Studies on the heterophyid trematode Apophallus brevis, the "sand-grain grub" of yellow perch (Perca flavescens). II The metacercaria: position, structure, and composition of the cyst; hosts; geographical distribution and variation

1972 ◽  
Vol 50 (5) ◽  
pp. 577-584 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norman R. Sinclair
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Site Selection ◽  
Yellow Perch ◽  
Geographical Variation ◽  
Perca Flavescens ◽  
Fish Bone ◽  
Cape Cod ◽  
Patchy Distribution

The metacercarial cyst of Apophallus brevis, the "sand-grain grub," is composed of fish bone within peripheral blood vessels of yellow perch (Perca flavescens) forming a tire-like structure; two escape canals are maintained opposite each other. In thin section, lines indicating interruption of growth apparently delimit annual incrementation as in scales and other bony structures of fish. Cysts are oriented with their long axes paralleling the long axis of a host's body with escape canals contiguous to walls of enclosing blood vessels. Cysts of A. brevis in situ at times appear partially or entirely pigmented but are actually transparent; pigmentation, when present, is a phenomenon of a cyst's position within certain types of blood vessels and is not an integral part of a cyst's construction. The organism as a metacercaria is almost exclusively a parasite of yellow perch (known deviations are noted) and is apparently confined to North America, having a known broad range from Saskatchewan to Cape Cod. Massachusetts. Distribution is extremely diffuse and appears dependent on patchy distribution of the organism's molluscan host, Amnicola limosa. Geographical variation in cyst site selection and clustering indicates some sort of intraspecies inhibition on the part of metacercariae of A. brevis.

scholarly journals 15. The Comparative Toxicity of two Canadian Diluted Bitumens to Developing Yellow Perch (Perca flavescens)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denby McDonnell
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Oil Sands ◽  
Yellow Perch ◽  
Perca Flavescens ◽  
Toxic Effects ◽  
Expression Of Genes ◽  
Water Accommodated Fractions ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Increasing Demand ◽  
Cold Lake

Increasing demand for diluted bitumen (dilbit) has led to the development of the Alberta oil sands industry and the expansion of current and future transcontinental pipelines. However, the growth of oil transportation has led to public concern about the effects of potential dilbit spills to aquatic ecosystems. Although the toxic effects of crude oils through exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) are well characterized, little is known about the toxic effects of dilbit because of the variable proportions of diluent added to bitumen. Here we assessed the toxicity of the two most transported dilbits in Canada, Access Western Blend (AWB) and Cold Lake Blend (CLB) to developing yellow perch (Perca flavescens), a species distributed throughout North America. Embryos were exposed to dilbit until hatch, or up to 16 days, using a static daily renewal treatment regime of water accommodated fractions (WAF) and chemically-enhanced water accommodated fractions (CEWAF) of dilbit at total PAH (TPAH) concentration ranges of 0.02 to 10.7 μg/L and 0.21 to 20.4 μg/L TPAH, respectively. Results show that with increased TPAH concentration, the frequency of hatched embryos with developmental malformations increased proportionally. Expression of genes associated with phase I and II detoxification, cellular stress, and xenobiotic metabolism were altered in higher TPAH concentrations. This is the first study assessing the toxicity of both AWB and CLB dilbits on wild-sourced fish. With recent approvals of pipelines in North America, these biomarkers will assist risk assessments and monitoring of Canadian ecosystems should a pipeline spill occur.  

Evidence of impaired health in yellow perch (Perca flavescens) from a biological mercury hotspot in northeastern north America

2013 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 627-637 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katharina L. Batchelar ◽  
Karen A. Kidd ◽  
Paul E. Drevnick ◽  
Kelly R. Munkittrick ◽  
Neil M. Burgess ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Yellow Perch ◽  
Perca Flavescens ◽  
Northeastern North America ◽  
Impaired Health

Bioenergetic costs of heavy metal exposure in yellow perch (Perca flavescens): in situ estimates with a radiotracer (137Cs) technique

2000 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 441-450 ◽  
Author(s):  
Graham D Sherwood ◽  
Joseph B Rasmussen ◽  
David J Rowan ◽  
Julie Brodeur ◽  
Alice Hontela
Keyword(s):  
Yellow Perch ◽  
Sublethal Effects ◽  
Perca Flavescens ◽  
Sublethal Effect ◽  
Toxicity Assessment ◽  
Fish Growth ◽  
Metal Exposure ◽  
Energetic Efficiency ◽  
Biological Organization

While the flow of energy is understood to determine the growth of organisms and the productivity of ecosystems, little is known about the sublethal effect of pollutants on the energetic efficiency of wild populations. We used field estimates of fish growth coupled to in situ estimates of food consumption rates obtained from the mass balance of a globally dispersed, trophically transferred radiotracer (137Cs) to demonstrate the bioenergetic impairment of yellow perch (Perca flavescens) from lakes polluted by heavy metals (Cd, Cu, and Zn). Annual growth increment relative to the total energy budget (conversion efficiency) was about three times lower in cortisol-impaired yellow perch from metal-polluted lakes relative to yellow perch from reference lakes (4.2% compared with 10.8%), suggesting that fish exposed to pollutants experienced greater total energetic costs. In addition, metal-polluted lakes were dominated by adult yellow perch populations and simplified prey bases, suggesting that effects are occurring at multiple levels of biological organization. Our in situ bioenergetic approach to toxicity assessment provides a measurable and ecologically relevant endpoint for assessing the sublethal effects of pollutants on fish communities.

Daily Ration of Yellow Perch (Perca flavescens) from Lake Memphremagog, Quebec–Vermont, with a Comparison of Methods for In Situ Determinations

1978 ◽  
Vol 35 (12) ◽  
pp. 1597-1603 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian S. Nakashima ◽  
William C. Leggett
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Size ◽  
Yellow Perch ◽  
Diet Composition ◽  
Seasonal Pattern ◽  
Feeding Activity ◽  
Perca Flavescens ◽  
Complex Method ◽  
Daily Ration

In situ estimates of daily ration for yellow perch (Perca flavescens) range from a high of 5.5–6.7% body weight in July to a low of 2.2–2.4% body weight in October. The seasonal pattern corresponds well to known patterns of growth. Comparison of three methods for in situ determination of daily ration levels indicated the method outlined here and the more complex method of Thorpe yield similar results. The method of Keast and Welsh and derivatives of this method which correct for digestion between sampling periods give unreliable values that are 50% below the other two and, in general, are below maintenance ration levels. Diet composition and feeding activity varied seasonally and with body size. Key words: body size relationships, diet composition, seasonality

Metabolic Allometry of Larval and Juvenile Yellow Perch (Perca flavescens): In Situ Estimates and Bioenergetic Models

1990 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 554-560 ◽  
Author(s):  
John R. Post
Keyword(s):  
Food Consumption ◽  
Yellow Perch ◽  
Prey Availability ◽  
Juvenile Fish ◽  
Perca Flavescens ◽  
Growth Dynamics ◽  
Model Simulations ◽  
Consumption Rates ◽  
Young Of The Year

Measurements of in situ food consumption and growth rates of young-of-the-year (YOY) yellow perch, Perca flavescens, indicated that extrapolations of the metabolic allometry of adult perch to larval and juvenile perch were inappropriate. YOY active metabolism had the same weight dependent slope as adults but was 4.4 times adult standard respiration. Adult active respiration is typically 1–2 times standard. YOY consumption rates were also higher than predicted from adult allometry. Model simulations demonstrate that consumption and growth dynamics of larval and juvenile fish are more sensitive to variation in temperature and prey availability than are adults.

Size-Dependent Overwinter Mortality of Young-of-the-Year Yellow Perch (Perca flavescens): Laboratory, In Situ Enclosure, and Field Experiments

1989 ◽  
Vol 46 (11) ◽  
pp. 1958-1968 ◽  
Author(s):  
John R. Post ◽  
David O. Evans
Keyword(s):  
Yellow Perch ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Perca Flavescens ◽  
Total Mortality ◽  
Small Fish ◽  
Selective Mortality ◽  
Size Dependent ◽  
Young Of The Year ◽  
Overwinter Mortality

In laboratory experiments, fed and starved young-of-the-year yellow perch (Perca flavescens) lost weight when kept under simulated overwinter temperature and photoperiod regimes, small fish losing a greater proportion of their mass than larger ones. Perch in fed and starved treatments suffered 1 and 46% mortality, respectively, mortality being higher among the smaller individuals. Winter duration was an important determinant of both total mortality and the intensity of size-selective mortality. Size-selective mortality also occurred in yellow perch from the same stock kept overwinter in an in situ lake enclosure with natural food. Fall and spring population estimates for two cohorts of young-of-the-year yellow perch from Lake St. George also indicated the occurence of size-selective overwinter mortality. We present a quantitative technique for identification of size-dependent mortality and size-dependent growth from sequential length frequency distributions. This technique allowed identification of overwinter size-selective mortality for five natural cohorts sampled in the field. Results from a stochastic simulation model, incorporating observed variability in both first year growth and winter duration suggest that overwinter starvation mortality can cause substantial variability in year-class strength that is independent of adult stock size.

An In Situ Experimental Evaluation of the Elliott and Persson and the Eggers Models for Estimating Fish Daily Ration

1988 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 138-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Boisclair ◽  
W. C. Leggett
Keyword(s):  
Confidence Intervals ◽  
Experimental Evaluation ◽  
Yellow Perch ◽  
Perca Flavescens ◽  
Sampling Frequency ◽  
Daily Ration ◽  
Fish Feeding ◽  
Feeding Periodicity ◽  
Sampling Event

We compared estimates of daily ration developed using the theoretically rigorous and logistically demanding Elliott and Persson model and the more easily applied Eggers model which is infrequently used because of its assumptions about rigid fish feeding periodicity. Comparisons were based on ten 24-h samplings of six different yellow perch (Perca flavescens) populations. Daily ration estimates from the two models did not differ significantly. This consistency occurred in spite of the fact that in some cases the observed feeding periodicity violated the assumptions of the Eggers model. A simulation model demonstrated that 95% confidence intervals were smallest for the Eggers estimates and that the Eggers model was more robust than the Elliott and Persson model to changes in both sampling frequency and number offish sacrificed at each sampling event. The latter proved particularly sensitive to changes in sampling frequency. We concluded that the two models provide estimates of daily ration comparable in magnitude and accuracy and consequently that the restriction of the Eggers model to fish with rigid feeding periodicity is not justified. Furthermore, the Eggers model, because of its robustness, reduces the sampling requirements to determine daily ration, and hence, permits its estimation on a more frequent basis.

scholarly journals Time-dependent biological responses of juvenile yellow perch (Perca flavescens) exposed in situ to a major urban effluent

2021 ◽  
Vol 222 ◽  
pp. 112483
Author(s):  
Michel A. Defo ◽  
Laurie Mercier ◽  
Conrad Beauvais ◽  
Robert B. Brua ◽  
Gerald Tétreault ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Yellow Perch ◽  
Perca Flavescens ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
Biological Responses ◽  
Urban Effluent
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