Androgen levels in a Bornean voiceless frog, Rana blythi

Male Rana blythi and males of three other species of voiceless frogs from Bornean rain forests lack the suite of secondary sex characteristics typical of most anurans: nuptial pads, vocal sacs, enlarged forearm flexors, and male advertisement calls. At the same time, basal species in the voiceless frog lineage exhibit an extreme type of male parental care: the males carry the tadpoles on their backs. This unusual form of male parental care evolves at the same point in the phylogenetic history of the group as the loss of the secondary sex characteristics. This suggests that these voiceless frogs may have lowered androgen levels. Hormone assays from blood samples of R. blythi show that plasma levels of testosterone, androstenedione, and 5α-dihydrotestosterone are considerably lower in wild-caught R. blythi than those reported for other frog species when similar sample collection methods were employed.

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GYNECOLOGY OF CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS

PEDIATRICS ◽

10.1542/peds.22.2.395 ◽

1958 ◽

Vol 22 (2) ◽

pp. 395-400

Author(s):

John W. Huffman ◽

Elsie Wieczorowski

Keyword(s):

Round Table ◽

Late Childhood ◽

Sex Characteristics ◽

Vaginal Mucosa ◽

Relative Incidence ◽

Secondary Sex Characteristics ◽

Etiologic Agents ◽

Special Clinic ◽

History Of ◽

Phases Of Development

THE DISCUSSANTS began the round table with a few general comments concerning various phases of development of the female. At birth and for the first week or more of life, the effects of maternal hormones on the newborn infant may be evidenced by hypertrophy of the breasts, prominence of the genitalia with nonpurulent vaginal secretion and occasional uterine bleeding. Throughout the remainder of infancy, until late childhood, there are no changes in the genitalia, and the mucosa of the vagina remains shrunken, producing little or no secretion. From the period of late childhood to early adolescence—that phase extending from the first menstrual period until the onset of ovulation—secondary sex characteristics develop and the vaginal mucosa undergoes cornification, becomes succulent and produces an increased quantity of secretion. Late adolescence is defined as that phase from the first ovulation to full maturity. The phases of adolescence are never clearly demarcated. Certain pathologic conditions commonly seen in female children were then described. The relative incidence of these conditions as seen in a special clinic reflects their incidence in a general pediatric practice. Nonspecific Vulvovaginitis The majority of children (75%) are referred to the gynecologic clinic because of vulvovaginitis. Of these, 75% are found to have nonspecific vulvovaginitis. Etiologic agents and their relative incidence in the remainder of patients are: monilia, 15%; foreign body, 5%; and infections due to trichomonas, gonococcus and pinworms, 5%. Children under 10 years of age are most commonly affected. Those found to have vulvovaginitis due to fungi have usually given a history of recent antibiotic therapy.

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Translational Research in Vitiligo

Frontiers in Immunology ◽

10.3389/fimmu.2021.624517 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Erica L. Katz ◽

John E. Harris

Keyword(s):

Translational Research ◽

Somatic Mosaicism ◽

Significant Progress ◽

Sample Collection ◽

The Past ◽

White Spots ◽

History Of ◽

New Treatment ◽

Collection Methods ◽

Made In

Vitiligo is a disease of the skin characterized by the appearance of white spots. Significant progress has been made in understanding vitiligo pathogenesis over the past 30 years, but only through perseverance, collaboration, and open-minded discussion. Early hypotheses considered roles for innervation, microvascular anomalies, oxidative stress, defects in melanocyte adhesion, autoimmunity, somatic mosaicism, and genetics. Because theories about pathogenesis drive experimental design, focus, and even therapeutic approach, it is important to consider their impact on our current understanding about vitiligo. Animal models allow researchers to perform mechanistic studies, and the development of improved patient sample collection methods provides a platform for translational studies in vitiligo that can also be applied to understand other autoimmune diseases that are more difficult to study in human samples. Here we discuss the history of vitiligo translational research, recent advances, and their implications for new treatment approaches.

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PREDIKSI PERINGKAT OBLIGASI SYARIAH DI INDONESIA

JURNAL ILMU MANAJEMEN ◽

10.21831/jim.v11i3.11780 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 1-15

Author(s):

Ike Arisanti ◽

Isti Fadah ◽

Novi Puspitasari

Keyword(s):

Profit Sharing ◽

Sample Collection ◽

Purposive Sampling ◽

Financial Factors ◽

Financial Factor ◽

Independent Variable ◽

Rating Prediction ◽

Collection Methods

This study purposes to analyze the influence of financial and non financial factors to prediction of the rating islamic bond in indonesia. The study used independent variable,that is financial factor (growth, size, profit sharing/fee, liquidity) and non financial factor ( secure and maturity) and dependent variable that is the rating of islamic bond. This study applied logistic regresion analysis with sample collection methods using purposive sampling. After selecting fixed criterias, there were 25 islamic bonds chosen with the numbers of 75 investigation from periods of 2010-2012. The result of this study showed that significantly effect the variable growth (X1) , size(X2), profit sharing/ fee (X3), liquidity (X4), secure (X5), maturity (X6) simultaneously to the rating prediction of islamic bond in indonesia. Partially, variable variables of growth (X1) , size (X2), profit sharing/ fee (X3) which referred not significant affecting to the rating prediction of islamic bond in indonesia. Meanwhile, variables of liquidity (X4), secure (X5), maturity ( X6) referred significant affecting to the rating prediction of islamic bond in indonesia.

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Women’s Preferences for Strong Men Under Perceived Harsh Versus Safe Ecological Conditions

Evolutionary Psychology ◽

10.1177/14747049211032351 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 19 (3) ◽

pp. 147470492110323

Author(s):

Ray Garza ◽

Farid Pazhoohi ◽

Jennifer Byrd-Craven

Keyword(s):

Ecological Factors ◽

Ecological Condition ◽

Sex Characteristics ◽

Ecological Conditions ◽

University Women ◽

Secondary Sex Characteristics ◽

Trade Offs ◽

Forced Choice Task ◽

Women’S Preferences ◽

Physical Features

Ecological conditions provide information about available resources for one’s environment. In humans, this has been shown to influence reproductive behavior, as individuals may engage in trade-offs between partner quality and investment. For instance, many women may trade-off preferences for men with physical features indicative of social dominance and health over physical features indicative of commitment and investment. The current study explored women’s preferences for formidable men under safe vs. harsh ecological conditions. Across three studies, U.S. university women ( N = 1,098) were randomly assigned to a perceived harsh or safe ecological condition. They were asked to rate the attractiveness of men’s body types (i.e., muscular vs. less muscular). Findings revealed that in general, women rated stronger men as more attractive than weaker men irrespective of the ecological condition. Evidence for preference as a function of ecology appeared only when a two-alternative forced-choice task was used (Study 3), but not in rating tasks (Studies 1 and 2). Study 3 showed that women had a relatively stronger preference for stronger men for short-term relationships in a resource scarce ecological condition. This research provides some evidence that perceived ecological conditions can drive women’s preferences for men with enhanced secondary sex characteristics as a function of mating context. These findings are consistent with previous research indicating the importance of physical characteristics in men’s attractiveness, and it adds to the existing literature on ecological factors and mating preferences.

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Thyroglobulin measurement on fine-needle washout fluids: Influence of sample collection methods

Diagnostic Cytopathology ◽

10.1002/dc.20964 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 37 (1) ◽

pp. 42-44 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Luca Giovanella ◽

Luca Ceriani ◽

Sergio Suriano ◽

Stefano Crippa

Keyword(s):

Sample Collection ◽

Fine Needle ◽

Collection Methods

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Carcinoma of breast in trans-sexual individuals after surgical and hormonal interference with the primary and secondary sex characteristics.

BMJ ◽

10.1136/bmj.2.5597.83 ◽

1968 ◽

Vol 2 (5597) ◽

pp. 83-85 ◽

Cited By ~ 172

Author(s):

W. S. Symmers

Keyword(s):

Sex Characteristics ◽

Secondary Sex Characteristics ◽

In Trans

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Fecal microbiota analysis: an overview of sample collection methods and sequencing strategies

Future Microbiology ◽

10.2217/fmb.15.87 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 10 (9) ◽

pp. 1485-1504 ◽

Cited By ~ 45

Author(s):

Vincent Thomas ◽

James Clark ◽

Joël Doré

Keyword(s):

Fecal Microbiota ◽

Sample Collection ◽

Microbiota Analysis ◽

Collection Methods

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REDESCRIPTION OF Minervarya nicobariensis (STOLIZKA, 1870) (AMPHIBIA: DICROGLOSSIDAE) WITH A NEOTYPE DESIGNATION

TAPROBANICA The Journal of Asian Biodiversity ◽

10.47605/tapro.v9i2.232 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 205-209

Author(s):

S.R. Chandramouli ◽

K.V. Devi Prasad

Keyword(s):

Natural History ◽

Conservation Status ◽

Breeding Biology ◽

Larval Morphology ◽

Frog Species ◽

History Of ◽

New Material ◽

Insular Endemic

The poorly-known, insular endemic frog species, Minervarya nicobariensis (Stoliczka, 1870) is re-described based on new material from the Nicobar Archipelago. A neotype is designated as its holotype had been lost. Novel data on biology, ecology, distribution and natural history of this poorly known species are provided. Breeding biology and larval morphology are described in detail. Potential threats to the species are discussed and an assessment of its conservation status is attempted.

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