scholarly journals Recent results and perspectives on cosmology and fundamental physics from microwave surveys

2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (06) ◽  
pp. 1630016
Author(s):  
Carlo Burigana ◽  
Elia Stefano Battistelli ◽  
Micol Benetti ◽  
Giovanni Cabass ◽  
Paolo De Bernardis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Physics ◽  
Neutron Lifetime ◽  
Microwave Background ◽  
Fundamental Physics ◽  
Axion Mass ◽  
Galaxy Surveys ◽  
Primordial Power Spectrum ◽  
Cosmological Data ◽  
Cross Correlations ◽  
Standard Cosmological Model

Recent cosmic microwave background (CMB) data in temperature and polarization have reached high precision in estimating all the parameters that describe the current so-called standard cosmological model. Recent results about the integrated Sachs–Wolfe (ISW) effect from CMB anisotropies, galaxy surveys, and their cross-correlations are presented. Looking at fine signatures in the CMB, such as the lack of power at low multipoles, the primordial power spectrum (PPS) and the bounds on non-Gaussianities, complemented by galaxy surveys, we discuss inflationary physics and the generation of primordial perturbations in the early universe. Three important topics in particle physics, the bounds on neutrinos masses and parameters, on thermal axion mass and on the neutron lifetime derived from cosmological data are reviewed, with attention to the comparison with laboratory experiment results. Recent results from cosmic polarization rotation (CPR) analyses aimed at testing the Einstein equivalence principle (EEP) are presented. Finally, we discuss the perspectives of next radio facilities for the improvement of the analysis of future CMB spectral distortion experiments.

scholarly journals Reconstructing the EFT of inflation from cosmological data

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amel Durakovic ◽  
Paul Hunt ◽  
Subodh Patil ◽  
Subir Sarkar
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Effective Theory ◽  
De Sitter ◽  
Microwave Background ◽  
Functional Parameters ◽  
Primordial Power Spectrum ◽  
Cosmological Data ◽  
Cent Level ◽  
Best Fit ◽  
Adiabatic Mode

Reconstructions of the primordial power spectrum (PPS) of curvature perturbations from cosmic microwave background anisotropies and large-scale structure data suggest that the usually assumed power-law PPS has localised features (up to \sim 10\%∼10% in amplitude), although of only marginal significance in the framework of \LambdaΛCDM cosmology. On the other hand if the cosmology is taken to be Einstein-de Sitter, larger features in the PPS (up to \sim 20\%∼20% in amplitude) are required to accurately fit the observed acoustic peaks. Within the context of single clock inflation, we show that any given reconstruction of the PPS can be mapped on to functional parameters of the underlying effective theory of the adiabatic mode within a 2nd-order formalism, provided the best fit fractional change of the PPS, \Delta{P}_{R}/{P}_{R}ΔPR/PR is such that (\Delta{P}_{R}/{P}_{R})^3(ΔPR/PR)3 falls within the 1\,\sigma1σ confidence interval of the reconstruction for features induced by variations of either the sound speed c_\mathrm{s}cs or the slow-roll parameter \epsilonϵ. Although there is a degeneracy amongst these functional parameters (and the models that project onto them), we can identify simple representative inflationary models that yield such features in the PPS. Thus we provide a dictionary (more accurately, a thesaurus) to go from observational data, via the reconstructed PPS, to models that reproduce them to per cent level precision.

scholarly journals CMB anisotropy science: a review

2012 ◽  
Vol 8 (S288) ◽  
pp. 42-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony Challinor
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
Cosmological Model ◽  
Cosmic Microwave Background ◽  
Gravitational Waves ◽  
Early Universe ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Microwave Background ◽  
Fundamental Physics ◽  
Standard Cosmological Model

AbstractThe cosmic microwave background (CMB) provides us with our most direct observational window to the early universe. Observations of the temperature and polarization anisotropies in the CMB have played a critical role in defining the now-standard cosmological model. In this contribution we review some of the basics of CMB science, highlighting the role of observations made with ground-based and balloon-borne Antarctic telescopes. Most of the ingredients of the standard cosmological model are poorly understood in terms of fundamental physics. We discuss how current and future CMB observations can address some of these issues, focusing on two directly relevant for Antarctic programmes: searching for gravitational waves from inflation via B-mode polarization, and mapping dark matter through CMB lensing.

No-scale supergravity inflation: A bridge between string theory and particle physics?

2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (14) ◽  
pp. 1630027 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Ellis
Keyword(s):  
Supergravity Models ◽  
String Theory ◽  
Effective Potential ◽  
Particle Physics ◽  
Model Building ◽  
Inflationary Model ◽  
New Wave ◽  
Microwave Background ◽  
Supergravity Theory ◽  
Text Model

The plethora of recent and forthcoming data on the cosmic microwave background (CMB) data are stimulating a new wave of inflationary model-building. Naturalness suggests that the appropriate framework for models of inflation is supersymmetry. This should be combined with gravity in a supergravity theory, whose specific no-scale version has much to commend it, e.g. its derivation from string theory and the flat directions in its effective potential. Simple no-scale supergravity models yield predictions similar to those of the Starobinsky [Formula: see text] model, though some string-motivated versions make alternative predictions. Data are beginning to provide interesting constraints on the rate of inflaton decay into Standard Model particles. In parallel, LHC and other data provide significant constraints on no-scale supergravity models, which suggest that some sparticles might have masses close to present experimental limits.

scholarly journals CFHTLenS and RCSLenS: testing photometric redshift distributions using angular cross-correlations with spectroscopic galaxy surveys

2016 ◽  
Vol 463 (4) ◽  
pp. 3737-3754 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Choi ◽  
C. Heymans ◽  
C. Blake ◽  
H. Hildebrandt ◽  
C. A. J. Duncan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Galaxy Surveys ◽  
Photometric Redshift ◽  
Cross Correlations

scholarly journals The Search for Feebly Interacting Particles

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 279-313
Author(s):  
Gaia Lanfranchi ◽  
Maxim Pospelov ◽  
Philip Schuster
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
Particle Physics ◽  
Interaction Strength ◽  
New Physics ◽  
Fine Tuning ◽  
Experimental Program ◽  
Interacting Particles ◽  
Fundamental Physics ◽  
The Standard Model ◽  
The Universe

At the dawn of a new decade, particle physics faces the challenge of explaining the mystery of dark matter, the origin of matter over antimatter in the Universe, the apparent fine-tuning of the electroweak scale, and many other aspects of fundamental physics. Perhaps the most striking frontier to emerge in the search for answers involves New Physics at mass scales comparable to that of familiar matter—below the GeV scale but with very feeble interaction strength. New theoretical ideas to address dark matter and other fundamental questions predict such feebly interacting particles (FIPs) at these scales, and existing data may even provide hints of this possibility. Emboldened by the lessons of the LHC, a vibrant experimental program to discover such physics is underway, guided by a systematic theoretical approach that is firmly grounded in the underlying principles of the Standard Model. We give an overview of these efforts, their motivations, and the decadal goals that animate the community involved in the search for FIPs, and we focus in particular on accelerator-based experiments.

scholarly journals Testing the warmness of dark matter

2019 ◽  
Vol 490 (1) ◽  
pp. 1406-1414 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suresh Kumar ◽  
Rafael C Nunes ◽  
Santosh Kumar Yadav
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
Cold Dark Matter ◽  
Hubble Space Telescope ◽  
Hubble Constant ◽  
Mass Scale ◽  
Acoustic Oscillations ◽  
Microwave Background ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Λcdm Model ◽  
Cosmological Data

ABSTRACT Dark matter (DM) as a pressureless perfect fluid provides a good fit of the standard Λ cold dark matter (ΛCDM) model to the astrophysical and cosmological data. In this paper, we investigate two extended properties of DM: a possible time dependence of the equation of state of DM via Chevallier–Polarski–Linder parametrization, wdm = wdm0 + wdm1(1 − a), and the constant non-null sound speed $\hat{c}^2_{\rm s,dm}$. We analyse these DM properties on top of the base ΛCDM model by using the data from Planck cosmic microwave background (CMB) temperature and polarization anisotropy, baryonic acoustic oscillations (BAOs), and the local value of the Hubble constant from the Hubble Space Telescope (HST). We find new and robust constraints on the extended free parameters of DM. The most tight constraints are imposed by CMB+BAO data, where the three parameters wdm0, wdm1, and $\hat{c}^2_{\rm s,dm}$ are, respectively, constrained to be less than 1.43 × 10−3, 1.44 × 10−3, and 1.79 × 10−6 at 95 per cent CL. All the extended parameters of DM show consistency with zero at 95 per cent CL, indicating no evidence beyond the CDM paradigm. We notice that the extended properties of DM significantly affect several parameters of the base ΛCDM model. In particular, in all the analyses performed here, we find significantly larger mean values of H0 and lower mean values of σ8 in comparison to the base ΛCDM model. Thus, the well-known H0 and σ8 tensions might be reconciled in the presence of extended DM parameters within the ΛCDM framework. Also, we estimate the warmness of DM particles as well as its mass scale, and find a lower bound: ∼500 eV from our analyses.

scholarly journals Correlation Functions of CMB Anisotropy and Polarization

1999 ◽  
Vol 183 ◽  
pp. 104-104
Author(s):  
Kin-Wang Ng
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Function ◽  
Stokes Parameters ◽  
Temperature Anisotropy ◽  
Microwave Background ◽  
Signal To Noise ◽  
Polarization Experiment ◽  
Promising Tool ◽  
Cmb Polarization ◽  
Full Analysis ◽  
Cross Correlations

While the temperature anisotropy of the cosmic microwave background is proved to be a promising tool for probing the early Universe, the CMB polarization is another important clue for extracting more cosmic information. We give a full analysis of the auto- and cross-correlations between the CMB Stokes parameters. In particular, we derive the windowing function for an antenna with Gaussian response in polarization experiment, and construct correlation function estimators corrected for instrumental noise. They are applied to calculate the signal to noise ratios for future MAP and Planck anisotropy and polarization measurements.

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