Incubation weight loss in the mallard

1983 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 565-569 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald C. Gatti
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Anas Platyrhynchos ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Population Changes ◽  
Initial Body Weight ◽  
The Relationship

Incubating mallard (Anas platyrhynchos) hens were trapped on their nests in southern Manitoba during 1975–1977 to document weight trends. In 1975, hens lost an average of 7.4 g per day incubating, 18% of the calculated initial body weight. Weight lost during incubation was greatest (27%) for early nesting hens and lowest in late nesting hens (11%). Weight loss patterns were less clear but changes were lower in magnitude in 1976. Possible explanations relating to weather and local population changes are discussed. Recapture weights of individual hens support the relationship between incubation weight loss and nesting chronology.

scholarly journals Exercise, weight loss, and changes in body composition in mice: phenotypic relationships and genetic architecture

2011 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 199-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott A. Kelly ◽  
Derrick L. Nehrenberg ◽  
Kunjie Hua ◽  
Theodore Garland ◽  
Daniel Pomp
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Genetic Architecture ◽  
Interval Mapping ◽  
Voluntary Exercise ◽  
Exercise Induced ◽  
Running Wheels ◽  
The Relationship

The regulation of body weight and composition is complex, simultaneously affected by genetic architecture, the environment, and their interactions. We sought to analyze the complex phenotypic relationships between voluntary exercise, food consumption, and changes in body weight and composition and simultaneously localize quantitative trait loci (QTL) controlling these traits. A large ( n = 815) murine advanced intercross line (G4) was created from a reciprocal cross between a high-running line and the inbred strain C57BL/6J. Body weight and composition (% fat, % lean) were measured at 4, 6, and 8 wk of age. After measurements at 8 wk of age, mice were given access to running wheels, during which food consumption was quantified and after which body weight and composition were assessed to evaluate exercise-induced changes. Phenotypic correlations indicated that the relationship between exercise and overall change in weight and adiposity depended on body composition before the initiation of exercise. Interval mapping revealed QTL for body weight, % fat, and % lean at 4, 6, and 8 wk of age. Furthermore, QTL were observed for food consumption and changes in weight, % fat, and % lean in response to short-term exercise. Here we provide some clarity for the relationship between weight loss, reduction in adiposity, food consumption, and exercise. Simultaneously, we reinforce the genetic basis for body weight and composition with some independent loci controlling growth at different ages. Finally, we present unique QTL providing insight regarding variation in weight loss and reduction in adiposity in response to exercise.

scholarly journals Breakfast consumption and weight-loss maintenance: results from the MedWeight study

2016 ◽  
Vol 115 (12) ◽  
pp. 2246-2251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dora Brikou ◽  
Dimitra Zannidi ◽  
Eleni Karfopoulou ◽  
Costas A. Anastasiou ◽  
Mary Yannakoulia
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Eating Behaviour ◽  
Weight Loss Maintenance ◽  
Precise Definition ◽  
Confounding Factors ◽  
Initial Body Weight ◽  
Breakfast Consumption ◽  
At Home

AbstractDaily breakfast consumption is a common eating behaviour among people who have maintained their weight loss after weight-loss management. However, there is not a precise definition for breakfast in the literature. The purpose of this study was to investigate potential associations between breakfast consumption (based on several definitions) and weight-loss maintenance, as well as to explore differences in breakfast quality between individuals who managed to maintain part of the weight loss and in those who regained weight loss. The study sample consisted of 354 participants of the MedWeight study (age: 32 (sd 10) years, 61 % women) who had lost ≥10 % of their initial body weight and either maintained the loss for ≥1 year (maintainers, n 257) or regained weight loss (regainers, n 97). Participants completed online questionnaires and reported their dietary intake through two telephone 24-h recalls. Breakfast consumption was evaluated using twelve different definitions. The analysis indicated that breakfast consumption was associated with weight-loss maintenance only in men, when using self-reported breakfast consumption or the following breakfast definitions: (1) the first eating episode consumed at home and (2) the first eating episode consumed at home excluding caffeinated drinks. This association remained statistically significant even after adjustment for potential confounding factors. Thus, breakfast, the first eating episode of the day, when consumed at home, may be protective against weight regaining.

Feeding of heifers for survival on whole and cracked sorghum grain under simulated drought conditions

1968 ◽  
Vol 8 (35) ◽  
pp. 668 ◽  
Author(s):  
JG Morris
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Body Weight Loss ◽  
Initial Body Weight ◽  
Fresh Weight Basis ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Simulated Drought ◽  
Sorghum Grain ◽  
Body Energy

Groups of Hereford heifers of a mean (� SE.) body weight 187 � 3 kg were fed in yards a sole ration of sorghum grain + one per cent limestone for 26 weeks. Four groups were fed the equivalent of 1.36 kg of sorghum grain per head per day as either whole or cracked grain at either daily or twice weekly intervals. A fifth group was fed 1.64 kg of whole sorghum grain per head per day which provided a digestible dry matter intake comparable to that of 1.36 kg of cracked grain. When heifers were fed the same quantity of dry matter as whole and cracked grain, the rate of body weight loss of those fed whole grain was significantly greater than that of those fed cracked grain; and the rate of body weight loss of those fed daily was significantly greater than that of those fed twice weekly. With similar intakes of digestible dry matter from whole and cracked grain, there was no significant difference in the rate of body weight loss. Heifers from sub-groups of high initial body weight lost significantly more body weight than heifers from sub-groups of low initial body weight. The whole bodies of three heifers that died from undernutrition contained less than 0.3 per cent ether extract on a fresh weight basis, indicating complete exhaustion of body energy reserves.

Weight loss of Microtus pennsylvanicus as a result of trap confinement

1977 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 426-429 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian F. Bietz ◽  
Paul H. Whitney ◽  
Paul K. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Microtus Pennsylvanicus ◽  
Initial Body Weight

Subadult and adult Microtus pennsylvanicus were confined in the field in Longworth live traps which were covered with a cedar shingle for insulation and supplied with rolled oats for food and cotton for nesting. Both groups consistently lost about 10% of their initial body weight during confinement. Adults lost significantly more weight in early May than in mid-June, and adults captured in early May did not regain lost weight as rapidly as adults captured in June or July.

Ineffectiveness of commercial weight-loss programs for achieving modest but meaningful weight loss: Systematic review and meta-analysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (12) ◽  
pp. 1614-1627 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samantha M McEvedy ◽  
Gillian Sullivan-Mort ◽  
Siân A McLean ◽  
Michaela C Pascoe ◽  
Susan J Paxton
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Initial Body Weight ◽  
Intention To Treat ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Weight Loss Programs ◽  
Weight One ◽  
Calorie Counting

This study collates existing evidence regarding weight loss among overweight but otherwise healthy adults who use commercial weight-loss programs. Systematic search of 3 databases identified 11 randomized controlled trials and 14 observational studies of commercial meal-replacement, calorie-counting, or pre-packaged meal programs which met inclusion criteria. In meta-analysis using intention-to-treat data, 57 percent of individuals who commenced a commercial weight program lost less than 5 percent of their initial body weight. One in two (49%) studies reported attrition ≥30 percent. A second meta-analysis found that 37 percent of program completers lost less than 5 percent of initial body weight. We conclude that commercial weight-loss programs frequently fail to produce modest but clinically meaningful weight loss with high rates of attrition suggesting that many consumers find dietary changes required by these programs unsustainable.

scholarly journals Can Weight Watchers (WW) Help Address Maternal Obesity? An Audit of Weight Change in Women of Childbearing Age and Mothers-To-Be, Referred into a Commercial Slimming Programme

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen Tocque ◽  
Lynne Kennedy
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Management ◽  
Women Of Childbearing Age ◽  
Childbearing Age ◽  
Initial Body Weight ◽  
Intention To Treat ◽  
Weight Watchers ◽  
Median Weight Loss ◽  
Management Services

Abstract Objectives The scale of overweight and obesity amongst women of childbearing age or mothers to be, living in Wales, places a considerable burden on the NHS and public health. High BMI (over 30) during pregnancy increases the health risks for mother and baby. Policy advice recommends weight management services are available to help women lose weight before and whilst planning pregnancy. In parts of Wales, NHS partnerships with commercial companies provide weight management services for women considering or planning pregnancy. This study evaluates whether an established referral Weight Watchers (WW) programme, known to be effective in adults in England, can help mothers-to-be living in North Wales lose weight. Methods Analysis used routine data from 82 referrals to WW between June 2013 and January 2015. Participants received a referral letter inviting them to attend face-to-face group workshops combined with a digital experience. The programme encompassed healthy eating, physical activity and positive mind-set. Trained WW staff measured bodyweight before, during and at 12 weeks. On entry to the course, participants had a median age of 31.4 years (interquartile range (IQR) 28–34) with a median BMI of 36.8 kg/m2 (IQR 33.3–43.7). Results Women completing the course (n = 34) had a median weight loss of 5.65 kg (IQR 0.45–10.85), equating to 5.7% (SD 3.46) of initial body weight. Intention-to-treat analysis (last observation carried forward), which included lapsed courses n = 66, showed a median weight loss of 3.6 kg (IQR − 2.53 to 9.73), equating to 3.7% (SD 3.62) of initial body weight. Overall, there was significant weight loss during the WW programme (Wilcoxon signed rank test Z = − 6.16; p < 0.001). Weight loss was significantly correlated with the number of workshops attended (Spearman correlation coefficient 0.61 p < 0.001). The proportion of all 82 participants (intention to treat, baseline observation carried forward) that achieved a weight loss of ≥ 5% initial weight was 30.5%. Conclusions for Practice Referral of obese mothers-to-be into WW can successfully achieve short-term weight loss, at or above 5%, in approximately one third of participants. The dose–response effect supports a causal inference. Successful weight loss at this critical life stage may provide women with the necessary motivation to initiate weight loss for healthy pregnancy, however further research is required.

scholarly journals Performance of Quail with Different Hatch Body Weight by Fasting Treatment Post-hatch

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 35-39
Author(s):  
Bahri Syamsuryadi ◽  
K. Khaeruddin
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Initial Body Weight ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Weight One ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship of broiler quail’s initial body weight which is fastened at post-hatch to growth and attainment the last body weight. One hundred thirty-five quails aged 12 post-hatch had kept in a cage plot which had prepared based on a completely randomized design with 3x3 factorial pattern and three replications which each replication consisted of 5 quails. The first factor is body weight post-hatch (B) consist of B1 = 5.1 – 6.0 g (light), B2 = 6.1 – 7.0 g (medium) and B3 = 7.1 – 8.0 g (heavy), the second factor is the duration of fasting post-hatch (P) consist of P1 = 24 hours, P2 = 36 hours and P3 = 48 hours. The observed parameters to fasting were feed consumption, body weight, and feed conversion. The result of this study is the quail with light early body weight (5.1-6 g) post hatch showed that the lightest last body weight is related to the value of feed conversion. Accession good performance of quail can be reached by access feed approximately 24 hours.

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