Phytochemistry and Pharmacology of the Genus Pedicularis Used in Traditional Chinese Medicine

2014 ◽  
Vol 42 (05) ◽  
pp. 1071-1098 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mao-Xing Li ◽  
Xi-Rui He ◽  
Rui Tao ◽  
Xinyuan Cao
Keyword(s):  
Chinese Medicine ◽  
Traditional Chinese Medicine ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Iridoid Glycosides ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Chemical Components ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Phenylpropanoid Glycosides

In the present review, the literature data on the chemical constituents and biological investigations of the genus Pedicularis are summarized. Some species of Pedicularis have been widely applied in traditional Chinese medicine. A wide range of chemical components including iridoid glycosides, phenylpropanoid glycosides (PhGs), lignans glycosides, flavonoids, alkaloids and other compounds have been isolated and identified from the genus Pedicularis. In vitro and in vivo studies indicated some monomer compounds and extracts from the genus Pedicularis have been found to possess antitumor, hepatoprotective, anti-oxidative, antihaemolysis, antibacterial activity, fatigue relief of skeletal muscle, nootropic effect and other activities.

Flavonoid constituents of Amomum tsao-ko Crevost et Lemarie and its antioxidant, antidiabetic effects in diabetic rats–in vitro and in vivo studies

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaofeng Zhang ◽  
Yujun Tang ◽  
Xiaoxian Guan ◽  
Xin Lu ◽  
Jiao Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chinese Medicine ◽  
Traditional Chinese Medicine ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Antidiabetic Effects

Amomum tsao-ko Crevost et Lemarie (A. tsao-ko) is a well-known dietary spice and traditional Chinese medicine. This study aimed to identify the flavonoids in A. tsao-ko and evaluate its antioxidant...

GANODERMA LUCIDUM: A TRADITIONAL CHINESE MEDICINE USED FOR CURING TUMORS

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
ARUN KUMAR
Keyword(s):  
Chinese Medicine ◽  
Traditional Chinese Medicine ◽  
Ganoderma Lucidum ◽  
Herbal Remedy ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Deciduous Trees ◽  
Pharmacological Mechanism ◽  
Coffee Powder

Ganoderma lucidum is generally called “Lingzhi or Reishi”, and also be a Traditional Chinese medicine utilized in over 2000 y for their better therapeutic activity like antitumor, antiallergenic, antiviral, hepatoprotective, antioxidant, hypotensive, immunomodulator, hypoglycemic, anti-inflammatory, antithrombotic, antibacterial and many other health benefits. Ganoderma lucidum is one of the oldest herbal remedy found and grow in wide variety parts on deciduous trees (dead/dying tree) specifically in oak, pyrus, maple, elm, willow, sweetgum, magnolia, locust, acer, betula, castanea, coryolus, fagus, populus, plums and other plants species. It also be contains 400 major bioactive chemical constituents include polysaccharides, triterpenoids, polysaccharide-peptide complex, β-glucans, lectins, natural germanium (Ge), adenosine, phenols, steroids, amino acids, lignin, vitamins, nucleotides or nucleosides possesses specific curative properties and formed a wide variety of viable products from Ganoderma fruiting bodies, mycelia, spores i.e. coffee, powder, dietary enhancements, tea, spore items, drinks, syrups, toothpastes, cleansers or creams. Many in vitro or in vivo analyses with regards Ganoderma lucidum evidenced their antitumor activity but some conducted clinical studies are questionable and remains undefined for their antitumor effect. Though, we reviewed and summarized in this article about treatment and various pharmacological mechanism against tumor with respect to extract (polysaccharide and triterpenoid) of Ganoderma lucidum.

scholarly journals LIPOPHILIC CONSTITUENTS OF PEDICULARIS STRIATA PALLAS И PEDICULARIS FLAVA PALLAS

2019 ◽  
pp. 113-118
Author(s):  
Tat'yana Petrovna Kukina ◽  
Irina Vladimirovna Khan
Keyword(s):  
Iridoid Glycosides ◽  
Polar Compounds ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Chemical Components ◽  
Branched Hydrocarbons ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Phenylpropanoid Glycosides ◽  
Main Components ◽  
First Time

Some species of Pedicularis have been widely applied in traditional Chinese medicine. Some plants of Pedicularis genus have a great potential for the discovery of new drugs because most of them have not been studied in detail. Extracts from the plants of genus Pedicularis have been found to possess antitumor, hepatoprotective, anti-oxidative, antihaemolysis, antibacterial activity, fatigue relief of skeletal muscles, nootropic effect and other activitiesin vivo and in vitro. A wide range of chemical components including iridoid glycosides, phenylpropanoid glycosides, lignans glycosides, flavonoids, alkaloids and other polar compounds have been isolated and identified from the genus Pedicularis. Information about lipophilic constituents is too poor. The results of our investigations of aliphatic and triterpenoic substances by GC-MS are identification of 25 neutral and 18 acid compounds including sterols, triterpenoids and unusual branched hydrocarbons. Main components of neutral fraction are β-sitosterol and phytol. Triterpenol fraction is found to content cycloartenol, 24-methylene-cycloartanol, obtusifoliol, stigma-7-en-3-ol and citrostadienol. Cycloartenol prevails in both types of row material. The main components of acids are palmitic, linoleic and linolnic acids. Pedicularis striata contains significant amount of melissic and montanic acids. All compounds were found for the first time in these row materials. Identified compounds could be potential chemotaxonomic markers for the Pedicularis species.

Inhibition of Experimental Age-Related Macular Degeneration by ZQMT in Mice

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 434-442
Author(s):  
Liu Yang ◽  
Huan Meng ◽  
Dan Luo ◽  
Tingting Deng ◽  
Li Miao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chinese Medicine ◽  
Traditional Chinese Medicine ◽  
Macular Degeneration ◽  
Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Fundus Photography ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Endothelial Growth Factor

Background: Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a progressive and irreversible eye disease. The anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) therapy has revolutionized the treatment of neovascular AMD. However, the expense for such treatment is quite high. Methods: We used a traditional Chinese medicine ZQMT as an alternative therapeutic regimen for AMD. We employed two in vivo animal models mimicking dry and wet AMD respectively to assess the therapeutic efficacy of ZQMT on treating AMD-related retinopathy. AMD-related retinopathy in Crb1rd8 mice was evaluated from week 1 to 8 by fundus photography. Laser-induced choroidal neovascularization (CNV) was evaluated by fluorescein angiography and histopathology. Results: ZQMT increased CX3CR1 expression in murine CD4+ T cells either cultured in vitro or directly isolated from animals treated with ZQMT. We also performed both in vitro and in vivo studies to confirm that ZQMT has no apparent toxic effects. ZQMT alleviated AMD-related retinopathy in both Crb1rd8 and CNV models. Depletion of CCL2 and CX3CR1 in Crb1rd8 mice abolished the efficacy of ZQMT, suggesting that CCL2 and/or CX3CR1 may underlie the mechanisms of ZQMT in treating AMD-related retinopathy in mice. Conclusion: In summary, our study supports the protective roles of a traditional Chinese medicine ZQMT in AMD.

scholarly journals Study on the Mechanism of Gastrodia Rhizoma "FEATURE Identification based Quality Assessmen" based on Neuroprotection

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bing Wang ◽  
Yan-tao Sun ◽  
Hui Zhang ◽  
Ting-guo Kang ◽  
Wen-han Pei
Keyword(s):  
Chinese Medicine ◽  
Traditional Chinese Medicine ◽  
Spinal Injury ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Electronic Tongue ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Feature Identification

Abstract Background: The theory of "Feature Identification based Quality Assessmen" is the essence of traditional Chinese medicine experience identification, and the theory is to identify the quality of Chinese Materia Medica by its properties. The mechanism of evaluating quality through "Feature " has not been clarified. Methods: We used artificial intelligence sensory technology electronic nose, electronic tongue and other instruments to quantitatively determine the “feature” include "Shape, Color, Qi, taste" of Gastrodia Rhizoma. The relationship between fingerprint of chemical constituents and protective effects on OGD/R injury of SH-SY5Y cells of 30 batches of medicinal materials was analyzed, and the Pharmacodynamic Components Group (six compounds) of Gastrodia Rhizoma were determined. In vitro and in vivo pharmacodynamic experiments confirmed that the Pharmacodynamic Components Group had good protective effects on OGD/R injury of SH-SY5Y cells, spinal injury of zebrafish and cerebral ischemia of rats, and could be widely distributed in rats.Results: The Pharmacodynamic Components Group could represent more than 90% of the whole pharmacodynamic effect of Gastrodia Rhizoma, which showed that the Pharmacodynamic Components Group was basically equivalent to the crude drug. Through the correlation analysis of “feature” and Pharmacodynamic Components Group, we revealed that the mechanism of “Feature Identification based Quality Assessmen” of Gastrodia Rhizoma was related to the six components of the Pharmacodynamic Components Group. Conclusions: The mechanism of "Feature Identification based Quality Assessmen" of Gastrodia Rhizoma based on "Feature" is that "Shape", "Color", "Qi" and "Taste" of Gastrodia Rhizoma have significant correlation with the content of Pharmacodynamic Components Group. This study provides a new way of thinking for the interpretation of the scientific connotation of " Feature Identification based Quality Assessmen" and the quality evaluation of traditional Chinese medicine

Ethnomedicinal uses, Phytochemistry and Pharmacological Aspects of the Genus Berberis Linn: A Comprehensive Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roohi Mohi-ud-din ◽  
Reyaz Hassan Mir ◽  
Prince Ahad Mir ◽  
Saeema Farooq ◽  
Syed Naiem Raza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Traditional Use ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Comprehensive Survey ◽  
Ethnomedicinal Uses

Background: Genus Berberis (family Berberidaceae), which contains about 650 species and 17 genera worldwide, has been used in folklore and various traditional medicine systems. Berberis Linn. is the most established group among genera with around 450-500 species across the world. This comprehensive review will not only help researchers for further evaluation but also provide substantial information for future exploitation of species to develop novel herbal formulations. Objective: The present review is focussed to summarize and collect the updated review of information of Genus Berberis species reported to date regarding their ethnomedicinal information, chemical constituents, traditional/folklore use, and reported pharmacological activities on more than 40 species of Berberis. Conclusion: A comprehensive survey of the literature reveals that various species of the genus possess various phytoconstituents mainly alkaloids, flavonoid based compounds isolated from different parts of a plant with a wide range of pharmacological activities. So far, many pharmacological activities like anti-cancer, anti-hyperlipidemic, hepatoprotective, immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory both in vitro & in vivo and clinical study of different extracts/isolated compounds of different species of Berberis have been reported, proving their importance as a medicinal plant and claiming their traditional use.

scholarly journals The Genus Lagochilus (Lamiaceae): A Review of Its Diversity, Ethnobotany, Phytochemistry, and Pharmacology

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 132
Author(s):  
Nilufar Z. Mamadalieva ◽  
Davlat Kh. Akramov ◽  
Ludger A. Wessjohann ◽  
Hidayat Hussain ◽  
Chunlin Long ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Iridoid Glycosides ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Future Research ◽  
South Central ◽  
Pharmacological Studies ◽  
Central South

The genus Lagochilus (Lamiaceae) is native to Central, South-Central, and Eastern Asia. It comprises 44 species, which have been commonly used as herbal medicines for the treatments of various ailments for thousands of years, especially in Asian countries. This review aims to summarize the chemical constituents and pharmacological activities of species from the genus Lagochilus to unveil opportunities for future research. In addition, we provide some information about their traditional uses, botany, and diversity. More than 150 secondary metabolites have been reported from Lagochilus, including diterpenes, flavonoids, phenolic compounds, triterpenoids, iridoid glycosides, lignans, steroids, alkaloids, polysaccharides, volatile, non-volatile and aromatic compounds, lipids, carbohydrates, minerals, vitamins, and other secondary metabolites. In vitro and in vivo pharmacological studies on the crude extracts, fractions, and isolated compounds from Lagochilus species showed hemostatic, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic, cytotoxic, enzyme inhibitory, antispasmodic, hypotensive, sedative, psychoactive, and other activities.

scholarly journals High-Throughput Identification of Organic Compounds from Polygoni Multiflori Radix Praeparata (Zhiheshouwu) by UHPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap-MS

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (13) ◽  
pp. 3977
Author(s):  
Shaoyun Wang ◽  
Xiaozhu Sun ◽  
Shuo An ◽  
Fang Sang ◽  
Yunli Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Polygonum Multiflorum ◽  
Q Exactive ◽  
Orbitrap Ms

Polygoni Multiflori Radix Praeparata (PMRP), as the processed product of tuberous roots of Polygonum multiflorum Thunb., is one of the most famous traditional Chinese medicines, with a long history. However, in recent years, liver adverse reactions linked to PMRP have been frequently reported. Our work attempted to investigate the chemical constituents of PMRP for clinical research and safe medication. In this study, an effective and rapid method was established to separate and characterize the constituents in PMRP by combining ultra-high performance liquid chromatography with hybrid quadrupole-orbitrap mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap-MS). Based on the accurate mass measurements for molecular and characteristic fragment ions, a total of 103 compounds, including 24 anthraquinones, 21 stilbenes, 15 phenolic acids, 14 flavones, and 29 other compounds were identified or tentatively characterized. Forty-eight compounds were tentatively characterized from PMRP for the first time, and their fragmentation behaviors were summarized. There were 101 components in PMRP ethanol extract (PMRPE) and 91 components in PMRP water extract (PMRPW). Simultaneously, the peak areas of several potential xenobiotic components were compared in the detection, which showed that PMRPE has a higher content of anthraquinones and stilbenes. The obtained results can be used in pharmacological and toxicological research and provided useful information for further in vitro and in vivo studies.

scholarly journals Antimalarial Effect of the Total Glycosides of the Medicinal Plant, Ranunculus japonicus

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 532
Author(s):  
Hae-Soo Yun ◽  
Sylvatrie-Danne Dinzouna-Boutamba ◽  
Sanghyun Lee ◽  
Zin Moon ◽  
Dongmi Kwak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chinese Medicine ◽  
Traditional Chinese Medicine ◽  
Plasmodium Berghei ◽  
Antimalarial Activity ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Significant Inhibition ◽  
Ic50 Values ◽  
The Republic

In traditional Chinese medicine, Ranunculus japonicus has been used to treat various diseases, including malaria, and the young stem of R. japonicus is consumed as a food in the Republic of Korea. However, experimental evidence of the antimalarial effect of R. japonicus has not been evaluated. Therefore, the antimalarial activity of the extract of the young stem of R. japonicus was evaluated in vitro using both chloroquine-sensitive (3D7) and chloroquine-resistant (Dd2) strains; in vivo activity was evaluated in Plasmodium berghei-infected mice via oral administration followed by a four-day suppressive test focused on biochemical and hematological parameters. Exposure to extracts of R. japonicus resulted in significant inhibition of both chloroquine-sensitive (3D7) and resistant (Dd2) strains of P. falciparum, with IC50 values of 6.29 ± 2.78 and 5.36 ± 4.93 μg/mL, respectively. Administration of R. japonicus also resulted in potent antimalarial activity against P. berghei in infected mice with no associated toxicity; treatment also resulted in improved hepatic, renal, and hematologic parameters. These results demonstrate the antimalarial effects of R. japonicus both in vitro and in vivo with no apparent toxicity.

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