Detection of accumulated continuously ethanol concentration by ZnO–SnO2 composite nanorods sensor

2021 ◽  
pp. 2150395
Author(s):  
Xiang-Bing Li ◽  
Da-Qian Mo ◽  
Xiao-Yan Niu ◽  
Qian-Qian Zhang ◽  
Shu-Yi Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Recovery Time ◽  
Ethanol Concentration ◽  
Physical Adsorption ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Gas Sensitivity ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Electrospinning Method ◽  
Response And Recovery ◽  
Composite Nanorods

ZnO–SnO2 composite nanorods with rough surfaces were synthesized via a coaxially nested needle electrospinning method. The morphology and nanostructure were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscope, EDS mapping, nitrogen physical adsorption, and X-ray diffraction. The synthesis mechanisms of ZnO–SnO2 nanorods were discussed, which combined the gas sensitivity advantages of different materials. ZnO–SnO2 nanorods sensor with good ethanol gas sensitivity achieved accurate measurement of continuous ethanol concentration. The sensor exhibited good selectivity to ethanol in the presence of formaldehyde, methanol, acetone, acetic acid, benzene, and xylene at 290[Formula: see text]C. The response and recovery time to 100 ppm ethanol were about 13 and 35 s, respectively. The energy band, barrier, charge transfer of ZnO–SnO2 composite material was discussed, and its optimization of gas sensitivity was analyzed in detail.

scholarly journals Синтез нанонитей оксида индия-цинка и исследование их чувствительности к ультрафиолетовому излучению

2019 ◽  
Vol 127 (9) ◽  
pp. 483
Author(s):  
Н.П. Маркова ◽  
О.Я. Березина ◽  
А.Л. Пергамент ◽  
Е.Н. Колобова ◽  
В.П. Малиненко ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Indium Content ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Zn Concentration ◽  
Electrospinning Method ◽  
Recovery Times ◽  
Response And Recovery ◽  
Uv Sensors

Indium-zinc oxide (IZO) nanofibers are synthesized on Si-SiO2 substrates by the electrospinning method. The nanofibers’ dimensions, morphology, crystalline structure, and composition are studied by scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray analysis, and X-ray diffraction. The results of studying the electrical properties of nanofibers, as well as their sensitivity to UV radiation depending on the In to Zn concentration ratio, are presented. It is shown that the highest sensitivity to UV is observed at the indium content of about 50 atomic %. The photocurrent increment in this case, with respect to the dark current, is more than 4 orders of magnitude. The response and recovery times are 60 and 500 s, respectively. The results obtained suggest that IZO nanofibers can find application as UV sensors with improved characteristics.

scholarly journals UV Sensitivity of Indium-Zinc Oxide Nanofibers

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadezhda Markova ◽  
Olga Berezina ◽  
Nikolay Avdeev ◽  
Alexander Pergament
Keyword(s):  
Zinc Oxide ◽  
Indium Content ◽  
Silicon Substrates ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Indium Zinc Oxide ◽  
Electrospinning Method ◽  
Recovery Times ◽  
Response And Recovery

Indium-zinc oxide (IZO) nanofiber matrices are synthesized on SiO2-covered silicon substrates by the electrospinning method. The nanofibers’ dimensions, morphology, and crystalline structure are characterized by scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, and X-ray diffraction. The results of studying the electrical properties of nanofibers, as well as their sensitivity to UV radiation depending on the In-to-Zn concentration ratio, are presented. It is shown that the highest sensitivity to UV is observed at the indium content of about 50 atomic %. The photocurrent increment with respect to the dark current is more than 4 orders of magnitude. The response and recovery times are 60 and 500 sec, respectively. The results obtained suggest that IZO nanofibers can find application as UV sensors with improved characteristics.

Structural Study of Tailored Titania Thin Layers

2008 ◽  
Vol 73 (8-9) ◽  
pp. 1222-1230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga Šolcová ◽  
Lenka Matějová ◽  
Simona Krejčíková ◽  
Zdeněk Matěj ◽  
Radomír Kužel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Adsorption ◽  
Dip Coating ◽  
Thin Layers ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Air Stream ◽  
Titania Layer ◽  
Structure Properties

Thin nanolayers of titania prepared by repeated dip-coating of silica glass into a transparent homogeneous sol made from nonionic surfactants with various numbers of oxyethylene units were studied. Calcination in air stream was used to convert transparent gel layers into anatase layers. The surface morphology, roughness, structure and texture properties were estimated by nitrogen physical adsorption, X-ray diffraction characterization, atomic force microscopy, transmission and scanning electron microscopy. Additionally, the contact angle determination was tested as a rapid method for evaluation of the titania layer surface quality. The influence of the number of oxyethylene units in surfactants on texture and structure properties of the prepared titania layers was found and discussed.

scholarly journals Fabrication of ZnO/Carbon Quantum Dots Composite Sensor for Detecting NO Gas

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (17) ◽  
pp. 4961
Author(s):  
Ziyang Yu ◽  
Liang Zhang ◽  
Xiangyue Wang ◽  
Dong He ◽  
Hui Suo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Dots ◽  
Functional Group ◽  
Carbon Quantum Dots ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Gas Sensitivity ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Surface Areas ◽  
Grinding Method ◽  
Recovery Times ◽  
Response And Recovery

ZnO and carbon quantum dots (CQDs) were synthesized by a hydrothermal method, and CQDs were doped into ZnO by a grinding method to fabricate a ZnO/CQDs composite. The X-ray diffraction and the scanning electron microscope revealed that the as-prepared ZnO has a structure of wurtzite hexagonal ZnO and a morphology of a flower-like microsphere which can provide more surface areas to adsorbed gases. The ZnO/CQDs composite has a higher gas sensitivity response to NO gas than ZnO microspheres. A gas sensitivity test of the ZnO/CQDs composite showed that the sensor had a high NO response (238 for 100 ppm NO) and NO selectivity. The detection limit of the ZnO/CQDs composite to NO was 100 ppb and the response and recovery times were 34 and 36 s, respectively. The active functional group provided by CQDs has a significant effect on NO gas sensitivity, and the gas sensitivity mechanism of the ZnO/CQDs composite is discussed.

scholarly journals Synthesis of CuO by Electrospinning Method for Sensing of Hydrogen and Carbon Monoxide Gases

2021 ◽  
Vol 68 (4) ◽  
pp. 945-954
Author(s):  
Abdollah Fallah Shojaei ◽  
Parisa Fallah Komsari
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Gas Sensing ◽  
Operating Temperature ◽  
Particle Morphology ◽  
Fast Response ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Electrospinning Method ◽  
Response And Recovery

The pure CuO nanofibers were synthesized via the electrospinning method successfully. The calcinated CuO nanofibers were investigated for sensing hydrogen and carbon monoxide gases. Structural properties of the synthesized calcinated nanofibers were studied using Fourier –transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and particle morphology by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). SEM images confirmed string-like structures, nanofibers. The sensor based on the calcinated CuO nanofibers exhibited excellent gas sensing performance at the low operating temperature of 175 °C and the fast response and recovery characteristics at a low concentration. Moreover, good stability, prominent reproducibility, and excellent selectivity are also observed based on the calcinated nanofibers. These results demonstrate the potential application of calcinated CuO nanofibers for sensing hydrogen (10–200 ppm) and carbon monoxide (400–700 ppm) gases.

scholarly journals Fabrication of Cr2O3: ZnO Nanostructure Thin Film Prepared by PLD Technique as NH3 Gas Sensor

2021 ◽  
pp. 2176-2187
Author(s):  
S.M. AbdulKareem ◽  
M.H. Suhail ◽  
I. K. Adehmash
Keyword(s):  
Response Time ◽  
Operating Temperature ◽  
Average Crystallite Size ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Gas Sensitivity ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Zno Nanostructure ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Recovery Times ◽  
Response And Recovery

     Chromium oxide (Cr2O3) doped ZnO nanoparticles were prepared by pulsed laser deposition (PLD) technique at different concentration ratios (0, 3, 5, 7 and 9 wt %) of ZnO on glass substrate. The effects of ZnO dopant on the average crystallite size of the synthesized nanoparticles was examined By X-ray diffraction. The morphological features were detected using atomic force microscopy (AFM). The optical band gap value was observed to range between 2.78 to 2.50 eV by UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy, with longer wavelength shifted in comparison with that of the bulk Cr2O3 (~3eV). Gas sensitivity, response, and recovery times of the sensor in the presence of NH3 gas were studied and discussed. In the present work, we found that the sensitivity was increased upon increasing the concentration ratio from 3 to 5%wt of ZnO, whereas it was decreased again over that value. Also, we found that the sensitivity was increased when increasing operating temperature, while the response time was decreased. The optimum concentrations ratio for NH3 gas sensitivity at 5%wt ZnO revealed sensitivity of 66.67% and response time of 14s at operating temperature of 300oC and 700mJ PLD energy.

scholarly journals Influence of GLAD Sputtering Configuration on the Crystal Structure, Morphology, and Gas-Sensing Properties of the WO3 Films

Coatings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1030
Author(s):  
Arkadiusz Zarzycki ◽  
Katarzyna Dyndał ◽  
Maciej Sitarz ◽  
Jie Xu ◽  
Feng Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Sensing ◽  
Gas Content ◽  
Exhaled Breath ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Gas Sensitivity ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Structure Morphology ◽  
Breath Acetone

In this paper, we describe a deposition method and investigation of the physical properties of WO3 films. We investigated tungsten oxide due to its potential application as a gas sensor. Thin films of the WO3 were deposited on glass, silicon, and alumina substrates by magnetron GLAD sputtering. The crystallinity of films was determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and the thickness by X-Ray Reflectivity (XRR) and spectroscopic ellipsometry (SE). Surface morphology, which is important for gas sensitivity, was measured by atomic force microscopy (AFM). We studied the gas-sensing characteristics under exposure to acetone in the 0.1–1.25 ppm range which covers the levels of exhaled breath acetone. We show that WO3 sensors have different sensitivity for different sputter angle. Furthermore, we demonstrate the influence of temperature during gas content measurement.

The indium oxide micro and nanopyramids: Morphology materializing and H2S sensing properties

2015 ◽  
Vol 29 (20) ◽  
pp. 1550144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohsen Shariati
Keyword(s):  
Indium Oxide ◽  
Recovery Time ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Thermal Evaporation ◽  
Gas Sensing ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Evaporation And Condensation ◽  
Response And Recovery ◽  
Xrd Patterns

Indium oxide ( In 2 O 3) pyramidal nano and microstructures were prepared by a thermal evaporation and condensation method. The preannealing step affected the nanostructures morphologies and their sensing capability. The nanosize structures have been fabricated in nucleated preorganized situation. By changing from prepared sites to undesired sites, the morphology was deteriorated. The synthesized In 2 O 3 structures were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and the X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurements. The FESEM images showed that nanostructures with 100–250 nm in size were fabricated. The XRD patterns indicated that most of the samples are crystalline. Then, the fabricated structures were investigated for H 2 S gas sensing. The nanocrystal pyramids were found to be sensitive to as low as 100 ppb of H 2 S gas at room temperature and microcrystal ones to 300 ppb. The nanopyramids demonstrated that they were very sensitive to gas presence and their response and recovery time were in a few seconds.

scholarly journals Y-Doped ZnO Nanorods by Hydrothermal Method and Their Acetone Gas Sensitivity

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peng Yu ◽  
Jing Wang ◽  
Hai-ying Du ◽  
Peng-jun Yao ◽  
Yuwen Hao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Zno Nanorods ◽  
Hydrothermal Process ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Gas Sensitivity ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Recovery Times ◽  
Response And Recovery ◽  
Doped Zno ◽  
Scanning Electron

Pure and yttrium- (Y-) doped (1 at%, 3 at%, and 7 at%) ZnO nanorods were synthesized using a hydrothermal process. The crystallography and microstructure of the synthesized samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). Comparing with pure ZnO nanorods, Y-doped ZnO exhibited improved acetone sensing properties. The response of 1 at% Y-doped ZnO nanorods to 100 ppm acetone is larger than that of pure ZnO nanorods. The response and recovery times of 1 at% Y-doped ZnO nanorods to 100 ppm acetone are about 30 s and 90 s, respectively. The gas sensor based on Y-doped ZnO nanorods showed good selectivity to acetone in the interfere gases of ammonia, benzene, formaldehyde, toluene, and methanol. The formation mechanism of the ZnO nanorods was briefly analyzed.

scholarly journals Effects of Surfactants on the Performance ofCeO2Humidity Sensor

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Chunjie Wang ◽  
Aihua Zhang ◽  
Hamid Reza Karimi
Keyword(s):  
Recovery Time ◽  
Cetyltrimethylammonium Bromide ◽  
Humidity Sensor ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Humidity Sensors ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Three Samples ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Response And Recovery

NanosizedCeO2powders were synthesized via hydrothermal method with different types of surfactants (polyethylene glycol (PEG), cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), and sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate (SDBS)). X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy were utilized to characterize the phase structures and morphologies of the products. The sample with CTAB as surfactant (CeO2-C) has the largest specific surface area and the smallest particle size among these three samples. The humidity sensor fabricated byCeO2-C shows higher performance than those usedCeO2-P andCeO2-S. The impedance of theCeO2-C sensor decreases by about five orders of magnitude with relative humidity (RH) changing from 15.7 to 95%. The response and recovery time are 7 and 7 s, respectively. These results indicate that the performance ofCeO2humidity sensors can be improved effectively by the addition of cationic surfactant.

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