Transfer of Resolution in the Production of Orthophotos

1970 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 459-471
Author(s):  
Stanley H. Collins ◽  
Zdenek Kalensky
Keyword(s):  
Test Object ◽  
Glass Plate ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Low Contrast ◽  
Progressive Loss ◽  
Angle Of View ◽  
Made In

The progressive loss of resolution was determined for the various steps involved in producing optically-projected orthophoto prints. The first test object was a set of low-contrast annular targets placed at the focus of a collimator in the laboratory. A film negative, with images of the test object across both diagonals, was made in a Wild RC8 camera supported on a nodal slide. From this negative, glass plate diapositives were made in three different printers. A typical diapositive was selected and used as the test object for two different orthophoto projectors and a tilt-rectifying projector. The resulting negatives were printed by contact and by projection. A graph of resolution vs. angle-of-view is given for each stage of reproduction, and the relative importance of the loss of resolution in each stage is discussed.

Experimental Measurements in the Acquisition of Biosignals from a Neuronal Cell Culture for an Exoprosthesis Command

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (10) ◽  
pp. 2948-2939 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carmen Moldovan ◽  
Lidia Dobrescu ◽  
Violeta Ristoiu ◽  
Bogdan Firtat ◽  
Silviu Dinulescu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Culture ◽  
Glass Plate ◽  
Neuronal Cell ◽  
Cellular Biology ◽  
Experimental Measurements ◽  
Neuron Culture ◽  
Neuronal Cell Culture ◽  
Made In

This article presents experimental measurements performed in order to connect a neuronal cell culture to an exoprosthesis. The experiments focused on the biosignals� acquisition from the cell culture. A special gold-plated glass plate device was realized and several constructive variants were analyzed. A Olympus microscope with fluorescence and photo system was used. The acquisition of bio signals from the neuron culture is realized and described in the paper. The measurements were made in the sterile environment within the laboratory of Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology. The measurements have been made for the pair of electrodes 1-1 at the edge of the glass plate.

scholarly journals The Quality of Life of Suburbanities: A Case Study of the Gdańsk Agglomeration

2010 ◽  
Vol 14 (14) ◽  
pp. 91-101
Author(s):  
Grzegorz Masik
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Local Government ◽  
Public Transport ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Made In

The Quality of Life of Suburbanities: A Case Study of the Gdańsk Agglomeration The article explains the meaning of the concept of ‘quality of life’, placing emphasis on its subjective dimension. As the concept is more and more discussed in the literature, the author intends to examine the satisfaction within public spaces for which local government is responsible. According to research made in Canada it is worth measuring not only satisfaction as such but also the importance of its constituent dynamics. Therefore, a survey made in the suburbs of the Gdańsk agglomeration asked respondents about their satisfaction with public transport, roads, environment, etc., including questions about the relative importance of such issues. The combination of satisfaction and importance provide the overall quality of life. At the end of the paper the author considers if there is a chance to improve the quality of life through a brief analysis of local governments expenditure.

An analytical model of an I-cored coil located above a conductive material with a hole

2018 ◽  
Vol 82 (2) ◽  
pp. 21001
Author(s):  
Grzegorz Tytko ◽  
Leszek Dziczkowski
Keyword(s):  
Test Object ◽  
Middle Layer ◽  
Axially Symmetric ◽  
The Finite Element Method ◽  
Cylindrical Coordinate ◽  
Air Space ◽  
Through Hole ◽  
Tree Method ◽  
Good Agreement ◽  
Made In

The paper examines the problem of an axially symmetric I-cored coil located above a three-layered plate with a hole in the middle layer. A cylindrical coordinate system was applied, wherein the solution domain was truncated in the radial direction. The employment of the truncated region eigenfunction expansion (TREE) method resulted in deriving the final formulas for the change of the coil impedance with regard to the air space, and also pertaining to the test object without a flaw. Formulas for various configurations of the test object, among others for a surface hole, a subsurface hole and a through hole, have been presented. For the purpose of defectoscopy, the influence of the hole in the plate on the impedance components was investigated. The calculations were made in Matlab for frequencies from 100 Hz to 50 kHz. The obtained results were verified using the finite element method (FEM) in Comsol Multiphysics package. A very good agreement was observed in the case of both the resistance and reactance.

Progeny Testing in the Breeding of Farm Animals

1952 ◽  
Vol 1953 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivar Johansson ◽  
Alan Robertson
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Breeding Value ◽  
Progeny Testing ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
Breeding Values ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Made In

The progress in animal improvement depends on the accuracy with which the breeding value of each individual in the breed, or herd, is estimated, and how the animals chosen on the basis of our estimates are combined in matings. We are concerned here only with the first part of the problem, i.e. the estimation of breeding values. The estimates are made in regard to certain characters, or traits, which are of particular interest from an economic point of view, and they may be based on the phenotypic merit of the individual, or on the merits of its ancestors or collateral relatives, or on the merits of its progeny, in regard to the character in question. Often a combination of two, or three, or all four methods may be used. Their relative importance depends on the heritability of the character, as will be discussed later.

scholarly journals Heat Exchange over a Melting Snow Surface

1974 ◽  
Vol 13 (67) ◽  
pp. 55-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. C. De La CasinièRe
Keyword(s):  
Air Temperature ◽  
Thick Layer ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Turbulent Transfer ◽  
Snow Surface ◽  
Total Energy Balance ◽  
Principal Elements ◽  
Linear Expression ◽  
Exchange Surface ◽  
Made In

The relative importance of the principal elements of the thermal balance above snow during a period of melting has been evaluated using recent studies of the turbulent transfer in the boundary layer. Several anomalies in the profiles prove the continuing presence, near to the surface, of a thick layer of air apparently re-heated by the radiative flux. It is shown that the upper surface of this “exchange layer” ought to be considered as the new level for the origin of profiles, and taken as the exchange surface. The importance of nocturnal refreezing has been quantified. Excellent correlations have been found between mean air temperature and total energy balance; they have allowed the establishment of an approximate, non-linear expression for the effective daily ablation of snow as a function of mean air temperature. This relation gives satisfactory results at high and intermediate altitudes, in horizontal uncovered terrain. The measurements were made in the French Alps at 3550 m and in Spain at the latitude of Madrid à 1860 in.

Quantitative changes in fungal colony-forming units in the surface microlayers of two freshwater ponds

1984 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 578-586 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. S. Maki ◽  
S. C. Danos ◽  
C. C. Remsen
Keyword(s):  
Glass Plate ◽  
Surface Microlayer ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Freshwater Ponds ◽  
Colony Forming Units ◽  
Subsurface Waters ◽  
Quantitative Changes ◽  
Diel Fluctuations ◽  
Fungal Colony

The surface microlayer of two small ponds in Wisconsin were studied from March 1979 through November 1979 using glass plate and screen microlayer sampling devices. The numbers of fungal colony-forming units (CFU) in the surface microlayer were determined and compared with numbers in subsurface waters; diel fluctuations were correlated with nutrients; and experiments were conducted to estimate the contribution of spores to surface microlayer populations. The data obtained indicates that the highest number of fungal CFU were located in the surface microlayers of the ponds studied. The numbers present, as well as their enrichment in the surface microlayer, underwent both seasonal and diel fluctuations. Most of the fungal CFU in the surface microlayer appeared to be spores arriving from both allochthonous and autochthonous sources. Qualitative investigations would be necessary to determine the relative importance of either source to the total numbers of fungi observed.

Preliminary evaluation of display format effects on perceptibility in a low contrast ultrasound test object

1981 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Graham Sommer ◽  
Stelios C. Orphanoudakis ◽  
Kenneth J. W. Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Test Object ◽  
Preliminary Evaluation ◽  
Low Contrast ◽  
Display Format ◽  
Format Effects ◽  
Contrast Ultrasound

scholarly journals CEO compensation and subsequent firm performance: An empirical investigation

2004 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 86-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Stammerjohan
Keyword(s):  
Firm Performance ◽  
Stock Options ◽  
Ceo Compensation ◽  
Opposite Effect ◽  
Empirical Investigation ◽  
Stock Ownership ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Stage Model ◽  
Subsequent Performance ◽  
Made In

This study develops and uses a two-stage model to examine the correlation between the compensation of 137 CEO’s and the subsequent performance of the 56 companies they manage. This study tests both relationships suggested by the analytical compensation literature and several common assumptions made in the empirical compensation literature. The results suggest that the form of CEO compensation and the relative importance of personal stock ownership both have an effect on subsequent firm performance. Greater reliance on stock options, as a form of CEO compensation, is positively correlated with superior subsequent firm performance, while greater reliance on annual bonuses appears to have the opposite effect. The results also suggest that greater personal stock ownership may not provide the commonly assumed alignment of interest between CEO and stockholder.

scholarly journals Iterative tomography of pipes during operation

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 505-512
Author(s):  
S. A. Zolotarev ◽  
V. L. Vengrinovich ◽  
S. I. Smagin
Keyword(s):  
Wall Thickness ◽  
Pipe Wall ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Projection Data ◽  
Beam Hardening ◽  
Pipe Wall Thickness ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Angle Of View ◽  
Imaging Plates ◽  
Made In

The pipe wall thickness was estimated based on three-dimensional images of the pipe recovered from several X-ray projections, which were made in a limited angle of view. Since the effects of scattered radiation and beam hardening are up to 50 % of the main radiation, ignoring them leads to blur of the image and inaccuracy in determining dimensions. To restore pipe images from projections, a volume and/or shell representation of the pipe is used, as well as iterative Bayesian methods. Using these methods, the error in estimating the pipe wall thickness from the projection data can be equal to or less than 300 μm. It has been shown that standard X-ray projections on the film or imaging plates used to obtain data can be used to restore pipe wall thickness profiles in factory conditions.

scholarly journals Depth-of-cure of Bulk-fill Composites Cured in Tooth or Opaque Substrate

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 68-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brent W Church ◽  
Daranee Tantbirojn ◽  
Thuydung Do ◽  
Martha H Wells ◽  
Antheunis Versluis
Keyword(s):  
Vickers Hardness ◽  
Glass Plate ◽  
Pairwise Comparisons ◽  
Plaster Mold ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Depth Of Cure ◽  
Light Curing ◽  
Lower Depth ◽  
Natural Tooth ◽  
Made In

ABSTRACT Purpose To determine the effect of substrate on the depth-of-cure determination when using hardness profiles in a covered-slot technique and to introduce a new covered-slot method that uses tooth substrates. Materials and methods Three bulk-fill composites and one conventional composite were tested: Tetric EvoCeram Bulk Fill, Venus Bulk Fill, Filtek Bulk Fill Flowable, Filtek Supreme Ultra. The composites were light-cured in rectangular slots (2 mm deep, 2 mm wide) made in a plaster mold or an extracted tooth. The slots were covered with an orange glass plate during curing, leaving one end exposed for light-curing. After curing, the glass plate was removed and the sample was stored in the dark for 24 hours before Vickers hardness was measured as a function of depth at 0.5-mm intervals. Results were analyzed using two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and pairwise comparisons (significance level 0.05). Results The hardness of composites cured in covered-slot molds decreased with increasing depth (p < 0.001). Bulk-filled composites cured in plaster molds had a slightly lower depth-of-cure than those cured in natural tooth substrates. Differences between the tooth and plaster substrates were significant at all depths in the “packable” bulk-fill composite (Tetric EvoCeram Bulk Fill), and were significant at ≥2.5 and ≥3.5 mm in the flowable bulk-fill composites (Filtek Bulk Fill Flowable and Venus Bulk Fill) respectively. Conclusion Using natural tooth substrates in the covered-slot method increased the depth-of-cure of bulk-filled composites in comparison to opaque plaster molds. How to cite this article Church BW, Tantbirojn D, Do T, Wells MH, Versluis A. Depth-of-cure of Bulk-fill Composites Cured in Tooth or Opaque Substrate. Int J Experiment Dent Sci 2017;6(2):68-73.

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