NANO/MICROSCALE TECHNOLOGIES FOR DRUG DELIVERY

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (02) ◽  
pp. 337-367 ◽  
Author(s):  
HAIRUI LI ◽  
JASPREET SINGH KOCHHAR ◽  
JING PAN ◽  
SUI YUNG CHAN ◽  
LIFENG KANG
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Drug Delivery Systems ◽  
Drug Testing ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
In Vitro Tests ◽  
In Vivo Test ◽  
Micro Particles

Nano- and microscale technologies have made a marked impact on the development of drug delivery systems. The loading efficiency and particle size of nano/micro particles can be better controlled with these new technologies than conventional methods. Moreover, drug delivery systems are moving from simple particles to smart particles and devices with programmable functions. These technologies are also contributing to in vitro and in vivo drug testing, which are important to evaluate drug delivery systems. For in vitro tests, lab-on-a-chip models are potentially useful as alternatives to animal models. For in vivo test, nano/micro-biosensors are developed for testing chemicals and biologics with high sensitivity and selectivity. Here, we review the recent development of nanoscale and microscale technologies in drug delivery including drug delivery systems, in vitro and in vivo tests.

scholarly journals In Vitro and In Vivo Test Methods for the Evaluation of Gastroretentive Dosage Forms

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 416 ◽  
Author(s):  
Schneider ◽  
Koziolek ◽  
Weitschies
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Drug Delivery Systems ◽  
Oral Drug Delivery ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
Oral Drug ◽  
Gastrointestinal Physiology ◽  
In Vivo Test

More than 50 years ago, the first concepts for gastroretentive drug delivery systems were developed. Despite extensive research in this field, there is no single formulation concept for which reliable gastroretention has been demonstrated under different prandial conditions. Thus, gastroretention remains the holy grail of oral drug delivery. One of the major reasons for the various setbacks in this field is the lack of predictive in vitro and in vivo test methods used during preclinical development. In most cases, human gastrointestinal physiology is not properly considered, which leads to the application of inappropriate in vitro and animal models. Moreover, conditions in the stomach are often not fully understood. Important aspects such as the kinetics of fluid volumes, gastric pH or mechanical stresses have to be considered in a realistic manner, otherwise, the gastroretentive potential as well as drug release of novel formulations cannot be assessed correctly in preclinical studies. This review, therefore, highlights the most important aspects of human gastrointestinal physiology and discusses their potential implications for the evaluation of gastroretentive drug delivery systems.

scholarly journals Current Status of Supersaturable Self-Emulsifying Drug Delivery Systems

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 365 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heejun Park ◽  
Eun-Sol Ha ◽  
Min-Soo Kim
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Drug Delivery Systems ◽  
Drug Application ◽  
In Vitro Digestion ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Current Status ◽  
In Vitro Tests

Self-emulsifying drug delivery systems (SEDDSs) are a vital strategy to enhance the bioavailability (BA) of formulations of poorly water-soluble compounds. However, these formulations have certain limitations, including in vivo drug precipitation, poor in vitro in vivo correlation due to a lack of predictive in vitro tests, issues in handling of liquid formulation, and physico-chemical instability of drug and/or vehicle components. To overcome these limitations, which restrict the potential usage of such systems, the supersaturable SEDDSs (su-SEDDSs) have gained attention based on the fact that the inclusion of precipitation inhibitors (PIs) within SEDDSs helps maintain drug supersaturation after dispersion and digestion in the gastrointestinal tract. This improves the BA of drugs and reduces the variability of exposure. In addition, the formulation of solid su-SEDDSs has helped to overcome disadvantages of liquid or capsule dosage form. This review article discusses, in detail, the current status of su-SEDDSs that overcome the limitations of conventional SEDDSs. It discusses the definition and range of su-SEDDSs, the principle mechanisms underlying precipitation inhibition and enhanced in vivo absorption, drug application cases, biorelevance in vitro digestion models, and the development of liquid su-SEDDSs to solid dosage forms. This review also describes the effects of various physiological factors and the potential interactions between PIs and lipid, lipase or lipid digested products on the in vivo performance of su-SEDDSs. In particular, several considerations relating to the properties of PIs are discussed from various perspectives.

scholarly journals REVIEW ON NOVEL OSMOTIC DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (5-s) ◽  
pp. 87-93
Author(s):  
AS Bansode ◽  
K Sarvanan
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Drug Release ◽  
Drug Delivery Systems ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Extended Period ◽  
Dosage Forms ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
The Body

Novel drug delivery systems (NDDS) are the key area of pharmaceutical research and Development. The reason is relatively low development cost and time required for introducing a NDDS as compared to new chemical entity. Many conventional drug delivery systems have been designed to modulate the release a drug over an extended period of a time. Various designs are available to control or modulate the drug release from a dosage forms. Majority of oral CR dosage forms fall in the category of matrix, reservoir or osmotic systems. Osmotically controlled drug delivery systems (OCDDS) is one of the most promising drug delivery technology that use osmotic pressure as a driving force for controlled delivery of active agents. Drug release from OCDDS is independent of pH and hydrodynamic conditions of the body because of the semipermeable nature of the Rate controlling membrane and the design of deliver orifice used in osmotic systems, so a high degree of In vitro/In vivo correlation is achieved. Osmotic drug delivery systems release the drug with the zero order kinetics which does not depend on the initial concentration and the physiological factors of GIT. This review brings out new technologies, fabrication and recent clinical research in osmotic drug delivery. Keywords: Osmotic, Matrix, Reservoir, Fabrication

scholarly journals A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW ON SUPERSATURABLE SELF-NANOEMULSIFYING DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM

2021 ◽  
pp. 40-44
Author(s):  
MUTHADI RADHIKA REDDY ◽  
KUMAR SHIVA GUBBIYAPPA
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Drug Delivery Systems ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
In Vitro Tests ◽  
Drug Bioavailability ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Anti Cancer

Lipid-based drug delivery systems are extensively reported in the literature for enhancing drug solubility, permeability, and bioavailability. Self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery systems (SNEDDS) are a superior strategy for enhancing solubility and bioavailability of poorly water-soluble compounds and the most prevailing and commercially viable oil-based approach for drugs that exhibit low dissolution rate and inadequate absorption. However, these formulations have few limitations that include in vivo drug precipitation, inferior in vitro in vivo correlation owing to unavailability of in vitro tests, handling issues of liquid formulation, and physicochemical instability of drugs. These limitations are overcome by potential systems such as supersaturable SNEDDS (S-SNEDDS) which are prepared by addition of precipitation inhibitors into formulated SNEDDS to maintain drug supersaturation post dispersion in gastrointestinal tract. These systems improve drug bioavailability and reduce the inconsistency of exposure. In addition, these formulations also help to overcome the drawbacks of liquid and capsule dosage forms. The S-SNEDDS provides an effective approach for improving the dissolution and bioavailability of anti-cancer agents. In this article, an attempt was made to present an overview of SNEDDS, S-SNEDDS, their mechanism, formulation excipients, recent advancements, advantages, and disadvantages of SNEDDS formulations. The article also focuses on reviewing the application of S-SNEDDS in enhancing the solubility and bioavailability of anti-cancer drugs in cancer therapy.

scholarly journals Mechanisms and Pharmaceutical Action of Lipid Nanoformulation of Natural Bioactive Compounds as Efficient Delivery Systems in the Therapy of Osteoarthritis

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 1108
Author(s):  
Oana Craciunescu ◽  
Madalina Icriverzi ◽  
Paula Ecaterina Florian ◽  
Anca Roseanu ◽  
Mihaela Trif
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Targeted Delivery ◽  
Drug Delivery Systems ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
Joint Disease ◽  
Duration Of Action ◽  
Immune System Activation

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease. An objective of the nanomedicine and drug delivery systems field is to design suitable pharmaceutical nanocarriers with controllable properties for drug delivery and site-specific targeting, in order to achieve greater efficacy and minimal toxicity, compared to the conventional drugs. The aim of this review is to present recent data on natural bioactive compounds with anti-inflammatory properties and efficacy in the treatment of OA, their formulation in lipid nanostructured carriers, mainly liposomes, as controlled release systems and the possibility to be intra-articularly (IA) administered. The literature regarding glycosaminoglycans, proteins, polyphenols and their ability to modify the cell response and mechanisms of action in different models of inflammation are reviewed. The advantages and limits of using lipid nanoformulations as drug delivery systems in OA treatment and the suitable route of administration are also discussed. Liposomes containing glycosaminoglycans presented good biocompatibility, lack of immune system activation, targeted delivery of bioactive compounds to the site of action, protection and efficiency of the encapsulated material, and prolonged duration of action, being highly recommended as controlled delivery systems in OA therapy through IA administration. Lipid nanoformulations of polyphenols were tested both in vivo and in vitro models that mimic OA conditions after IA or other routes of administration, recommending their clinical application.

Self-assembled drug delivery systems. Part 6: In vitro/in vivo studies of anticancer N-octadecanoyl gemcitabine nanoassemblies

2012 ◽  
Vol 430 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 276-281 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yiguang Jin ◽  
Yanju Lian ◽  
Lina Du ◽  
Shuangmiao Wang ◽  
Chang Su ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Drug Delivery Systems ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Self Assembled

scholarly journals Polymer-Based Smart Drug Delivery Systems for Skin Application and Demonstration of Stimuli-Responsiveness

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 1285
Author(s):  
Louise Van Gheluwe ◽  
Igor Chourpa ◽  
Coline Gaigne ◽  
Emilie Munnier
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Drug Delivery Systems ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
Stimuli Responsive ◽  
Stimuli Responsive Polymers ◽  
Smart Drug ◽  
Smart Drug Delivery

Progress in recent years in the field of stimuli-responsive polymers, whose properties change depending on the intensity of a signal, permitted an increase in smart drug delivery systems (SDDS). SDDS have attracted the attention of the scientific community because they can help meet two current challenges of the pharmaceutical industry: targeted drug delivery and personalized medicine. Controlled release of the active ingredient can be achieved through various stimuli, among which are temperature, pH, redox potential or even enzymes. SDDS, hitherto explored mainly in oncology, are now developed in the fields of dermatology and cosmetics. They are mostly hydrogels or nanosystems, and the most-used stimuli are pH and temperature. This review offers an overview of polymer-based SDDS developed to trigger the release of active ingredients intended to treat skin conditions or pathologies. The methods used to attest to stimuli-responsiveness in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo are discussed.

scholarly journals Natural Polysaccharides for siRNA Delivery: Nanocarriers Based on Chitosan, Hyaluronic Acid, and Their Derivatives

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (14) ◽  
pp. 2570 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inés Serrano-Sevilla ◽  
Álvaro Artiga ◽  
Scott G. Mitchell ◽  
Laura De Matteis ◽  
Jesús M. de la Fuente
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Hyaluronic Acid ◽  
Small Interfering Rna ◽  
Drug Delivery Systems ◽  
Sirna Delivery ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
Low Toxicity ◽  
Interfering Rna

Natural polysaccharides are frequently used in the design of drug delivery systems due to their biocompatibility, biodegradability, and low toxicity. Moreover, they are diverse in structure, size, and charge, and their chemical functional groups can be easily modified to match the needs of the final application and mode of administration. This review focuses on polysaccharidic nanocarriers based on chitosan and hyaluronic acid for small interfering RNA (siRNA) delivery, which are highly positively and negatively charged, respectively. The key properties, strengths, and drawbacks of each polysaccharide are discussed. In addition, their use as efficient nanodelivery systems for gene silencing applications is put into context using the most recent examples from the literature. The latest advances in this field illustrate effectively how chitosan and hyaluronic acid can be modified or associated with other molecules in order to overcome their limitations to produce optimized siRNA delivery systems with promising in vitro and in vivo results.

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