The excitation of O(1S) and O2 bands in the nightglow: a brief review and preview

1986 ◽  
Vol 64 (12) ◽  
pp. 1626-1630 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. C. McDade ◽  
E. J. Llewellyn
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Oxygen ◽  
Kinetic Data ◽  
Green Line ◽  
Excitation Mechanism ◽  
Precursor State ◽  
In Situ Studies ◽  
Photometric Observations ◽  
Recent Laboratory ◽  
Atmospheric System

Recent laboratory and in situ studies of the processes involved in the excitation of O(1S) and the five strongest systems of molecular oxygen in the terrestrial nightglow are reviewed. In spite of the significant advances that have been made during the last few years, it is not yet possible to reconcile rocket and satellite photometric observations with expectations based on laboratory kinetic data. Even in the most extensively studied O2 system, the Herzberg-I system, serious discrepancies exist between the kinetic parameters measured in the laboratory and those deduced from the airglow observations. It is only in the case of the O2 Atmospheric system that the laboratory and in situ studies have converged on a consistent view of the overall excitation mechanism. In the case of the O(1S) green line, most evidence would now appear to support the Barth mechanism, but progress towards a conclusive identification of the Barth precursor state, or states, is seriously hindered by the inadequacies in current understanding of the molecular oxygen systems.

scholarly journals Flocculation in Estuaries: Modeling, Laboratory and In-situ Studies

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claire Chassagne ◽  
Zeinab Safar ◽  
Zhirui Deng ◽  
Qing He ◽  
Andy Manning
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Water Column ◽  
Transport Model ◽  
Hydrodynamic Interactions ◽  
Dominant Form ◽  
In Situ Studies ◽  
Complex Particle ◽  
Estuarine Systems ◽  
Recent Laboratory

Modelling the flocculation of particles in a natural environment like an estuary is a challenging task owing to the complex particle-particle and particle-hydrodynamic interactions involved. In this chapter a summary is given of recent laboratory and in-situ studies regarding flocculation. A flocculation model is presented and the way to implement it in an existing sediment transport model is discussed. The model ought to be parametrized, which can be done by performing laboratory experiments which are reviewed. It is found, both from laboratory and in-situ studies, that flocculation between mineral sediment and organic matter is the dominant form of flocculation in estuarine systems. Mineral sediment in the water column is < 20 μm in size and its settling velocity is in the range [0–0.5] mm/s. Flocs can then be categorized in two types: flocs of size [20–200] μm and flocs of size > 200 μm. The origin of these two types is discussed. The two types of flocs are found at different positions in the water column and both have settling velocities in the range [0.5–10] mm/s.

Preparation of integrated circuits for TEM electromigration in situ studies

1986 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 882-883
Author(s):  
J. V. Maskowitz ◽  
W. E. Rhoden ◽  
D. R. Kitchen ◽  
R. E. Omlor ◽  
P. F. Lloyd
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Circuits ◽  
Crystallographic Orientation ◽  
Silicon Wafers ◽  
Minimum Size ◽  
Test Vehicle ◽  
In Situ Studies ◽  
Boron Doped ◽  
Doped Silicon ◽  
Drill Holes

The fabrication of the aluminum bridge test vehicle for use in the crystallographic studies of electromigration involves several photolithographic processes, some common, while others quite unique. It is most important to start with a clean wafer of known orientation. The wafers used are 7 mil thick boron doped silicon. The diameter of the wafer is 1.5 inches with a resistivity of 10-20 ohm-cm. The crystallographic orientation is (111).Initial attempts were made to both drill and laser holes in the silicon wafers then back fill with photoresist or mounting wax. A diamond tipped dentist burr was used to successfully drill holes in the wafer. This proved unacceptable in that the perimeter of the hole was cracked and chipped. Additionally, the minimum size hole realizable was > 300 μm. The drilled holes could not be arrayed on the wafer to any extent because the wafer would not stand up to the stress of multiple drilling.

In-Situ Studies of Metal on III-V Semiconductors

1997 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. D. Marks
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Studies

Polarimetric radars for in-situ studies: design, calibration and applications

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Bredow ◽  
S.P. Gogineni ◽  
K. Jezek
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Studies

In situ studies on the positive and negative effects of 1,8-diiodoctane on the device performance and morphology evolution of organic solar cells

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Da Huang ◽  
Chun-Xia Hong ◽  
Jian-Hua Han ◽  
Nie Zhao ◽  
Xiu-Hong Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Organic Solar Cells ◽  
Device Performance ◽  
Morphology Evolution ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
In Situ Studies

scholarly journals In Situ studies of the dynamics of strain fields in welded joints of austenitic stainless steel under tensile loads

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 53-58
Author(s):  
Kirill Kurgan ◽  
Anatoliy Klopotov ◽  
Vasiliy Klimenov ◽  
Michael Slobodyan ◽  
Artem Ustinov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Austenitic Stainless Steel ◽  
Welded Joints ◽  
Strain Fields ◽  
In Situ Studies

scholarly journals In Situ Hyperspectral Raman Imaging: A New Method to Investigate Sintering Processes of Ceramic Material at High-temperature

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 1310 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kerstin Hauke ◽  
Johannes Kehren ◽  
Nadine Böhme ◽  
Sinje Zimmer ◽  
Thorsten Geisler
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Raman Imaging ◽  
In Situ Studies ◽  
Kinetic Information ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
In Situ Investigation ◽  
Dependent Growth ◽  
Micrometer Scale ◽  
Sintering Processes

In the last decades, Raman spectroscopy has become an important tool to identify and investigate minerals, gases, glasses, and organic material at room temperature. In combination with high-temperature and high-pressure devices, however, the in situ investigation of mineral transformation reactions and their kinetics is nowadays also possible. Here, we present a novel approach to in situ studies for the sintering process of silicate ceramics by hyperspectral Raman imaging. This imaging technique allows studying high-temperature solid-solid and/or solid-melt reactions spatially and temporally resolved, and opens up new avenues to study and visualize high-temperature sintering processes in multi-component systems. After describing in detail the methodology, the results of three application examples are presented and discussed. These experiments demonstrate the power of hyperspectral Raman imaging for in situ studies of the mechanism(s) of solid-solid or solid-melt reactions at high-temperature with a micrometer-scale resolution as well as to gain kinetic information from the temperature- and time-dependent growth and breakdown of minerals during isothermal or isochronal sintering.

A High-Temperature Infrared Cell for In Situ Studies: Application to Methane Oxidative Dehydrogenation Catalysts

1988 ◽  
Vol 42 (5) ◽  
pp. 906-911 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. P. Larkins ◽  
M. R. Nordin
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Oxidative Dehydrogenation ◽  
In Situ Studies
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