Partition signed social networks by spectral features and structural balance

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (19) ◽  
pp. 1950211
Author(s):  
Xiaoyu Zhu ◽  
Yinghong Ma
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Social Systems ◽  
Structural Balance ◽  
The Social ◽  
Signed Social Networks ◽  
Spectral Algorithm ◽  
Community People ◽  
Signed Network ◽  
The Stability ◽  
The Relationship

In social networks, individuals are usually but not exactly divided into communities such that within each community people are friendly to each other while being hostile towards other communities. This is in line with structural balance theory which enables a comprehensive understanding of the stability and tensions of social systems. Yet, there may be some conflicts such as the intra-community negative edges or inter-community positive edges that affect the balancedness of the social system. This raises an interesting question of how to partition a signed network for minimal conflicts, i.e., maximum balancedness. In this paper, by analyzing the relationship between balancedness and spectrum space, we find that each eigenvector can be an indicator of dichotomous structure of networks. Incorporating the leader mechanism, we partition signed networks to maximize the balancedness with top-k eigenvectors. Moreover, we design an optimizing segment to further improve the balancedness of the network. Experimental data both from real social and synthetic networks demonstrate that the spectral algorithm has higher efficiency, robustness and scientificity.

scholarly journals World War III Analysis Using Signed Social Networks

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ranjana Roy Chowdhury ◽  
Shivam Gupta ◽  
Sravanthi Chede
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Signed Graph ◽  
Balance Theory ◽  
World War ◽  
Recent Period ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Structural Balance ◽  
Signed Social Networks ◽  
Signed Network ◽  
World War Iii

Abstract In the recent period of time with a lot of social platforms emerging, the relationships among various units can be framed with respect to either positive, negative or no relation. These units can be individuals, countries or others that form the basic structural component of a signed network. These signed networks picture a dynamic characteristic of the graph so formed allowing only few combinations of signs that brings the structural balance theorem in picture. Structural balance theory affirms that signed social networks tend to be organized so as to avoid conflictual situations, corresponding to cycles of unstable relations. The aim of structural balance in networks is to find proper partitions of nodes that guarantee equilibrium in the system allowing only few combination triangles with signed edges to be permitted in graph. Most of the works in this field of networking have either explained the importance of signed graph or have applied the balance theorem and tried to solve problems. Following the recent time trends with each nation emerging to be superior and competing to be the best, the probable doubt of happening of WW-III(World War-III) comes into every individuals mind. Nevertheless, our paper aims at answering some of the interesting questions on World War-III. In this project we have worked with the creation of a signed graph picturing the World War-III participating countries as nodes and have predicted the best possible coalition of countries that will be formed during war. Also, we have visually depicted the number of communities that will be formed in this war and the participating countries in each communities. Our paper involves extensive analysis on the various parameters influencing the above predictions and also creation of a new data-set of World War -III that contains the pairwise relationship data of countries with various parameters influencing prediction. This paper also validates and analyses the predicted result.

scholarly journals Political Instability and Growth: Case of the Developing Countries

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 19
Author(s):  
Said JAOUADI ◽  
Lamia ARFAOUI ◽  
Azza ZIEDI
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Empirical Investigation ◽  
Political Instability ◽  
Political Environment ◽  
Huge Number ◽  
Effective Governance ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Stability ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

The paper attempted to examine the causal relationship between political instability and growth. Currently, the world continues to record huge number of popular revolutions in the region MENA, to improve the social environment and to consolidate implementing an effective governance. Although, the uprising has harmed the financial and economic situation in these countries, and became a threat for the stability of the countries, in overall.The manuscript accounts for the impact of political instability on the growth of the developing countries, in the shadow of the widespread of the revolutions since 2011. The paper attempted to illuminate the reality of the relationship between political environment and growth through the estimation of panel, comprising 69 developing countries 1985-2012.In the current paper, the authors conducted an empirical investigation, in which we bore out the claims raised in many surveys and the conclusions drawn by several authors about the harmful impact of political instability on the fundamental bases of the economy, in countries recording political instability.

scholarly journals The Neural Representational Space of Social Memory

Open Mind ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah L. Dziura ◽  
James C. Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Incidental Learning ◽  
Multivariate Pattern Analysis ◽  
Temporoparietal Junction ◽  
Representational Space ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
The Social ◽  
Multivariate Pattern ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Brain

Social functioning involves learning about the social networks in which we live and interact; knowing not just our friends, but also who is friends with our friends. This study utilized an incidental learning paradigm and representational similarity analysis (RSA), a functional MRI multivariate pattern analysis technique, to examine the relationship between learning social networks and the brain’s response to the faces within the networks. We found that accuracy of learning face pair relationships through observation is correlated with neural similarity patterns to those pairs in the left temporoparietal junction (TPJ), the left fusiform gyrus, and the subcallosal ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC), all areas previously implicated in social cognition. This model was also significant in portions of the cerebellum and thalamus. These results show that the similarity of neural patterns represent how accurately we understand the closeness of any two faces within a network. Our findings indicate that these areas of the brain not only process knowledge and understanding of others, but also support learning relations between individuals in groups.

scholarly journals Reciprocity and behavioral heterogeneity govern the stability of social networks

2020 ◽  
Vol 117 (6) ◽  
pp. 2993-2999 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roslyn Dakin ◽  
T. Brandt Ryder
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Social Connectedness ◽  
Social Dynamics ◽  
Social Systems ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Network Stability ◽  
Apparent Paradox ◽  
Trade Off ◽  
Behavioral Heterogeneity ◽  
The Stability

The dynamics of social networks can determine the transmission of information, the spread of diseases, and the evolution of behavior. Despite this broad importance, a general framework for predicting social network stability has not been proposed. Here we present longitudinal data on the social dynamics of a cooperative bird species, the wire-tailed manakin, to evaluate the potential causes of temporal network stability. We find that when partners interact less frequently and when social connectedness increases, the network is subsequently less stable. Social connectivity was also negatively associated with the temporal persistence of coalition partnerships on an annual timescale. This negative association between connectivity and stability was surprising, especially given that individual manakins who were more connected also had more stable partnerships. This apparent paradox arises from a within-individual behavioral trade-off between partnership quantity and quality. Crucially, this trade-off is easily masked by behavioral variation among individuals. Using a simulation, we show that these results are explained by a simple model that combines among-individual behavioral heterogeneity and reciprocity within the network. As social networks become more connected, individuals face a trade-off between partnership quantity and maintenance. This model also demonstrates how among-individual behavioral heterogeneity, a ubiquitous feature of natural societies, can improve social stability. Together, these findings provide unifying principles that are expected to govern diverse social systems.

scholarly journals The Influence of Internet and Social Media on Purchasing Decisions in Kuwait

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 792
Author(s):  
Khalid Abdulkareem Al-Enezi ◽  
Imad Fakhri Taha Al Shaikhli ◽  
Sufyan Salim Mahmood AlDabbagh
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Social Networking ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Purchasing Decisions ◽  
The Social ◽  
Digital Scanning ◽  
Networking Tool ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Selection Of

<span>This research aims to measure the role of social networks in influencing purchasing decisions among consumers in Kuwait; the research used the quantitative methods, and analytical the technique to get the results, and the research developed a measure to study the relationship between the variables to the study and selection of a sample of consumers of (100). The results indicated that the social networking variables (exchange of information, evaluation of product) possess influence on purchasing decisions. Furthermore, the results indicate that majority of respondents do their digital scanning more often before intend to go to the store. The unexpected results came from the question “traditional advertising (TV, Newspaper, Magazine, Billboards) are more effective than the social networking; 23% agreed, 36% said no, and 41% said sometimes. In light of these findings, the study made a series of recommendations; the most important are; The executives and sales representatives need to understand the benefits offered by social networks, and understand the advantages and functions and tools of social communication, and knowing how to apply them effectively and efficiently, and then use the appropriate social networking tool.</span>

scholarly journals San Miniato al Monte e lo spazio politico fiorentino nel XIII secolo

2021 ◽  
pp. 135-149
Author(s):  
Enrico Faini
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Thirteenth Century ◽  
Religious Institutions ◽  
Political Space ◽  
Political Role ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Relationship

Starting from the example of San Miniato al Monte, the essay dwells on the relationship existing between Florentine aristocracy and religious institutions. These were indispensable elements for the occupation of the urban ‘political space’, thanks to the social networks they controlled. Their political role – until now poorly investigated – was clearly recognised by the new ruling groups (Popolo). For this reason, the Florentine Popolo’s regime at the end of the thirteenth century tried to break the connection between aristocratic families and religious institutions, also through the use of precise rules that had become part of the Ordinamenti di Giustizia.

scholarly journals Ego-Centric Social Network Analysis in Marketing of Fish From Cage Culture System In Simalungun District, Indonesia

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 105-113
Author(s):  
Feriel Amelia Sembiring ◽  
Fikarwin Zuska ◽  
Bengkel Ginting ◽  
Rizabuana Ismail ◽  
Henry Sitorus
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Social Network ◽  
Network Analysis ◽  
Culture System ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Mutual Trust ◽  
Cage Culture ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Village ◽  
The Relationship

Aquaculture of Cage Culture is one of the main activities carried out by the community in the village of Haranggaol to fulfill their economic needs. This cultivation business establishes a relationship between traders and cages in terms of marketing their crops. There are 3 egocentric actors in the Haranggaol area. They are collectors (entrepreneurs/farmers who own capital), namely the Rohakinian group, the Siharo group, and the Paimaham group. Through these three egocentric actors, a social network is formed with several alters. Based on the qualitative approach with use Ucinet software, the mapping of their social networks can be seen as follows: alter actors connected to the Rohakinian group are 12 farmers in the group and 2 farmers outside the group with a density of 0.033. There are 27 alter actors connected to the Siharo group, 21 from the group and 6 from outside the group with a density of 0.014. There are 27 alter actors connected to the Paimaham group, namely 36 farmers from their groups and 10 farmers outside the group with a density of 0.005. The social networks that occur between these actors are intertwined due to the existence of kinship relationships, family or close friends who know each other among them. The relationship between family, family or close friends built with mutual trust make this network integrated.

scholarly journals Opinion Impact Models and Opinion Consensus Methods in Ad Hoc Tactical Social Networks

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Demin Li ◽  
Jie Zhou ◽  
Jingjuan Zhu ◽  
Jiacun Wang
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Consensus Methods ◽  
Impact Model ◽  
The Social ◽  
Heterogeneous Social Networks ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Impact Models ◽  
General Opinion

Ad hoc social networks are special social networks, such as ad hoc tactical social networks, ad hoc firefighter social networks, and ad hoc vehicular social networks. The social networks possess both the properties of ad hoc network and social network. One of the challenge problems in ad hoc social networks is opinion impact and consensus, and the opinion impact plays a key role for information fusion and decision support in ad hoc social networks. In this paper, consider the impact of physical and logical distance on the opinions of individuals or nodes in heterogeneous social networks; we present a general opinion impact model, discuss the local and global opinion impact models in detail, and point out the relationship between the local opinion impact model and the global opinion impact model. For understanding the opinion impact models easily, we use the general opinion impact model to ad hoc tactical social networks and discuss the opinion impact and opinion consensus for ad hoc tactical social networks in the end.

Analysis of opinion spreading in signed social networks under the impact of structural balance

2015 ◽  
Vol 29 (13) ◽  
pp. 1550079 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pei Li ◽  
Yini Zhang ◽  
Su He ◽  
Hui Wang
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Common Phenomenon ◽  
Structural Balance ◽  
User Influence ◽  
Signed Social Networks ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Negative Links ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Negative Relationships

Social networks have attracted remarkable attention and it is of great importance to understand the process of opinion spreading in popular social networks. However, most research on diffusion cannot be applied directly to investigate social networks, where relationships are heterogeneous and structural balance is a common phenomenon. In this paper, we propose models to characterize the process of opinion spreading in signed social networks under the impact of structural balance. We classify users into different types according to the numbers of their positive links, and define the term user influence to represent the average number of times that users are influenced, which is incurred by a user spreading an opinion. We then propose an approach to analyze the user influence theoretically and the analysis accuracy is verified by simulations. We observe that the user influence increases with user type and also increases with the fraction of negative links in the network if this fraction value exceeds some point. That's to say, negative relationships may enhance opinion spreading if we consider the impact of structural balance, which is an interesting result.

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