CURRENT COMMUTATOR ANOMALIES AND CHIRAL ANOMALIES IN THE CANONICAL FORMALISM

Without recourse to the Bjorken-Johnson-Low (BJL) method, current-current and current-electric-field commutator anomalies are evaluated in chiral gauge theories in two-and four-dimensional spacetime with the help of a gauge covariant regularization method. The results are consistent with previous analyses through the BJL method, and partially confirmed Faddeev’s conjecture on the commutator anomalies of the Gauss law constraint operators within the canonical formalism. The chiral anomalies of the current divergence are derived from these commutator anomalies in the Weyl gauge where current-electric-field commutator anomalies play important roles.

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In-situ domain structure characterization of Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3-PbTiO3 crystals under alternating current electric field poling

Acta Materialia ◽

10.1016/j.actamat.2021.116853 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 116853

Author(s):

Chaorui Qiu ◽

Zhuo Xu ◽

Zheyi An ◽

Jinfeng Liu ◽

Guanjie Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Electric Field ◽

Domain Structure ◽

Alternating Current ◽

Structure Characterization ◽

Electric Field Poling ◽

Current Electric Field

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Effect of Oxidative Stress on Physicochemical Quality of Taiwanese Seagrape (Caulerpa lentillifera) with the Application of Alternating Current Electric Field (ACEF) during Post-Harvest Storage

Processes ◽

10.3390/pr9061011 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (6) ◽

pp. 1011

Author(s):

Andi Syahrullah Sulaimana ◽

Chao-Kai Chang ◽

Chih-Yao Hou ◽

Bara Yudhistira ◽

Fuangfah Punthi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Electric Field ◽

Alternating Current ◽

Chlorophyll Degradation ◽

Physicochemical Quality ◽

Post Harvest ◽

Caulerpa Lentillifera ◽

Different Seasons ◽

Current Electric Field

This study aims to determine the physicochemical quality of seagrape (Caulerpa lentillifera) as a freshness label for products cultivated in different seasons. The applied post-harvest storage experiments compared between, within and without seawater that led to oxidative stress conditions. Water content, malondialdehyde (MDA) compound, total phenolic content (TPC), and chlorophyll content were observed at 0, 3, 6, and 9 days of storage. The storage without seawater showed sharper quality reductions by reaching 20–40% of water loss, 70–90% of MDA production, 15–25% of TPC reduction, and 40–60% of total chlorophyll degradation. The storage within seawater showed lower quality reductions due to the specific growth rates still reaching 5–10%. This study found that the greater the physicochemical quality, the slower the decomposition rates of the stored seagrape during storage. Therefore, the seagrapes’ obvious discoloration occurred earlier in winter, followed by summer and spring. Kinetics of chlorophyll degradation on seagrape in different seasons meet different order-reactions during storage. Furthermore, alternating current electric field (ACEF) treatment with 125 kV/m of intensity for 60 min can lower the spring seagrapes’ physicochemical quality by reaching 10–30% of inhibition, resulting in the shelf-life extension for up to 12 days of post-harvest storage.

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