THE ROLE OF ALKALINE PHOSPHATASE IN INTESTINAL ABSORPTION: III. THE EFFECTS OF VARIOUS FATTY ACIDS ON LEVELS OF THE ENZYME IN INTESTINAL MUCOSA

1955 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nester Dickie ◽  
Margaret I. Robinson ◽  
Jules Tuba
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Wheat Gluten ◽  
Dietary Fatty Acids ◽  
Intestinal Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Intestinal Enzyme ◽  
Fasted Rats

Fasted rats were used in a study of the effect of fatty acids on intestinal and serum phosphatase. Each acid was mixed with a palatable carrier, and then offered to the animals. Enzyme estimations were made with intestinal homogenates, and occasionally with serum. The first carrier, casein, was found to affect intestinal phosphatase activity, and it was replaced by a non-active carrier, wheat gluten. The results with the two carriers showed essentially the same trend. The elevation of intestinal alkaline phosphatase by dietary fatty acids varied inversely with the chain length for: butyric acid, lauric acid, palmitic acid, and stearic acid. The possibility is considered that decreasing solubility may be associated with the response obtained with these fatty acids. Oleic acid was a more powerful stimulant for the synthesis of intestinal alkaline phosphatase than the saturated fatty acids. Choline, fed simultaneously with oleic acid, completely obliterated the highly significant effect of the acid on both the intestinal and the serum enzyme, These findings indicate that further consideration should be given to the role of phospholipids in absorption of fatty acids. Enzyme response in the serum, studied with a more limited number of fatty acids, lagged a few hours behind the response of the intestinal enzyme.

THE ROLE OF ALKALINE PHOSPHATASE IN INTESTINAL ABSORPTION: III. THE EFFECTS OF VARIOUS FATTY ACIDS ON LEVELS OF THE ENZYME IN INTESTINAL MUCOSA

1955 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nester Dickie ◽  
Margaret I. Robinson ◽  
Jules Tuba
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Wheat Gluten ◽  
Dietary Fatty Acids ◽  
Intestinal Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Intestinal Enzyme ◽  
Fasted Rats

Fasted rats were used in a study of the effect of fatty acids on intestinal and serum phosphatase. Each acid was mixed with a palatable carrier, and then offered to the animals. Enzyme estimations were made with intestinal homogenates, and occasionally with serum. The first carrier, casein, was found to affect intestinal phosphatase activity, and it was replaced by a non-active carrier, wheat gluten. The results with the two carriers showed essentially the same trend. The elevation of intestinal alkaline phosphatase by dietary fatty acids varied inversely with the chain length for: butyric acid, lauric acid, palmitic acid, and stearic acid. The possibility is considered that decreasing solubility may be associated with the response obtained with these fatty acids. Oleic acid was a more powerful stimulant for the synthesis of intestinal alkaline phosphatase than the saturated fatty acids. Choline, fed simultaneously with oleic acid, completely obliterated the highly significant effect of the acid on both the intestinal and the serum enzyme, These findings indicate that further consideration should be given to the role of phospholipids in absorption of fatty acids. Enzyme response in the serum, studied with a more limited number of fatty acids, lagged a few hours behind the response of the intestinal enzyme.

THE ROLE OF ALKALINE PHOSPHATASE IN INTESTINAL ABSORPTION: IV. THE EFFECTS OF VARIOUS PROTEINS ON LEVELS OF THE ENZYME IN INTESTINAL MUCOSA

1955 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jules Tuba ◽  
Nester Dickie
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Intestinal Absorption ◽  
Intestinal Mucosa ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
Wheat Gluten ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Dietary Proteins ◽  
Intestinal Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Egg Albumin

Fasted adult male rats were used to study the effect of dietary proteins on intestinal alkaline phosphatase. Groups of animals were offered one of several proteins; lactalbumin, egg albumin, zein, gelatin, wheat gluten, casein, and vitellin. Control animals had cellulose fed to them. The rats were sacrificed six hours after they were given the different diets. Alkaline phosphatase determinations with intestinal homogenates indicated that the two phosphoproteins, casein and vitellin, elevated levels of the enzyme significantly above fasting levels. Possible interpretations of these findings are discussed.

scholarly journals Fatty acids, epigenetic mechanisms and chronic diseases: a systematic review

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
K. González-Becerra ◽  
O. Ramos-Lopez ◽  
E. Barrón-Cabrera ◽  
J. I. Riezu-Boj ◽  
F. I. Milagro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Gene Expression Regulation ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Dietary Fatty Acids ◽  
Epigenetic Mechanisms ◽  
Metabolic Alterations

Abstract Background Chronic illnesses like obesity, type 2 diabetes (T2D) and cardiovascular diseases, are worldwide major causes of morbidity and mortality. These pathological conditions involve interactions between environmental, genetic, and epigenetic factors. Recent advances in nutriepigenomics are contributing to clarify the role of some nutritional factors, including dietary fatty acids in gene expression regulation. This systematic review assesses currently available information concerning the role of the different fatty acids on epigenetic mechanisms that affect the development of chronic diseases or induce protective effects on metabolic alterations. Methods A targeted search was conducted in the PubMed/Medline databases using the keywords “fatty acids and epigenetic”. The data were analyzed according to the PRISMA-P guidelines. Results Consumption fatty acids like n-3 PUFA: EPA and DHA, and MUFA: oleic and palmitoleic acid was associated with an improvement of metabolic alterations. On the other hand, fatty acids that have been associated with the presence or development of obesity, T2D, pro-inflammatory profile, atherosclerosis and IR were n-6 PUFA, saturated fatty acids (stearic and palmitic), and trans fatty acids (elaidic), have been also linked with epigenetic changes. Conclusions Fatty acids can regulate gene expression by modifying epigenetic mechanisms and consequently result in positive or negative impacts on metabolic outcomes.

THE ROLE OF ALKALINE PHOSPHATASE IN INTESTINAL ABSORPTION: IV. THE EFFECTS OF VARIOUS PROTEINS ON LEVELS OF THE ENZYME IN INTESTINAL MUCOSA

1955 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jules Tuba ◽  
Nester Dickie
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Intestinal Absorption ◽  
Intestinal Mucosa ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
Wheat Gluten ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Dietary Proteins ◽  
Intestinal Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Egg Albumin

Fasted adult male rats were used to study the effect of dietary proteins on intestinal alkaline phosphatase. Groups of animals were offered one of several proteins; lactalbumin, egg albumin, zein, gelatin, wheat gluten, casein, and vitellin. Control animals had cellulose fed to them. The rats were sacrificed six hours after they were given the different diets. Alkaline phosphatase determinations with intestinal homogenates indicated that the two phosphoproteins, casein and vitellin, elevated levels of the enzyme significantly above fasting levels. Possible interpretations of these findings are discussed.

Differential Effects of Dietary Fatty Acids on Body Composition and Adiposity

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 142-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hadi Emamat ◽  
Zahra Yari ◽  
Hossein Farhadnejad ◽  
Parvin Mirmiran
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Total Body Weight ◽  
Fat Distribution ◽  
Monounsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Dietary Fatty Acids ◽  
Dietary Fats ◽  
Total Body

Recent evidence has highlighted that fat accumulation, particularly abdominal fat distribution, is strongly associated with metabolic disturbance. It is also well-recognized that the metabolic responses to variations in macronutrients intake can affect body composition. Previous studies suggest that the quality of dietary fats can be considered as the main determinant of body-fat deposition, fat distribution, and body composition without altering the total body weight; however, the effects of dietary fats on body composition have controversial results. There is substantial evidence to suggest that saturated fatty acids are more obesogen than unsaturated fatty acids, and with the exception of some isomers like conjugate linoleic acid, most dietary trans fatty acids are adiposity enhancers, but there is no consensus on it yet. On the other hand, there is little evidence to indicate that higher intake of the n-3 and the n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids can be beneficial in attenuating adiposity, and the effect of monounsaturated fatty acids on body composition is contradictory. Accordingly, the content of this review summarizes the current body of knowledge on the potential effects of the different types of dietary fatty acids on body composition and adiposity. It also refers to the putative mechanisms underlying this association and reflects on the controversy of this topic.

scholarly journals THE RESPONSE OF INTESTINAL ALKALINE PHOSPHATASE OF FASTED RATS TO FORCED FEEDING OF FAT

1953 ◽  
Vol 203 (2) ◽  
pp. 947-951
Author(s):  
Jules Tuba ◽  
Margaret I. Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Intestinal Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Fasted Rats

scholarly journals Dietary fat intake in healthy adolescents: inverse relationships between the estimated intake of saturated fatty acids and serum cholesterol

2001 ◽  
Vol 85 (3) ◽  
pp. 333-341 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gösta Samuelson ◽  
Lars-Erik Bratteby ◽  
Rawya Mohsen ◽  
Bengt Vessby
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Serum Cholesterol ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Saturated Fat ◽  
Dietary Fatty Acids ◽  
Cholesterol Esters ◽  
Fat Intake ◽  
A Chain ◽  
The One

The objective of the present study was to describe the intake of dietary fatty acids among healthy 15-year-old boys and girls and to relate the intake of specific fatty acids and the fatty acid composition of the serum cholesterol esters to serum lipid, apolipoprotein (Apo) and insulin concentrations respectively. Fifty-two girls and forty-two boys were randomly selected from the official population register. Unexpectedly, significant inverse associations were found between the dietary content of saturated fatty acids with a chain length of four to fifteen C atoms, mainly derived from milk fat, as well as the corresponding fatty acids in the serum cholesterol esters, on the one hand and the serum concentrations of cholesterol and ApoB on the other. The estimated dietary intake of 4:0–10:0, 12:0 and 14:0 respectively, were all significantly inversely related to the serum cholesterol (r-0.32,r-0.31,r-0.30, all P<0.05) and ApoB (r-0.42,r-0.42, andr-0.40, all P<0.05) concentrations in girls and 12:0 to the ApoB concentration (r-0.55, P<0.01) in boys. The proportions of 12:0 and 15:0 in the serum cholesterol esters were negatively correlated with the serum cholesterol concentrations in both girls (r-0.34,r-0.32, P<0.05) and boys (r-0.53, P<0.01;r-0.32, P<0.05) and with the ApoB concentrations among boys (r-0.61, P<0.01;r-0.43, P<0.05). It is conceivable that milk fat contains or is associated with some component in the diet, or some other characteristics of the food intake, which counterbalances the expected positive relationships between saturated fat intake and lipid levels.

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