperature and humidity index and black globe temperature had a low positive correlation with O2P and oxygen consumption, and a low negative correlation with heart rate. However, weight had no correlation with O2P. There was a linear increase in O2P with a very low adjustment with an increasing dietary crude protein concentration. In Experiment 2, the energy cost of heifers walking continuously at a constant speed in a terrain with 0%, 6% and 12% gradient was measured. The energy expenditure was similar among the terrain gradients. The heifers walking had a 16.6% higher energy expenditure than when they were standing. In Experiment 3, a comparison of the energy cost was made among heifers standing, continuously walking and intermittently walking at a constant speed on flat ground. The energy cost for walking was similar between continuous and intermittent walking. The heat load, bodyweight and dietary protein concentration had a low effect on O2P in dairy heifers. Therefore, measurements over a short time (5–15 min) are a reliable estimator of O2P through the day. Both intermittent and continuous walking can be used to evaluate energy expenditure.

scholarly journals Energy Expenditure during Acute Weight Training Exercises in Healthy Participants: A Preliminary Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (15) ◽  
pp. 6687
Author(s):  
Muhammad Adeel ◽  
Chien-Hung Lai ◽  
Chun-Wei Wu ◽  
Jiunn-Horng Kang ◽  
Jian-Chiun Liou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Energy Cost ◽  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Weight Training ◽  
Trained Group ◽  
Training Experience ◽  
Rate Of Perceived Exertion ◽  
Training Exercises

Energy expenditure during weight training exercises produces great fitness and health benefits for humans, but few studies have investigated energy expenditure directly during weight training. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to determine energy costs during three training sessions consisting of three different exercises. Ten participants were randomly allocated into two groups: an untrained (n = 5, with no weight training experience) and a trained group (n = 5, with some weight training experience). Each participant completed three training sessions on separate days. While wearing a mask for indirect calorimetric measurements, each participant participated in training sessions conducted with three dumbbell exercises: the bent-over row, deadlift, and lunge. Metabolic equivalents (METs), energy expenditure (EE), respiratory exchange ratio (RER), heart rate (HR), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and rate of perceived exertion (RPE) were measured. The total energy cost was calculated from the oxygen consumption (VO2) during each exercise. Our results showed that the METs of a single training session were 3.3 for the untrained group and 3.4 for the trained group, while the sum of the EE was 683–688 and 779–840 kcal, respectively. The physiological parameters, such as heart rate (p = 0.001 *) for the lunge and rate of perceived exertion (p = 0.005 *) for the bent-over row, changed significantly in both groups. It was concluded that the exercise protocol of this study involved a moderate intensity of 2.4–3.9 METs. The energy cost of each training exercise was between 179 and 291 kcal.

scholarly journals Heart Rate Responses and Exercise Intensity During A Prolonged 4-Hour Individual Cycling Race among Japanese Recreational Cyclists

Sports ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 109
Author(s):  
Takashi Nakagata ◽  
Shinichiro Murade ◽  
Shizuo Katamoto ◽  
Hisashi Naito
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Exercise Intensity ◽  
Energy Cost ◽  
Fixed Time ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Healthy Male ◽  
Professional Cyclist ◽  
Endurance Cycling ◽  
Vigorous Intensity

Heart rate (HR) during different endurance cycling races and events are investigated for professional cyclist, however, enduro races to compete for total laps and distance covered within a fixed time using a circuit course has not yet been investigated. This study examined the heart rate (HR) and exercise intensity during an enduro cycling race. Ten male Japanese amateur cyclists performed cycling individually for at least 2 consecutive hours. HR was measured using an HR monitor during the race, and we estimated the energy expenditure (EE) during the race using the HR–VO2 relationship in advance. Exercise intensities were defined as percentages of HRmax based on ACSM exercise guideline as follows: moderate intensity, 64–76% HRmax; vigorous intensity, 77–95% HRmax. The HR during the race was 158.9 ± 10.6 bpm (86.4 ± 2.2% HRmax), and exercise intensity is categorized as vigorous intensity. The EE during the race using HR–VO2 relationship were 12.9 ± 1.2 kcal/kg/hr, which would require a large energy expenditure (EE) during the race. However, energy cost was 0.36 ± 0.04 kcal/kg/km regardless of total distance. The findings indicate that enduro cycling racing is categorized as vigorous intensity (>77% HRmax) for healthy male recreational cyclists though, cycling is an efficient form of transportation.

scholarly journals The Intensity and Energy Expenditure of Exertions, Restitution Speed, and Rate of Perceived Exertion after Tournament Matches in Polish Futsal Players

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Paweł Wolański ◽  
Jarosław Muracki ◽  
Dawid Goliński ◽  
Jarosław Nosal ◽  
Ewa Bakońska-Pacoń ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Team Sport ◽  
Warm Up ◽  
Rate Of Perceived Exertion ◽  
Very High

AbstractPurpose. Futsal is a very dynamic indoor team sport. Like in soccer, futsal players perform a number of efforts of different intensity during a match. In each match there are a few return substitutions to allow players to have some rest. The aim of the study was to assess the intensity and energy expenditure of single efforts and the dynamics of restitution after the efforts during successive futsal matches.Methods. The study consisted in measuring the players′ (n = 11) heart rate (HR) during four matches: A, B, C, D. The HR measurement started during a pre-match warm-up and ended 5 min after the match.Results. The highest intensity of single efforts was noticed in match A. It equalled 90.22 ± 4.90% HRConclusions. The intensity was very high, much higher than that of players′ efforts in 11-a-side soccer. It should be concluded that an appropriate reduction in the time players spend on the pitch during their successive efforts in one match and the consecutive tournament matches can result in reducing the decrease in the effort intensity.

Validity of Heart Rate, Pedometry, and Accelerometry for Estimating the Energy Cost of Activity in Hong Kong Chinese Boys

1999 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 229-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lobo Louie ◽  
Roger G. Eston ◽  
Ann. V. Rowlands ◽  
Kwok Keung Tong ◽  
David K. Ingledew ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Hong Kong ◽  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Energy Cost ◽  
Population Studies ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Hong Kong Chinese ◽  
Heart Rate Monitoring

This study compared the accuracy of heart rate monitoring, pedometry, and uniaxial and triaxial aecelerometry for estimating oxygen consumption during a range of activities in Hong Kong Chinese boys. Twenty-one boys, aged 8–10 years, walked and ran on a treadmill, played catch, played hopscotch, and sat and crayoned. Heart rate, uniaxial and triaxial accelerometry counts, pedometry counts, and scaled oxygen uptake (SVO2) were measured. All measures correlated significantly with VO2 scaled to body mass−0.75 (SVO2). The best predictor of SVO2 was triaxial accelerometry (R2 = 0.89). Correlations in this study were comparable with those in a previous study that used identical methods on 30 UK boys and girls. These results provide further confirmation that triaxial accelerometry provides the best assessment of energy expenditure and that pedometry offers potential for large population studies.

scholarly journals Autogenous control of heart rate taking Deep Slow Breaths during exercise

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 56-63
Author(s):  
Tsuyoshi Kageyama
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Energy Conservation ◽  
Tidal Volume ◽  
Energy Condition ◽  
Exercise Duration ◽  
Energy Conditions ◽  
Cycling Exercise ◽  
Autogenous Control

We investigated whether heart rate can be controlled consciously. This study examined the effect of 20 minutes of cycling exercise while being conscious about energy conservation on the heart rate. 21 healthy college students (9 men, 12 women) participated three exercise bouts. Exercise bouts were examined under the following three conditions: (a) known condition (participants having information about the exercise duration); (b) unknown condition (participants having no information about the exercise duration) and; (c) conserving energy condition (participants having information about the exercise duration and being conscious about energy conservation). Heart rate in the unknown condition was lower than that in the known condition (p < 0.05); further, it was lower in the conserving energy condition than in the known condition　(p < 0.01). In contrast, the tidal volume of the conserving energy condition was higher than that in the known condition (p < 0.05). In addition, the respiratory rates in the unknown and conserving energy conditions were lower than that in the known condition (p < 0.01). Energy expenditure during exercise was lowest in the conserving energy condition. These results show the possibility of autogenous control of heart rate by taking deep slow breaths consciously during exercise.

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