Morphological and structural characterization of Pb:ZnS nanostructure films deposited by simple thermal evaporation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bassam Abdallah ◽  
M. Kakhia ◽  
W. Zetoune ◽  
M. Alwazzeh
Keyword(s):  
Zinc Sulfide ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Thermal Evaporation ◽  
Hexagonal Structure ◽  
Morphological Development ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Thermal Evaporation Method ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Morphological Modification ◽  
Xrd Patterns

ZnS nanostructure films were deposited by a thermal evaporation method. Two films were prepared; the first was zinc sulfide (undoped ZnS) and the second was Pb-doped zinc sulfide (Pb:ZnS). X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) techniques were employed to investigate the element contents of the two films; they were found to be stoichiometric. Surface and growth evolution of films were explored by SEM images and found to have morphological development from spherical forms into nanostructure lookalike Taraxacum erythrospermum (Dandelion) with increasing the Pb from 0 wt.% to 12 wt.%. A structural study was performed using XRD patterns. The films have ZnS hexagonal structure (002) preferential orientation with various Pb percentages. In the doped sample, ZnS nanostructure and pores and nanowires (NWs) were formed with a mean diameter less than 50 nm; the undoped film had dense structure and was thin. This study illustrated the influence of Pb doped on the morphological modification of ZnS films.

The Influence of Nitrogen Plasma on Crystalline Structure and Optical Properties

2017 ◽  
Vol 883 ◽  
pp. 22-26
Author(s):  
Suparut Narksitipan
Keyword(s):  
Optical Properties ◽  
Crystalline Structure ◽  
Thermal Evaporation ◽  
Plasma Deposition ◽  
Nitrogen Plasma ◽  
Hexagonal Structure ◽  
Zno Films ◽  
Thermal Evaporation Method ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Evaporation Method

In this research, zinc oxide (ZnO) films were prepared by thermal evaporation method at temperature between 400-600°C for 60 min. Then, ZnO films were deposited by nitrogen cold plasma technique. The power, frequency and voltage of plasma generated at 100 W, 50 KHz and 5 KV, respectively. These films were deposited by plasma deposition for 15-60 min. The aim of this research is to study the effect of nitrogen plasma on the crystalline structure and optical properties of ZnO film. Crystalline structure, elemental compositions, morphological and optical properties were characterized by using X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and UV-VIS spectrophotometer, respectively. It was found that the ZnO films preparation via thermal evaporation method at temperature of 500°C showed the highest crystalline with hexagonal structure. After plasma deposition for 15, 30 and 60 min, ZnO films were amorphous. Optical transmittance values decreased and the optical band gap decreased from 3.14 to 3.06 eV with increasing in the plasma time.

Effect of Temperature and Synthesis of CuO Nanostructures on Cu Plate by Thermal Method

2013 ◽  
Vol 634-638 ◽  
pp. 2160-2162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjara Supakosl ◽  
Vatcharinkorn Mekla ◽  
Chakkaphan Raksapha
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Evaporation ◽  
Metal Plate ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Thermal Method ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Thermal Evaporation Method ◽  
Xrd Pattern ◽  
X Ray ◽  
20 Nm

CuO nanostructures were synthesized by thermal evaporation method using Cu metal plate in air at temperatures ranging from 400 to 600 C for 6 h. The CuO nanostructures were characterized by X-ray diffraction, XRD and field emission scanning electron microscopy, FE-SEM. X-ray diffraction, XRD pattern showed the bicrystal nanostructure of CuO and Cu2O. FE-SEM images indicated that the nanowires depended on temperatures. The diameter of Cuo nanowires varies from 10 nm to 20 nm and length of several 5 micrometers.

ZnS nanowires growth on two different types of substrate using simple thermal evaporation method

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (26) ◽  
pp. 2050231
Author(s):  
B. Abadllah ◽  
M. Kakhia ◽  
A. Obaide ◽  
W. Zetoun
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Thermal Evaporation ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Thermal Evaporation Method ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Evaporation Method ◽  
Main Compound ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Glass Substrates ◽  
Transmission Electron

ZnS nanowires films were grown on two different substrates silicon and glass, with PbS dopant at 5 wt.%, using thermal evaporation method. The silicon is single crystal (only Si), while the glass is as amorphous substrate (mainly SiO2). In the used substrates, the morphology was confirmed by Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) as well as Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) images (cross-section and surface). High Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy (HRTEM) has been used to confirm the ZnO nanowires for doped films (PbS:ZnS) in both silicon and glass substrates, with diameter less than 50 nm and the thickness was varied from 2000 nm to 3000 nm. The undoped film has dense structure and is thin with thickness of 200 nm. The growth of nanowires is not affected by the two substrate types (silicon and glass). The compositions of chemical films have been verified by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and it confirms that ZnS is the main compound. X-ray Diffraction (XRD) investigated the crystallographic properties with wurtzite structure. Optical properties (transparency and bandgap) were deduced from UltraViolet Visible (UV-Vis) spectra of ZnS films (PbS 0 and 5 wt.%) deposited on glass substrate. Raman, Photoluminescence (PL) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) techniques confirm ZnS composition and its nonstructural growth. Finally, a good agreement between the XRD, FTIR and HRTEM analyses was found.

The Transformation of ZnO Nanostructures Prepared by Thermal Evaporation

2014 ◽  
Vol 1061-1062 ◽  
pp. 180-183
Author(s):  
Vatcharinkorn Mekla ◽  
Udom Tipparach
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Evaporation ◽  
Hexagonal Wurtzite Structure ◽  
Metal Plate ◽  
Zno Nanowires ◽  
Zno Nanostructures ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Thermal Evaporation Method ◽  
Metal Plates ◽  
Xrd Patterns ◽  
20 Nm

ZnO nanostructures prepared by thermal evaporation method using Zn metal plate in water vapor were invitigated. The Zn metal plates were ultrasinically cleaned at room temperature and then heated in a furnace at temperatures ranging from 350 to 430 °C for 2 hours. The ZnO nanostructures were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). XRD patterns show the ZnO hexagonal wurtzite structure. SEM images indicate that the ZnO structures depend on preparation temperatures. The density of ZnO nanostructures increase as the temperature increases. The transformation of ZnO nanostructures was observed to be temperature dependence. The nanostructures are nanorods when prepared at temperature below 400 °C, nanowires when prepared at 400 °C, and nanoflakes when prepared temperatures of 410 °C or higher. This approach provides the capability of creating patterned 1D ZnO nanowires at 430 °C. The diameter of ZnO nanowires werevaried from 20 nm to 70 nm and length of several 400 micrometers.

X- ray diffraction and dielectric properties of PbSe thin films

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (34) ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Bushra A. Hasan
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Thermal Activation ◽  
Thermal Evaporation ◽  
Thermal Activation Energy ◽  
Dielectric Constants ◽  
Conductivity Measurements ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Thermal Evaporation Method ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Glass Substrates

Lead selenide PbSe thin films of different thicknesses (300, 500, and 700 nm) were deposited under vacuum using thermal evaporation method on glass substrates. X-ray diffraction measurements showed that increasing of thickness lead to well crystallize the prepared samples, such that the crystallite size increases while the dislocation density decreases with thickness increasing. A.C conductivity, dielectric constants, and loss tangent are studied as function to thickness, frequency (10kHz-10MHz) and temperatures (293K-493K). The conductivity measurements confirm confirmed that hopping is the mechanism responsible for the conduction process. Increasing of thickness decreases the thermal activation energy estimated from Arhinus equation is found to decrease with thickness increasing. The increase of thickness lead to reduce the polarizability α while the increasing of temperature lead to increase α.

scholarly journals Влияние режима получения образцов и термообработки на локальную структуру халькогенидного полупроводника Ge-=SUB=-2-=/SUB=-Sb-=SUB=-2-=/SUB=-Te-=SUB=-5-=/SUB=-

2022 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 291
Author(s):  
С.Н. Гарибова ◽  
А.И. Исаев ◽  
С.И. Мехтиева ◽  
С.У. Атаева ◽  
Р.И. Алекперов
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Thermal Processing ◽  
Thermal Evaporation ◽  
Amorphous State ◽  
Hexagonal Structure ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Close Range

Specifics of "amorphous state - crystal" phase transitions in dependence on the samples obtaining method and thermal processing, as well as changes in the structure and close range order in the arrangement of the atoms of Ge20Sb20.5Te51 chalcogenide semiconductors have been studied by the x-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy. It has been shown that Ge20Sb20.5Te51 films obtained by thermal evaporation on an unheated substrate are amorphous; after heat treatment at 220 and 400 °C, transform into a crystalline phase with a cubic and hexagonal structure. The chemical bonds and the main structural elements that form the matrix of the investigated objects, as well as the changes that occur in them during heat treatment, have been determined.

scholarly journals Rhombohedral Boron Nitride Epitaxy on ZrB2

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurent Souqui ◽  
Justinas Palisaitis ◽  
Naureen Ghafoor ◽  
Henrik Pedersen ◽  
Hans Högberg
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Boron Nitride ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Amorphous Material ◽  
Limited Area ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Plan View ◽  
Minute Amount ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Rhombohedral Boron

<div>Epitaxial rhombohedral boron nitride films were deposited on ZrB<sub>2</sub>(0001)/4H-SiC(0001) by chemical vapor deposition at 1485 °C from the reaction of triethylboron and ammonia and with a minute amount of silane (SiH<sub>4</sub>). X-ray diffraction (XRD) φ-scans yield the epitaxial relationships of 𝑟−𝐵𝑁(0001)∥𝑍𝑟𝐵2(0001) out-of-plane and 𝑟−𝐵𝑁(1120)∥𝑍𝑟𝐵2(1120) in-plane. Cross-section transmission electron microscopy (TEM) micrographs showed that epitaxial break down of r-BN film occurs approximatively after 10 nm, above which epitaxial growth proceeds only in limited area up to 80 nm of film thickness. Both XRD and TEM demonstrate the formation of carbon- and nitrogen-containing cubic inclusions at the ZrB<sub>2</sub> surface. Quantitative analysis from X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy of the r-BN films shows B/N ratios between 1.30 to 1.20 and an O content of 3 to 4 at.%. Plan-view scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images reveal a surface morphology where an amorphous material comprising B, C, and N is surrounding the epitaxial twinned r-BN crystals. SiH<sub>4</sub> exposure prior to growth was found to reduce the amount of the amorphous phase on the surface. Defects such as pitting were also observed on the ZrB<sub>2</sub> template surface.</div><div><br></div>

Synthesis and Characterization of Cadmium with Titanium Oxide (Cd-TiO2) Nanocomposite: Testing its Antibacterial Effect

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 2523-2529
Author(s):  
Daniel Sam N ◽  
Anish C I ◽  
Sabeena G ◽  
Rajaduraipandian S ◽  
Manobala ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sol Gel ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Weight Percentage ◽  
Inhibition Concentration ◽  
Xrd Patterns

Sol gel methods were used for the study of the antimicrobial activity of Cd-TiO2 against gram-negative and positive bacteria. These Cd-TiO2 have been characterized by various optical and techniques. They have been exhibited by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, ultraviolet spectroscopy, and infrared spectroscopy. The structures of the various XRD patterns indicate that the product has a structure. The particle size of Cd-TiO2 is 35nm. The SEM images confirm the spherical appearance of the sample. The energy X-ray spectra have been confirmed as well and then C, O, Ti, Cd, Pt element are present in Cd-TiO2. The weight percentage of Cadmium is 5.8%, Ti is 51.03%, C is 5.13% and O is 31.75% in Cd-TiO2. BET image shows that the major pore size distribution of Cd-TiO2 is ranged from 2.24 nm. The Cd-TiO2 that the antibacterial activity when tested against the pathogens only gram-negative bacteria such as Pseudomonas. The zone of minimum inhibition concentration was measured in a range of 20mm in 25μl and 30mm in 100μl.

scholarly journals Surface Study of CuO Nanopetals by Advanced Nanocharacterization Techniques with Enhanced Optical and Catalytic Properties

Nanomaterials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1298 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Arif Khan ◽  
Nafarizal Nayan ◽  
Shadiullah Shadiullah ◽  
Mohd Khairul Ahmad ◽  
Chin Fhong Soon
Keyword(s):  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Catalytic Properties ◽  
Average Length ◽  
Tem Analysis ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Surface Study ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
One Step ◽  
Controlled Morphology ◽  
Xrd Patterns

In the present work, a facile one-step hydrothermal synthesis of well-defined stabilized CuO nanopetals and its surface study by advanced nanocharacterization techniques for enhanced optical and catalytic properties has been investigated. Characterization by Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis confirmed existence of high crystalline CuO nanopetals with average length and diameter of 1611.96 nm and 650.50 nm, respectively. The nanopetals are monodispersed with a large surface area, controlled morphology, and demonstrate the nanocrystalline nature with a monoclinic structure. The phase purity of the as-synthesized sample was confirmed by Raman spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns. A significantly wide absorption up to 800 nm and increased band gap were observed in CuO nanopetals. The valance band (VB) and conduction band (CB) positions at CuO surface are measured to be of +0.7 and −1.03 eV, respectively, using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), which would be very promising for efficient catalytic properties. Furthermore, the obtained CuO nanopetals in the presence of hydrogen peroxide ( H 2 O 2 ) achieved excellent catalytic activities for degradation of methylene blue (MB) under dark, with degradation rate > 99% after 90 min, which is significantly higher than reported in the literature. The enhanced catalytic activity was referred to the controlled morphology of monodispersed CuO nanopetals, co-operative role of H 2 O 2 and energy band structure. This work contributes to a new approach for extensive application opportunities in environmental improvement.

scholarly journals Bacterial Compatibility/Toxicity of Biogenic Silica (b-SiO2) Nanoparticles Synthesized from Biomass Rice Husk Ash

Nanomaterials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 1440 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanjeev K. Sharma ◽  
Ashish R. Sharma ◽  
Sudheer D. V. N. Pamidimarri ◽  
Jyotshana Gaur ◽  
Beer Pal Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rice Husk ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Biogenic Silica ◽  
Rice Husk Ash ◽  
Sio2 Nanoparticles ◽  
High Porosity ◽  
Xps Spectra ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Xrd Patterns ◽  
Sio2 Nanopowder

Biogenic silica (b-SiO2) nanopowders from rice husk ash (RHA) were prepared by chemical method and their bacterial compatibility/toxicity was analyzed. The X-ray diffractometry (XRD) patterns of the b-SiO2 nanopowders indicated an amorphous feature due to the absence of any sharp peaks. Micrographs of the b-SiO2 revealed that sticky RHA synthesized SiO2 nanopowder (S1) had clustered spherical nanoparticles (70 nm diameter), while b-SiO2 nanopowder synthesized from red RHA (S2) and b-SiO2 nanopowder synthesized from brown RHA (S3) were purely spherical (20 nm and 10 nm diameter, respectively). Compared to the S1 (11.36 m2g−1) and S2 (234.93 m2g−1) nanopowders, the S3 nanopowders showed the highest surface area (280.16 m2g−1) due to the small particle size and high porosity. The core level of the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) spectra showed that Si was constituted by two components, Si 2p (102.2 eV) and Si 2s (153.8 eV), while Oxygen 1s was observed at 531.8 eV, confirming the formation of SiO2. The anti-bacterial activity of the b-SiO2 nanopowders was investigated using both gram-positive (Escherichia coli) and gram-negative (Staphylococcus aureus) microorganisms. Compared to S2 and S3 silica nanopowders, S1 demonstrated enhanced antibacterial activity. This study signifies the medical, biomedical, clinical, and biological importance and application of RHA-mediated synthesized b-SiO2.

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