Annual variations in the circulating levels of thyroid hormones in the brook trout, Salvelinus fontinalis, as measured by radioimmunoassay

1977 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 475-481 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruce A. White ◽  
Nancy E. Henderson
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Thyroid Hormones ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Brook Trout ◽  
Salvelinus Fontinalis ◽  
Plasma Samples ◽  
Annual Variations ◽  
Circulating Levels

Circulating levels of L-thyroxine (T4) and 3,5,3′-triiodo-L-thyronine (T3) in plasma of adult brook trout, Salvelinus fontinalis (Mitchill), were measured by radioimmunoassay. Plasma levels of T4 varied from 0.8 to 3.7 ng/ml and T3 from 2.4 to 8.6 ng/ml over a 12-month period. Maximal levels of both hormones occurred in midspring and minimal levels in early November at the time of spawning. T3 titres were consistently higher than those of T4. All plasma samples were collected between 1030 and 1200 hours. A pilot study suggests that T3 and T4 concentrations also vary on a diurnal basis.

Diel and Seasonal Changes in Resting Levels of Various Blood Parameters in Brook Trout (Salvelinus fontinalis)

1992 ◽  
Vol 49 (5) ◽  
pp. 870-877 ◽  
Author(s):  
Céline Audet ◽  
Guy Claireaux
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Hormones ◽  
Seasonal Changes ◽  
Brook Trout ◽  
Salvelinus Fontinalis ◽  
Plasma Osmolality ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Seasonal Cycles ◽  
Temperature Plasma ◽  
Diel Cycles ◽  
Natural Photoperiod

Plasma osmolality, chloride, glucose, Cortisol, thyroid hormones, and blood hematocrit all varied seasonally in freshwater-adapted, age 1 + brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) kept under natural photoperiod and water temperatures. In addition, plasma osmolality, Cortisol, and thyroxine all displayed diel cycles that differed from month to month. High Cortisol levels were related to sexual maturation and possibly to low water temperatures. Seasonal cycles of plasma thyroid hormones did not seem to be influenced by water temperature. Plasma osmolality, chloride, glucose, and thyroxine showed small but significant seasonal changes similar to the variations observed at the time of smoltification in other salmonid species.

Dosage of phenytoin in neurocritical patients using Bayesian algorithms: a pilot study

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Muñoz-Pichuante ◽  
Lorenzo Villa Zapata ◽  
Salvador Cabrera ◽  
Ximena Lagos ◽  
Juan Grandjean
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Plasma Level ◽  
Therapeutic Range ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Dosage Adjustment ◽  
Optimal Dosage ◽  
Plasma Samples ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Variability ◽  
Narrow Therapeutic Range

Abstract Phenytoin is widely used in neurocritical patients. Owing to its high pharmacokinetic variability and narrow therapeutic range, plasma level-guided dosing has become the standard. Bayesian prediction (BP) is considered the most flexible and precise pharmacokinetic strategy among several options. A retrospective study of BP dosage adjustment in 20 patients (35 plasma measures) was developed. Results indicated that 70% of phenytoin plasma levels of first plasma samples were beyond the therapeutic range. Phenytoin doses were also estimated according to BP for all patients. The measurements confirmed the ability of the strategy to lead to optimal dosage in 80% of patients, thus indicating a three-fold improvement over the basing dosage adjustment recommended in the literature.

Elevated Tissue Factor and Tissue Factor Pathway Inhibitor Circulating Levels in Ischaemic Heart Disease Patients

1998 ◽  
Vol 79 (03) ◽  
pp. 495-499 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Maria Gori ◽  
Sandra Fedi ◽  
Ludia Chiarugi ◽  
Ignazio Simonetti ◽  
Roberto Piero Dabizzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Disease ◽  
Ischaemic Heart Disease ◽  
Tissue Factor ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Tissue Factor Pathway Inhibitor ◽  
Common Source ◽  
Previous Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Tissue Factor Pathway ◽  
Circulating Levels

SummarySeveral studies have shown that thrombosis and inflammation play an important role in the pathogenesis of Ischaemic Heart Disease (IHD). In particular, Tissue Factor (TF) is responsible for the thrombogenicity of the atherosclerotic plaque and plays a key role in triggering thrombin generation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the TF/Tissue Factor Pathway Inhibitor (TFPI) system in patients with IHD.We have studied 55 patients with IHD and not on heparin [18 with unstable angina (UA), 24 with effort angina (EA) and 13 with previous myocardial infarction (MI)] and 48 sex- and age-matched healthy volunteers, by measuring plasma levels of TF, TFPI, Prothrombin Fragment 1-2 (F1+2), and Thrombin Antithrombin Complexes (TAT).TF plasma levels in IHD patients (median 215.4 pg/ml; range 72.6 to 834.3 pg/ml) were significantly (p<0.001) higher than those found in control subjects (median 142.5 pg/ml; range 28.0-255.3 pg/ml).Similarly, TFPI plasma levels in IHD patients were significantly higher (median 129.0 ng/ml; range 30.3-316.8 ng/ml; p <0.001) than those found in control subjects (median 60.4 ng/ml; range 20.8-151.3 ng/ml). UA patients showed higher amounts of TF and TFPI plasma levels (TF median 255.6 pg/ml; range 148.8-834.3 pg/ml; TFPI median 137.7 ng/ml; range 38.3-316.8 ng/ml) than patients with EA (TF median 182.0 pg/ml; range 72.6-380.0 pg/ml; TFPI median 115.2 ng/ml; range 47.0-196.8 ng/ml) and MI (TF median 213.9 pg/ml; range 125.0 to 341.9 pg/ml; TFPI median 130.5 ng/ml; range 94.0-207.8 ng/ml). Similar levels of TF and TFPI were found in patients with mono- or bivasal coronary lesions. A positive correlation was observed between TF and TFPI plasma levels (r = 0.57, p <0.001). Excess thrombin formation in patients with IHD was documented by TAT (median 5.2 μg/l; range 1.7-21.0 μg/l) and F1+2 levels (median 1.4 nmol/l; range 0.6 to 6.2 nmol/l) both significantly higher (p <0.001) than those found in control subjects (TAT median 2.3 μg/l; range 1.4-4.2 μg/l; F1+2 median 0.7 nmol/l; range 0.3-1.3 nmol/l).As in other conditions associated with cell-mediated clotting activation (cancer and DIC), also in IHD high levels of circulating TF are present. Endothelial cells and monocytes are the possible common source of TF and TFPI. The blood clotting activation observed in these patients may be related to elevated TF circulating levels not sufficiently inhibited by the elevated TFPI plasma levels present.

The Involvement of Platelets and the Coronary Vasculature in Collagen-Induced Sudden Death in Rabbits

1985 ◽  
Vol 53 (01) ◽  
pp. 070-074 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Mallarkey ◽  
G M Smith
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Platelet Count ◽  
Sudden Death ◽  
Myocardial Ischaemia ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Sodium Citrate ◽  
Plasma Samples ◽  
Calcium Entry Blockers

SummaryThe mechanism of collagen-induced sudden death in rabbits was studied by measuring blood pressure (BP), heart rate, ECG, the continuous platelet count and the plasma levels of thromboxane B2 (TxB2) and 6-keto prostaglandin Fia (6-keto PGF1α). Death was preceded by myocardial ischaemia and a sharp fall in BP which occurred before any fall in platelet count was observed. The calcium entry blockers (CEBs), verapamil, nifedipine and PY 108-068 protected the rabbits from sudden death without any significant effect on the decrease in the platelet count or increase in plasma TxB2 levels. 6-keto PGF1α could not be detected in any plasma samples. Indomethacin and tri-sodium citrate also protected the rabbits but significantly reduced the fall in platelet count and plasma TxB2. In vitro studies on isolated aortae indicated that verapamil non-specifically inhibited vasoconstriction induced by KC1, adrenaline and U46619 (a thromboxane agonist). It is concluded that CEBs physiologically antagonize the vasoconstricting actions of platelet-derived substances and that it is coronary vasoconstriction that is primarily the cause of death.

scholarly journals Alterations in lipid profile upon uterine fibroids and its recurrence

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Narine M. Tonoyan ◽  
Vitaliy V. Chagovets ◽  
Natalia L. Starodubtseva ◽  
Alisa O. Tokareva ◽  
Konstantin Chingin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Blood Plasma ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Uterine Fibroids ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cholesterol Esters ◽  
Plasma Samples ◽  
Diagnostic Models ◽  
First Time

AbstractUterine fibroids (UF) is the most common (about 70% cases) type of gynecological disease, with the recurrence rate varying from 11 to 40%. Because UF has no distinct symptomatology and is often asymptomatic, the specific and sensitive diagnosis of UF as well as the assessment for the probability of UF recurrence pose considerable challenge. The aim of this study was to characterize alterations in the lipid profile of tissues associated with the first-time diagnosed UF and recurrent uterine fibroids (RUF) and to explore the potential of mass spectrometry (MS) lipidomics analysis of blood plasma samples for the sensitive and specific determination of UF and RUF with low invasiveness of analysis. MS analysis of lipid levels in the myometrium tissues, fibroids tissues and blood plasma samples was carried out on 66 patients, including 35 patients with first-time diagnosed UF and 31 patients with RUF. The control group consisted of 15 patients who underwent surgical treatment for the intrauterine septum. Fibroids and myometrium tissue samples were analyzed using direct MS approach. Blood plasma samples were analyzed using high performance liquid chromatography hyphened with mass spectrometry (HPLC/MS). MS data were processed by discriminant analysis with projection into latent structures (OPLS-DA). Significant differences were found between the first-time UF, RUF and control group in the levels of lipids involved in the metabolism of glycerophospholipids, sphingolipids, lipids with an ether bond, triglycerides and fatty acids. Significant differences between the control group and the groups with UF and RUF were found in the blood plasma levels of cholesterol esters, triacylglycerols, (lyso) phosphatidylcholines and sphingomyelins. Significant differences between the UF and RUF groups were found in the blood plasma levels of cholesterol esters, phosphotidylcholines, sphingomyelins and triacylglycerols. Diagnostic models based on the selected differential lipids using logistic regression showed sensitivity and specificity of 88% and 86% for the diagnosis of first-time UF and 95% and 79% for RUF, accordingly. This study confirms the involvement of lipids in the pathogenesis of uterine fibroids. A diagnostically significant panel of differential lipid species has been identified for the diagnosis of UF and RUF by low-invasive blood plasma analysis. The developed diagnostic models demonstrated high potential for clinical use and further research in this direction.

Exotic “Gill Lice” Species (Copepoda: Lernaeopodidae:SalmincolaSPP.) Infect Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and Brook Trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) in the Southeastern United States

2017 ◽  
Vol 103 (4) ◽  
pp. 377-389 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos F. Ruiz ◽  
Jacob M. Rash ◽  
Doug A. Besler ◽  
Jackson R. Roberts ◽  
Micah B. Warren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Brook Trout ◽  
Salvelinus Fontinalis ◽  
Southeastern United States ◽  
Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus Mykiss

Parasite-induced susceptibility to predation in diplostomiasis

Parasitology ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 85 (3) ◽  
pp. 495-501 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Brassard ◽  
M. E. Rau ◽  
M. A. Curtis
Keyword(s):  
Brook Trout ◽  
Salvelinus Fontinalis ◽  
Marked Decrease ◽  
Infected Fish ◽  
Induced Susceptibility ◽  
Diplostomum Spathaceum

Guppies (Lebistes reticulatis) exposed to doses as low as 25 cercariae of Diplostomum spathaceum for 30 min were consistently and significantly more susceptible to predation by brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) than uninfected controls. The increase in susceptibility to predation was correlated with a marked decrease in the activity of infected fish.

scholarly journals Brook trout passage performance through culverts

2016 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 94-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elsa Goerig ◽  
Theodore Castro-Santos ◽  
Normand Émile Bergeron
Keyword(s):  
Brook Trout ◽  
Salvelinus Fontinalis ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Passive Integrated Transponder ◽  
Complex Interactions ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Several Variables ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Steep Slopes ◽  
Corrugated Metal

Culverts can restrict access to habitat for stream-dwelling fishes. We used passive integrated transponder telemetry to quantify passage performance of >1000 wild brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) attempting to pass 13 culverts in Quebec under a range of hydraulic and environmental conditions. Several variables influenced passage success, including complex interactions between physiology and behavior, hydraulics, and structural characteristics. The probability of successful passage was greater through corrugated metal culverts than through smooth ones, particularly among smaller fish. Trout were also more likely to pass at warmer temperatures, but this effect diminished above 15 °C. Passage was impeded at higher flows, through culverts with steep slopes, and those with deep downstream pools. This study provides insight on factors influencing brook trout capacity to pass culverts as well as a model to estimate passage success under various conditions, with an improved resolution and accuracy over existing approaches. It also presents methods that could be used to investigate passage success of other species, with implications for connectivity of the riverscape.

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