The Reaction of Methyl Radicals with Neopentane

1973 ◽  
Vol 51 (15) ◽  
pp. 2415-2422 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip D. Pacey
Keyword(s):  
Rate Constant ◽  
Flow Reactor ◽  
Arrhenius Plot ◽  
Reactor System ◽  
Methyl Radicals ◽  
Temperature Ranges ◽  
Initiation Reaction ◽  
Good Agreement

Neopentane was pyrolyzed in a flow reactor system at 793–953 K and 20–400 mm Hg. The rate constant for the initiation reaction,[Formula: see text]calculated from the observed C2H6 yield, was 1017.7±0.3 exp (−356 ± 6 kJ mol−1/RT)s−1, in good agreement with earlier determinations in other temperature ranges. The rate constant of the reaction,[Formula: see text]calculated from the observed CH4 and C2H6 yields, was 1010.5 ± 0.1 exp (−67 ± 2 kJ mol−1/RT) 1 mol−1 s−1, four to ten times faster than predicted on the basis of earlier work at 404–608 K. From 404–953 K, the Arrhenius plot for this reaction is strongly curved.

The Initial Stages of the Pyrolysis of Dimethyl Ether

1975 ◽  
Vol 53 (18) ◽  
pp. 2742-2747 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip D. Pacey
Keyword(s):  
Dimethyl Ether ◽  
Rate Constant ◽  
Arrhenius Plot ◽  
Flow System ◽  
Order Rate Constant ◽  
Chain Termination ◽  
Rate Coefficients ◽  
First Order ◽  
Order Rate ◽  
Initiation Reaction

Dimethyl ether was pyrolized in a flow system at 782–936 K and 25–395 Torr with conversions from 0.2–10%. Product analyses were consistent with a simple Rice–Herzfeld mechanism with most chain termination by the recombination of CH3 radicals. The rate coefficients for both the initiation and termination reactions appeared to be slightly pressure dependent. The first-order rate constant for the initiation reaction,[Formula: see text]calculated from the rate of C2H6 formation, was k1 = 1015.0±0.5exp (−318 ± 8 kJ mol−1/RT) s−1, corresponding to ΔHf0(CH3O) = −5 ± 8 kJmol−1. Comparison of CH4 and C2H6 yields enabled calculation of the rate constant for the reaction of CH3 with dimethyl ether. From 373−936 K, the Arrhenius plot for this reaction is a curve.

The Reaction of Methyl Radicals with Molecular Hydrogen

1974 ◽  
Vol 52 (21) ◽  
pp. 3665-3670 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter C. Kobrinsky ◽  
Philip D. Pacey
Keyword(s):  
Rate Constant ◽  
Molecular Hydrogen ◽  
Arrhenius Plot ◽  
Flow System ◽  
Methyl Radicals

Mixtures of neopentane and hydrogen were pyrolyzed in a flow system at 826–968 K and 27–400 mm Hg. Measurements of the yields of CH4 and C2H6 at various conditions enabled calculation of the rate constant for[Formula: see text]at 926 and 829 K. The Arrhenius plot of these and earlier measurements from 372 to 1370 K is a curve, which can be represented by[Formula: see text]

The reaction of methyl radicals with formaldehyde in dimethyl ether pyrolysis

1978 ◽  
Vol 56 (10) ◽  
pp. 1307-1310 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kim C. Manthorne ◽  
Philip D. Pacey
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Dimethyl Ether ◽  
Rate Constant ◽  
Arrhenius Plot ◽  
Flow System ◽  
Methyl Radicals ◽  
Limiting Values

Dimethyl ether was pyrolyzed in a flow System at 788, 856, and 935 K and 38–401 Torr. Measurement of the yields of CH4 and C2H6 and of either H2 or CO enabled calculation of high pressure limiting values of the rate constant quotient k9k6−1/2, where reaction 9 is[Formula: see text]and reaction 6 is the recombination of two methyl radicals. Including literature data from 357–1005 K, the Arrhenius plot for this quotient is a curve.

scholarly journals The flow reactor system for in-line synthesis of semiconductor nanoparticle

2015 ◽  
Vol 643 ◽  
pp. 012016 ◽  
Author(s):  
O A Ryzhov ◽  
L B Matyushkin
Keyword(s):  
Flow Reactor ◽  
Reactor System ◽  
Semiconductor Nanoparticle

scholarly journals Flow Process Development and Optimization of A Suzuki-Miyaura Cross Coupling Reaction using Response Surface Methodology

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 604-616
Author(s):  
Girish Basavaraju ◽  
Ravishankar Rajanna
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Flow Reactor ◽  
Phenylboronic Acid ◽  
Coupling Reaction ◽  
Cross Coupling ◽  
Flow Process ◽  
Cross Coupling Reaction ◽  
Custom Made ◽  
Good Agreement

A custom-made tubular flow reactor was utilized to develop a mathematical model and optimize the Suzuki-Miyaura cross coupling reaction. In this study, the experimentation was designed and executed through the statistical design of experiments (DoE) approach via response surface methodology. The effect of molar ratios of phenylboronic acid (1) and 4-bromophenol (2), temperature, the catalyst tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium, and equivalence of aqueous tripotassium phosphate was studied in detail. The flow reactor profile was in good agreement with batch conditions and significant improvements to the overall reaction time and selectivity towards desired [1-1-biphenyl]-4-ol (3) was achieved. The Suzuki coupling reaction in batch condition would take on an average of 4 to 6 hours to complete, which was effectively accomplished in 60 to 70 minutes in this tubular reactor setup and could be operated continuously. The reaction model is in good agreement with the reaction conditions. Copyright © 2020 BCREC Group. All rights reserved 

Enhanced biodiesel synthesis from palm fatty acid distillate and modified sulfonated glucose catalyst via an oscillation flow reactor system

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 102993 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haruna Mavakumba Kefas ◽  
Robiah Yunus ◽  
Umer Rashid ◽  
Yun Hin Taufiq-Yap
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Flow Reactor ◽  
Reactor System ◽  
Palm Fatty Acid Distillate ◽  
Biodiesel Synthesis ◽  
Fatty Acid Distillate

Flow-controlled synthesis of gold nanoparticles in a biphasic system with inline liquid–liquid separation

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 356-366 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edith Chow ◽  
Burkhard Raguse ◽  
Enrico Della Gaspera ◽  
Steven J. Barrow ◽  
Jungmi Hong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
Flow Reactor ◽  
Reactor System ◽  
Biphasic System ◽  
Controlled Synthesis ◽  
Liquid Separation

4-Dimethylaminopyridine-stabilised gold nanoparticles are synthesised in a biphasic flow reactor system using organic/aqueous membrane separators and gas-permeable tubing.

scholarly journals Atmospheric-Pressure Pulsed Discharge Plasma in a Slug Flow Reactor System for the Synthesis of Gold Nanoparticles

ACS Omega ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (28) ◽  
pp. 17679-17685
Author(s):  
Motoki Yamada ◽  
Wahyudiono ◽  
Siti Machmudah ◽  
Hideki Kanda ◽  
Yaping Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
Atmospheric Pressure ◽  
Slug Flow ◽  
Discharge Plasma ◽  
Flow Reactor ◽  
Reactor System ◽  
Pulsed Discharge ◽  
Pulsed Discharge Plasma

Atomic Layer Deposition for Improved Stability of Catalysts for the Conversion of Biomass to Chemicals and Fuels

2011 ◽  
Vol 1366 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monika K. Wiedmann ◽  
Yomaira J. Pagan-Torres ◽  
Mark H. Tucker ◽  
James A. Dumesic ◽  
T. F. Kuech
Keyword(s):  
Atomic Layer Deposition ◽  
Metal Oxides ◽  
Rate Constant ◽  
Flow Reactor ◽  
Atomic Layer ◽  
Deactivation Rate ◽  
Layer Deposition ◽  
Improved Stability ◽  
Deactivation Rate Constant ◽  
Acid Catalyzed

ABSTRACTAtomic layer deposition (ALD) has been used to coat SBA-15 and functionalized SBA-15 with various metal oxides. Use of SBA-15 coated with 4-10 ALD cycles of titania, alumina, niobia, or zirconia in the acid-catalyzed dehydration of fructose to 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) resulted in 24-57% conversion, with 0-22% selectivity, at 130 °C with 2 wt % fructose in 4:1 THF:H2O. Propylsulfonic acid functionalized SBA-15 (SBA-15-PrSO3H) had a 25% conversion and 48% selectivity for HMF under the same conditions. SBA-15-PrSO3H was also coated with 2 ALD cycles of titania followed by 8 ALD cycles silica. The deactivation rate constant for SBA-15-PrSO3H was 2.7 x 10-2 h-1 for the dehydration of fructose to HMF in a flow reactor at 130 °C with a feed of 2 wt % fructose in 4:1 THF:H2O. In comparison, the deactivation rate constant for the ALD coated SBA-15-PrSO3H-ALD was 7.9 x 10-3 h-1.

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