Dynamic moduli and damping ratios for cemented sands at low strains

1988 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 353-368 ◽  
Author(s):  
Surendra K. Saxena ◽  
Anestis S. Avramidis ◽  
Krishna R. Reddy
Keyword(s):  
Confining Pressure ◽  
Dynamic Shear Modulus ◽  
Resonant Column ◽  
Dynamic Shear ◽  
Column Test ◽  
Dynamic Moduli ◽  
Cemented Sand ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Resonant Column Test ◽  
System Of Units

This paper advances the present understanding of the beneficial effects of cementation of sands on their dynamic behavior at low strain amplitudes. The influence of important parameters such as cement content, effective confining pressure, density, and curing period is discussed in detail on the basis of extensive resonant column test results. A newly proposed relationship for maximum dynamic shear modulus is compared with reported relationships. Empirical relations for maximum dynamic Young's modulus, dynamic shear damping, and dynamic longitudinal damping are developed for the first time. All the relations developed are nondimensional and adaptable to any system of units. Correlations between dynamic moduli and static strength from triaxial (drained) tests are developed for an effective confining pressure equal to 49 kPa. Key words: resonant column test, cemented sand, dynamic moduli, dynamic damping.

Shear moduli and damping in frozen and unfrozen clay by resonant column tests

1996 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 510-514 ◽  
Author(s):  
M O Al-Hunaidi ◽  
P A Chen ◽  
J H Rainer ◽  
M Tremblay
Keyword(s):  
Shear Modulus ◽  
Damping Ratio ◽  
Frozen Soil ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Dynamic Shear Modulus ◽  
Resonant Column ◽  
Dynamic Shear ◽  
Column Test ◽  
Shear Moduli ◽  
Resonant Column Test

The resonant-column test method was used in this study to determine the dynamic shear moduli and damping ratios of frozen and unfrozen soil samples. Naturally frozen soil specimens were obtained in-situ during the winter. A series of tests were carried out on the frozen soil specimens in a cold room at –9°C. The same specimens, after allowing them to thaw, were then tested at room temperature. Test results show that at low-amplitude shear stains the damping ratio of frozen soil specimens is roughly twice that of unfrozen samples. In addition, the dynamic shear modulus for soil specimens while frozen is significantly greater (30 or 50 times) than that of unfrozen specimens. These results provide a basis for explaining an observation that bus-induced vibrations in buildings while the top soil is frozen in winter are about one-half those induced while the soil is not frozen. Key words: resonant-column test, shear modulus, damping ratio, frozen soil, ground vibration.

Low Strain Dynamic Shear Modulus of Cemented Sand from Cone Penetration Test Results

1996 ◽  
Vol 1548 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anand J. Puppala ◽  
Yalcin B. Acar ◽  
Mehmet T. Tumay
Keyword(s):  
Shear Modulus ◽  
Test Data ◽  
Dynamic Shear Modulus ◽  
Resonant Column ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Dynamic Shear ◽  
Cone Penetration ◽  
Cemented Sand ◽  
Calibration Chamber ◽  
Interpretation Method

Low strain dynamic shear modulus property is generally used to subclassify soil strata, determine elastic settlements under geotechnical structures, and characterize the dynamic nature of soils. Several methods to interpret the dynamic shear modulus of sands from in situ friction cone test results have been developed. These methods used calibration chamber test data of clean sands. Therefore, these methods are not valid for interpreting the shear modulus of cemented sands. Introduced here is an interpretation method to estimate the shear modulus of cemented sand. Thirty-seven friction cone penetration tests (CPTs) were conducted on artificially cemented sand specimens of relative densities ranging from 45 percent to 85 percent and confining pressures ranging from 100 to 300 kPa in a laboratory stress-strain-controlled calibration chamber. Cementation levels of 1 and 2 percent were used in preparing cemented specimens. Resonant column tests were also conducted on the same sand with identical cementation levels. The CPT and resonant column test data are used in developing an interpretation method that includes semiempirical correlations. Simple interpretation charts are also provided to directly estimate the low strain shear modulus of cemented sand from tip resistance, unconfined compressive strength, and relative density data. Comparisons between predictions of the proposed interpretation method and the present measured shear modulus test data indicate that the interpretation charts have provided reasonable predictions. The comparisons also indicate that the predicted results on clean sands obtained by different researchers are in agreement with each other.

Dynamic properties of some cohesive soils of Ontario

1981 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 371-389 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. C. Kim ◽  
M. Novak
Keyword(s):  
Void Ratio ◽  
Dynamic Behaviour ◽  
Dynamic Properties ◽  
Damping Ratio ◽  
Confining Pressure ◽  
Dynamic Loads ◽  
Dynamic Shear Modulus ◽  
Cohesive Soils ◽  
Resonant Column ◽  
Dynamic Shear

The dynamic behaviour of some cohesive soils of southwestern Ontario is experimentally investigated using a resonant column apparatus. Attention is concentrated particularly on the dynamic shear modulus, Young's modulus, and damping ratio. The variation of these characteristics with void ratio, confining pressure, strain, and stress history is studied. Data are presented that can be utilized in the design of foundations and structures exposed to dynamic loads.

Research on the Dynamic Characteristics of Clay

2014 ◽  
Vol 535 ◽  
pp. 764-767
Author(s):  
Qian Feng ◽  
Heng Li ◽  
Yi Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Triaxial Test ◽  
Damping Ratio ◽  
Dynamic Strain ◽  
Soil Parameters ◽  
Dynamic Shear Modulus ◽  
Resonant Column ◽  
Column Test ◽  
Dynamic Triaxial Test ◽  
Response Characteristics ◽  
Resonant Column Test

In order to obtain the dynamic response characteristics of soil parameters, dynamic triaxial test is a commonly used method, but the project generally use the resonant column test instead. We selected a typical clay in Wuhan were carried out dynamic triaxial and resonant column test, get the relationship of the dynamic shear modulus ratio and dynamic strain under different dynamic stress and dynamic relationship with the dynamic strain damping ratio, respectively. Comparative analysis showed that the resonant column test obtained smaller results than the dynamic triaxial test.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Dynamic Properties of Sodium-Alginate-Reinforced Soil Using A Resonant-Column Test

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 2743
Author(s):  
Seongnoh Ahn ◽  
Jae-Eun Ryou ◽  
Kwangkuk Ahn ◽  
Changho Lee ◽  
Jun-Dae Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Shear Modulus ◽  
Sodium Alginate ◽  
Shear Failure ◽  
Dynamic Properties ◽  
Damping Ratio ◽  
Reinforced Soil ◽  
Resonant Column ◽  
Column Test ◽  
Alginate Solution ◽  
Resonant Column Test

Ground reinforcement is a method used to reduce the damage caused by earthquakes. Usually, cement-based reinforcement methods are used because they are inexpensive and show excellent performance. Recently, however, reinforcement methods using eco-friendly materials have been proposed due to environmental issues. In this study, the cement reinforcement method and the biopolymer reinforcement method using sodium alginate were compared. The dynamic properties of the reinforced ground, including shear modulus and damping ratio, were measured through a resonant-column test. Also, the viscosity of sodium alginate solution, which is a non-Newtonian fluid, was also explored and found to increase with concentration. The maximum shear modulus and minimum damping ratio increased, and the linear range of the shear modulus curve decreased, when cement and sodium alginate solution were mixed. Addition of biopolymer showed similar reinforcing effect in a lesser amount of additive compared to the cement-reinforced ground, but the effect decreased above a certain viscosity because the biopolymer solution was not homogeneously distributed. This was examined through a shear-failure-mode test.

Shear Modulus and Damping Ratio of Gravel Material

2011 ◽  
Vol 105-107 ◽  
pp. 1426-1432 ◽  
Author(s):  
De Gao Zou ◽  
Tao Gong ◽  
Jing Mao Liu ◽  
Xian Jing Kong
Keyword(s):  
Shear Modulus ◽  
Shear Strain ◽  
Strain Amplitude ◽  
Damping Ratio ◽  
Confining Pressure ◽  
Dynamic Shear Modulus ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Dynamic Shear ◽  
Data Points ◽  
Shear Strain Amplitude

Two of the most important parameters in dynamic analysis involving soils are the dynamic shear modulus and the damping ratio. In this study, a series of tests were performed on gravels. For comparison, some other tests carried out by other researchers were also collected. The test results show that normalized shear modulus and damping ratio vary with the shear strain amplitude, (1) normalized shear modulus decreases with the increase of dynamic shear strain amplitude, and as the confining pressure increases, the test data points move from the low end toward the high end; (2) damping ratio increases with the increase of shear strain amplitude, damping ratio is dependent on confining pressure where an increase in confining pressure decreased damping ratio. According to the test results, a reference formula is proposed to evaluate the maximum dynamic shear modulus, the best-fit curve and standard deviation bounds for the range of data points are also proposed.

Experimental Study on Dynamic Characteristics of Ionic Soil Stabilizer Reinforcing Red Clay

2011 ◽  
Vol 374-377 ◽  
pp. 1391-1395
Author(s):  
Xue Song Lu ◽  
Wei Xiang
Keyword(s):  
Shear Modulus ◽  
Shear Strain ◽  
Dynamic Condition ◽  
Damping Ratio ◽  
Confining Pressure ◽  
Natural Soil ◽  
Dynamic Shear Modulus ◽  
Dynamic Shear ◽  
Red Clay ◽  
Soil Stabilizer

Based on the red clay of Wuhan reinforced by Ionic Soil Stabilizer, the red clay soil is treated by different matches of ISS at first, then is tested in the Atterberg limits test and dynamic triaxia test. The results show that the plastic index decreases, and the red clay were greatly improved under the dynamic condition, the maximum dynamic shear modulus ratio acquired an incensement of 27.72% on average after mixing the ISS into the red clay. In addition, It was concluded that the confining pressure influenced the dynamic shear modulus and damping ratio to a certain extent. Given the same strain conditions, with the incensement of confining pressure increases, the dynamic shear modulus increased and the damping ratio decreased. Moreover, when plotting the dynamic shear modulus versus the dynamic shear strain, the similar curve can be formed for both the natural soil and the modified one, the dynamic shear modulus monotonously decreased with the incensement of the dynamic shear strain. However, the value of dynamic shear modulus differed in the same shear strain between the natural soil and the soil modified by ISS.

Evaluation of Resonant Column Test Devices

1976 ◽  
Vol 102 (11) ◽  
pp. 1147-1158
Author(s):  
George R. Skoglund ◽  
Robert W. Cunny ◽  
William F. Marcuson
Keyword(s):  
Resonant Column ◽  
Column Test ◽  
Resonant Column Test

scholarly journals Characterization of the Dynamic Properties of Clay–Gravel Mixtures at Low Strain Level

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 1616 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xianwen Huang ◽  
Aizhao Zhou ◽  
Wei Wang ◽  
Pengming Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Shear Modulus ◽  
Shear Strain ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Dynamic Properties ◽  
Damping Ratio ◽  
Confining Pressure ◽  
Strain Level ◽  
Dynamic Shear Modulus ◽  
Dynamic Shear ◽  
Gravel Content

In order to support the dynamic design of subgrade filling engineering, an experiment on the dynamic shear modulus (G) and damping ratio (D) of clay–gravel mixtures (CGMs) was carried out. Forty-two groups of resonant column tests were conducted to explore the effects of gravel content (0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, and 60%, which was the mass ratio of gravel to clay), gravel shape (round and angular gravels), and confining pressure (100, 200, and 300 kPa) on the dynamic shear modulus, and damping ratio of CGMs under the same compacting power. The test results showed that, with the increase of gravel content, the maximum dynamic shear modulus of CGMs increases, the referent shear strain increases linearly, and the minimum and maximum damping ratios decrease gradually. In CGMs with round gravels, the maximum dynamic shear modulus and the maximum damping ratio are greater, and the referent shear strain and the minimum damping ratio are smaller, compared to those with angular gravels. With the increase of confining pressure, the maximum dynamic shear modulus and the referent shear strain increase nonlinearly, while the minimum and maximum damping ratios decrease nonlinearly. The predicting equation for the dynamic shear modulus and the damping ratio of CGMs when considering confining pressure, gravel content, and shape was established. The results of this research may put forward a solid foundation for engineering design considering low-strain-level mechanical performance.

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