ADHESION STRENGTH OF TiN COATINGS AT VARIOUS ION ETCHING DEPOSITED ON TOOL STEELS USING CATHODIC ARC PVD TECHNIQUE

2009 ◽  
Vol 16 (01) ◽  
pp. 29-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
MUBARAK ALI ◽  
ESAH HAMZAH ◽  
NOUMAN ALI
Keyword(s):  
Adhesion Strength ◽  
Tool Steel ◽  
Physical Vapor Deposition ◽  
High Speed ◽  
High Speed Steel ◽  
Scratch Test ◽  
Tool Steels ◽  
Ion Etching ◽  
Tin Coatings ◽  
Physical Vapor Deposition Method

Titanium nitride ( TiN ) widely used as hard coating material was coated on tool steels, namely on high-speed steel (HSS) and D2 tool steel by physical vapor deposition method. The goal of this study was to examine the effect of ion etching with and without titanium ( Ti ) and chromium ( Cr ) on the adhesion strength of TiN coatings deposited on tool steels. From the scratch tester, it was observed that by increasing Ti ion etching showed an increase in adhesion strength of the deposited coatings. The coatings deposited with Cr ion etching showed poor adhesion compared with the coatings deposited with Ti ion etching. Scratch test measurements showed that the coating deposited with titanium ion etching for 16 min is the most stable coating and maintained even at the critical load of 66 N. The curve obtained via penetration depth along the scratch trace is linear in the case of HSS, whereas is slightly flexible in the case of D2 tool steel. The coatings deposited on HSS exhibit better adhesion compared with those on D2 tool steel.

EFFECT OF COATING THICKNESS ON THE PROPERTIES OF TiN COATINGS DEPOSITED ON TOOL STEELS USING CATHODIC ARC PVD TECHNIQUE

2008 ◽  
Vol 15 (04) ◽  
pp. 401-410 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. MUBARAK ◽  
PARVEZ AKHTER ◽  
ESAH HAMZAH ◽  
MOHD RADZI HJ. MOHD TOFF ◽  
ISHTIAQ A. QAZI
Keyword(s):  
Surface Morphology ◽  
Tool Steel ◽  
Coating Thickness ◽  
Vapor Deposition ◽  
Physical Vapor Deposition ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
High Speed Steel ◽  
Hard Coatings ◽  
Tool Steels ◽  
Cathodic Arc

Titanium nitride ( TiN ) widely used as hard coating material, was coated on tool steels, namely on high-speed steel (HSS) and D2 tool steel by physical vapor deposition method. The study concentrated on cathodic arc physical vapor deposition (CAPVD), a technique used for the deposition of hard coatings for tooling applications, and which has many advantages. The main drawback of this technique, however, is the formation of macrodroplets (MDs) during deposition, resulting in films with rougher morphology. Various standard characterization techniques and equipment, such as electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, hardness testing machine, scratch tester, and pin-on-disc machine, were used to analyze and quantify the following properties and parameters: surface morphology, thickness, hardness, adhesion, and coefficient of friction (COF) of the deposited coatings. Surface morphology revealed that the MDs produced during the etching stage, protruded through the TiN film, resulting in film with deteriorated surface features. Both coating thickness and indentation loads influenced the hardness of the deposited coatings. The coatings deposited on HSS exhibit better adhesion compared to those on D2 tool steel. Standard deviation indicates that the coating deposited with thickness around 6.7 μm showed the most stable trend of COF versus sliding distance.

Evolution of TiN Coating Surface Roughness during Physical Vapor Deposition on High Speed Steel Substrate

2014 ◽  
Vol 604 ◽  
pp. 67-70
Author(s):  
Leonid Kupchenko ◽  
Rauno Tali ◽  
Eron Adoberg ◽  
Valdek Mikli ◽  
Vitali Podgursky
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Vapor Deposition ◽  
Physical Vapor Deposition ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Steel Substrate ◽  
High Speed Steel ◽  
Growth Exponent ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Tin Coatings ◽  
Atomic Force

TiN coatings with different thickness were prepared by arc ion plating (AIP) physical vapor deposition (PVD) on high speed steel (HSS) substrates. TiN coatings surface roughness was investigated by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and 3D optical profilometry and growth kinetics was described using scaling exponents β and α. The growth exponent β is 0.91-1.0 and the roughness exponent α is 0.77-0.81. Due to relatively high value of the exponent α, the surface diffusion is likely predominant smoothening mechanism of TiN growth.

MACRODROPLET REDUCTION AND GROWTH MECHANISMS IN CATHODIC ARC PHYSICAL VAPOR DEPOSITION OF TiN FILMS

2008 ◽  
Vol 15 (05) ◽  
pp. 653-659 ◽  
Author(s):  
MUBARAK ALI ◽  
ESAH HAMZAH ◽  
TAHIR ABBAS ◽  
MOHD RADZI HJ. MOHD TOFF ◽  
ISHTIAQ A. QAZI
Keyword(s):  
Vapor Deposition ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Physical Vapor Deposition ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
High Speed Steel ◽  
Hard Coatings ◽  
Growth Mechanisms ◽  
Tin Coatings ◽  
Cathodic Arc

Cathodic arc physical vapor deposition (CAPVD) a technique used for the deposition of hard coatings for tooling applications has many advantages. The main drawback of this technique is the formation of macrodroplets (MDs) during deposition resulting in films with rougher morphology. The MDs contamination and growth mechanisms was investigated in TiN coatings over high-speed steel, as a function of metal ion etching, substrate bias, and nitrogen gas flow rate; it was observed that the latter is the most important factor in controlling the size and number of the macrodroplets.

ELECTRITE TATMO

Alloy Digest ◽  
1974 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Tool Steel ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
High Speed Steel ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
General Purpose ◽  
Tool Steels ◽  
Steel Company

Abstract ELECTRITE TATMO is a molybdenum type high-speed steel and is recommended as a general purpose tool steel. It has good toughness and excellent grindability along with a relatively low cost. These factors make it an economic and efficient member of the high-speed family of tool steels. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, and elasticity as well as fracture toughness. It also includes information on forming, heat treating, machining, and joining. Filing Code: TS-268. Producer or source: Latrobe Steel Company.

Effect of Annealing on Properties of the TiN & TiAlN Coatings Deposited on Powder Metallurgy High Speed Steel ( S790 )

2013 ◽  
Vol 477-478 ◽  
pp. 1397-1402 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chuan Liang Cao ◽  
Xiang Lin Zhang ◽  
Chun Fa Dong ◽  
Xiang Zha
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stress ◽  
Powder Metallurgy ◽  
Adhesion Strength ◽  
Physical Vapor Deposition ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Phase Variation ◽  
High Speed Steel ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Hardness Tester

To improve the mechanical properties of the physical vapor deposition (PVD) coatings deposited on fine-blanking tools and increase the tool life, TiN and TiAlN coatings were deposited on the powder metallurgy high speed steel S790 substrates by Multi-arc ion plating, and then annealed at the temperature of 500°C for one hour in vacuum enviroment. The phase variation, residual stress, morphology, surface microhardness and adhesion strength of coatings were respectively analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Vickers hardness tester and automatic scratch tester. The preferred orientations in the coatings are not changed after annealing, indicating no disparities in the crystal structure of the coatings. The residual stress of coatings released a little after annealing, however the adhesion strength between the coatings and substrates increased obviously, which indicated that the properties of the TiN and TiAlN coatings deposited on S790 steel were improved.

UNS T12001

Alloy Digest ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Tool Steel ◽  
High Speed ◽  
High Speed Steel ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
General Purpose ◽  
Steel Mills

Abstract UNS T12001 is a general-purpose, tungsten, high-speed steel containing nominally 18% tungsten, 4% chromium and 1% vanadium. It is suitable for practically all high-speed applications. This steel has been the standard of the industry for many years because of its cutting ability, ease of heat treatment and minimum tendency to decarburize. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, and elasticity. It also includes information on forming, heat treating, and machining. Filing Code: TS-495. Producer or source: Tool steel mills.

UNS T11310

Alloy Digest ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 37 (5) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Tool Steel ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Cutting Tools ◽  
High Speed Steel ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
General Purpose ◽  
Steel Mills

Abstract UNS No. T11310 is the high vanadium type of molybdenum high-speed steel. It is a deep-hardening steel and offers high cutting ability and excellent finishing properties. It is a general-purpose steel for cutting tools and is used in such applications as taps, lathe tools and reamers. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, and tensile properties. It also includes information on heat treating and machining. Filing Code: TS-490. Producer or source: Tool steel mills.

AISI TYPE M7

Alloy Digest ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 36 (10) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Tool Steel ◽  
High Speed ◽  
High Speed Steel ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Significant Loss ◽  
Steel Mills ◽  
Aisi Type ◽  
End Mills ◽  
The Many ◽  
Twist Drills

Abstract AISI Type M7 is a molybdenum type of high-speed steel. It is somewhat similar to AISI Type M1 tool steel but with higher percentages of carbon and vanadium to provide an improvement over AISI Type M1 in cutting characteristics without a significant loss in toughness. It is suitable for a wide variety of cutting-tool applications where improved resistance to abrasion is required. The many uses of Type M7 include twist drills, end mills, shear blades, punches, milling cutters, lathe tools, taps and reamers. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, and elasticity as well as fracture toughness. It also includes information on forming, heat treating, machining, and surface treatment. Filing Code: TS-483. Producer or source: Tool steel mills. See also Alloy Digest TS-468, January 1987.

VANADIS 23

Alloy Digest ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 47 (10) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Powder Metallurgy ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Surface Treatment ◽  
Tool Steel ◽  
High Speed ◽  
High Speed Steel ◽  
Heat Treating

Abstract Vanadis 23 is a Cr-Mo-W-Va alloyed high-speed steel made by powder metallurgy. The tool steel offers an excellent combination of wear resistance and toughness. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, and elasticity as well as fracture toughness. It also includes information on heat treating, machining, and surface treatment. Filing Code: TS-561. Producer or source: Uddeholm Corporation. See also Alloy Digest TS-552, March 1997.

scholarly journals Improving Properties of Tool Steels by Method of Dynamic Alloying

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 369-379
Author(s):  
A. S. Kalinichenko ◽  
V. I. Ovchinnikov ◽  
S. M. Usherenko ◽  
Javad F. Yazdani-Cherati
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Matrix Material ◽  
Amorphous State ◽  
High Speed Steel ◽  
Deep Penetration ◽  
Structure And Properties ◽  
Tool Steels ◽  
Particle Flows ◽  
Dynamic Processing

The influence of high-speed particle fluxes on changes in the structure and properties of materials has been widely studied currently. The effect exerted by particles moving at very high speeds can have both negative (in spacecrafts) and positive character (dynamic processing of tool steels). Therefore a task for studying an effect of high-speed particle flows on structure change in tool steels and improving their performance properties has been set in the paper. The study has used an explosive method for creation of a high-speed flow of SiC + Ni and Al2O3 particles. Samples after dynamic alloying have been subjected to diffusion nitriding. Microstructure of specimens made of X12M, R18, R6M5K5steel has been studied using optical and electron metallography. Wear resistance of the samples has been also tested on a friction machine. Theoretical and experimental results on a complex effect of high-speed microparticle flows and nitriding on a structure and properties of tool steels have been obtained during the research. It has been established that dynamic alloying by particles leads to formation of a specific structure in a composite material reinforced with channels. Central fiber (channel) zone with powder particles residues is surrounded by areas of amorphous state which is succeeded by a zone with a nanocrystalline fragmented cellular structure. Then we observe a zone with a microcrystalline structure that transits to a zone with crystalline structure which is characteristic for a matrix material of structural steel. The obtained data can expand and complement some ideas about mechanisms for dynamic loading of solids and condensed matter, plastic deformation, physical mechanics of structurally inhomogeneous media at different levels, a number of effects arising from collision and ultra-deep penetration of microparticles into metals. It has been shown that wear resistance of high-speed steel subjected to dynamic alloying in the quenched state is increased by 1.2 times in comparison with wear resistance of steel alloyed in the annealing state.

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