Foundation design for the Skydome Stadium, Toronto

1989 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Y. Lo ◽  
B. H. Cooke
Keyword(s):  
Size Effect ◽  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Geological Mapping ◽  
Foundation Design ◽  
Field Plate ◽  
Deformation Properties ◽  
Rock Mass Modulus ◽  
Strength And Deformation ◽  
Loading Tests ◽  
Plate Loading

The construction of the Skydome Stadium will provide Toronto with the first multipurpose stadium in the world with a retractable roof. The foundation for the structure, with a diameter of about 210 m and a height of about 86 m, will be supported by several hundred columns, about 100 of which will have loadings up to 50 000 kN. The foundation rock is a shale with numerous highly weathered zones and clay seams. Laboratory tests to investigate the strength and deformation properties of these weak layers were performed. Field plate loading tests at two locations with three different size plates were also carried out to study the size effect on the mass modulus of the rock. This paper presents the results of detailed geological mapping and field and laboratory tests together with design considerations for the foundations. The field acceptance criteria, developed to ensure that the differential settlements between foundations are within specified limits, are also discussed. Key words: Skydome, shale, clay seams, plate loading tests, rock-mass modulus, size effect, layered rocks.

Experimental Study on Size Effect of Compressive Strength and Deformation Properties of Large Size Fly Ash Concrete

2011 ◽  
Vol 477 ◽  
pp. 319-324 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xi Xi He ◽  
She Yong Lin ◽  
Xue Cheng Zhen
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Size Effect ◽  
Failure Modes ◽  
Slenderness Ratio ◽  
Ultimate Strain ◽  
Fly Ash Concrete ◽  
Deformation Properties ◽  
Axial Compressive Strength ◽  
Strength And Deformation

The authors experimentally studied the size effect of axial compressive properties of concrete cube and slenderness ratio of 2:1 prism with cross-section side length of 100mm to 800mm in this paper. Commercial concrete was used for test specimens. Specimens were cast and cured outdoors. To highlight the size factors, accumulation of sand on the end surface of the specimen was used to eliminate the end cyclo-hoop effect. The test results show that, in the case of eliminating the end restraint, failure modes of the prism and the cube are the same. There isn’t determined relationship between the cubic compressive strength and cylinder axial compressive strength of concrete, in the case of the specimen slenderness ratio not more than 2 to 1. However, the decline trend of cylinder axial compressive strength with size is slightly greater than the cubic strength. Fly ash concrete, ordinary concrete without fly ash and fiber reinforced fly ash concrete show different size effects. Size effect for concrete with 40% fly ash replacement of cement significantly reduced. The experimental results also show that, strength, elastic modulus and ultimate strain of concrete are all size-dependent. But there are different size effect trends between strength and deformation properties. Ultimate strain of concrete decreases as size increases, and more attention should be taken to this point.

Geotechnical Properties of a Very Dense Glacial Till

1974 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 396-408 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. S. Radhakrishna ◽  
T. W. Klym
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Test ◽  
Triaxial Compression ◽  
Geotechnical Properties ◽  
Glacial Till ◽  
Load Test ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Foundation Design ◽  
Deformation Properties ◽  
Strength And Deformation

This paper presents the results of a comparative study of both field and laboratory measurements of the geotechnical properties of a very dense glacial till. This study was carried out to determine the feasibility of founding the major structures of a thermal generating station complex on very dense till. In situ pressuremeter tests, vertical and lateral plate load tests, and in situ shear box tests were carried out. A comparative laboratory test program on soil specimens from undisturbed block samples consisted of drained and undrained triaxial compression tests including a number of K0 and stress path tests. Foundation design parameters obtained from pressuremeter tests were in good agreement with the plate load test values. Laboratory test values underestimate the strength and deformation modulus of the dense till. The factors which influence the differences in the field and laboratory values of the strength and deformation properties of the till are discussed.

The mechanical behavior of the Kettle Point oil shale

1986 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maurice B. Dusseault ◽  
Matthias Loftsson ◽  
David Russell
Keyword(s):  
Oil Shale ◽  
Clay Content ◽  
Organic Content ◽  
Point Load ◽  
Brazilian Test ◽  
Point Load Strength ◽  
Triaxial Strength ◽  
Deformation Properties ◽  
Strength And Deformation ◽  
Oil Shales

Samples of eastern black shale (Kettle Point oil shales, Ontario) were subjected to extensive mineralogical and geomechanical tests. We prove that the mineralogy, as measured by the ratio of quartz to illite, controls strength and deformation properties, and the organic material plays no significant role. The reason is that increasing clay content dilutes the rigid quartz–quartz grain contacts that are responsible for the high strengths and stiff behavior. Tests of temperature effects on point load strength of another low organic content oil shale confirm that organic matter is not important to mechanical properties in matrix-supported shales. Key words: shale, mineralogy, Brazilian test, triaxial strength, organic content, slake durability, thermogravimetry.

scholarly journals Effect of carbon nanotubes on the properties of pmb and asphalt concrete

Vestnik MGSU ◽  
2015 ◽  
pp. 110-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Svetlana Yur’evna Shekhovtsova ◽  
Marina Alekseevna Vysotskaya
Keyword(s):  
Asphalt Concrete ◽  
Water Resistance ◽  
Materials Science ◽  
Crosslinking Agent ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Progressive Development ◽  
Concrete Mixtures ◽  
Deformation Properties ◽  
Strength And Deformation ◽  
Modified Binder

In the modern world nanotechnologies are an integral part of successful and progressive development of all the areas of activity. Materials science is not an exception. The authors studied the method of nanomodification and its influence on the performance properties of polymer-modified binder (PMB) and asphalt concrete, produced on their basis. It is established that nanomodified PMB are less susceptible to aging, which is a consequence of the processes of peptization of asphalt-resin complexes (ARC) in the structure of the modified binder and the crosslinking with the polymer matrix. It is revealed that nanotubes (SWCN or MWCN) used as a modifier, act as crosslinking agent and the inhibitor of the aging process in a PMB. The influence of nanomodified PMB on strength and deformation properties of asphalt concrete is investigated. It was found out that the use of modified binder in the asphalt concrete mixtures enhances the water resistance of asphalt concrete, heat resistance and shear-resistance.

scholarly journals Laboratory Plate Loading Test on Calcareous Sands from a Hydraulic fill Reef Island

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xing Wang ◽  
YANG WU ◽  
Jie Cui ◽  
Chang-qi Zhu ◽  
Xin-zhi Wang
Keyword(s):  
Bearing Capacity ◽  
Deformation Modulus ◽  
Fine Sand ◽  
Medium Sand ◽  
Calcareous Sand ◽  
Loading Test ◽  
Moisture Condition ◽  
Hydraulic Fill ◽  
Deformation Properties ◽  
Plate Loading

Abstract The landforms and vertical strata distribution characteristics of Yongxing Island show that the reclaimed reef island is characterized by soft upper strata (calcareous sand) and hard lower strata (reef limestone). In this study, a series of plate loading tests was conducted to examine the influences of particle gradation, compactness, and moisture condition on the bearing mechanism and deformation properties of the calcareous sand foundation. When the foundation is shallowly buried, the relative density range corresponding to a calcareous sand foundation exhibiting local shear failure is narrower than that of a terrigenous sand foundation. For the same compactness, dry calcareous medium sand has a much larger bearing capacity and deformation modulus than dry calcareous fine sand. The effect of water on the bearing capacity of the calcareous medium sand is greater than the effect on calcareous fine sand. Its weak cementation and low permeability make the initial deformation of saturated calcareous fine sand slightly smaller than that under dry conditions. The stress dispersion angle of the calcareous medium sand foundation is 52°, which is larger than that of terrigenous sand. A larger stress dispersion angle leads to a higher bearing capacity and deformation modulus than those of terrigenous sand.

The strength and deformation properties of vitreous silica

1973 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 379-382 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. M. Gulaev ◽  
K. I. Ryabtsev ◽  
V. S. Bakunov ◽  
D. N. Poluboyarinov ◽  
F. Ya. Borodai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitreous Silica ◽  
Deformation Properties ◽  
Strength And Deformation
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