Diverse Facets in Identities and Party Affiliations of Native Taiwanese Elders

2016 ◽  
Vol 52 (03) ◽  
pp. 1650011
Author(s):  
FENG-YI CHU
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
Colonial Period ◽  
Democratic Progressive Party ◽  
Social Stability ◽  
Cultural Hierarchy ◽  
Han Ethnicity ◽  
Rich Diversity ◽  
Political Orientations ◽  
The One ◽  
Progressive Party

There exists a conventional stereotype about native Taiwanese elders that were born in and lived through the Japanese rule before 1945. On the one hand, some politicians and political commentators derogatorily call them the “Kominka generation,” reinforcing the image of this group of having strong affection for and even intense loyalty to the previous Japanese regime. On the other hand, although many researchers have pointed out this cohorts’ strong cultural ties to Han ethnicity — some even possessed nostalgic feelings toward China — in the colonial period, the researchers also emphasized the emergence of their strong sense of being Taiwanese when they suffered various political and cultural discrimination from the new Chinese dominant class after 1945. Therefore, both perspectives falsely imagine this cohort to be definitely identifying themselves as Taiwanese, rejecting Chinese identity, opposing the Kuomintang (KMT), and supporting the Democratic Progressive Party (DPP). This paper aims to challenge these stereotypes. By adopting the techniques of grounded theory, the paper shows rich diversity not only in this cohort’s perceptions toward the political parties but also in their identity patterns. Furthermore three themes are identified in these participants’ explanation for their political orientations: economic development, social stability and security, and the cultural hierarchy that gives the KMT elites higher symbolic values than native political elites.

scholarly journals Lessons of Defeat and Success: Taiwan's 2012 Elections in Comparative Perspective

2014 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 13-43
Author(s):  
Dafydd Fell ◽  
Charles Chen
Keyword(s):  
Participant Observation ◽  
National Level ◽  
Democratic Progressive Party ◽  
Local Elections ◽  
Legislative Elections ◽  
Campaign Strategies ◽  
Campaign Strategy ◽  
The One ◽  
Electoral Performance ◽  
Progressive Party

In early 2011, the Kuomintang (KMT, Guomindang) government appeared to be in danger of losing power in the upcoming presidential elections. The DPP had recovered sufficiently from its disastrous electoral performance in 2008 to pose a real challenge to Ma Ying-jeou (Ma Yingjiu) and had matched the KMT's vote share in midterm local elections. Ma also faced the challenge of an independent presidential candidate, James Soong (Song Chuyu), who had come a close second in 2000 and now threatened to divide the pro KMT vote. Nevertheless, the KMT was able to win reduced majorities in both the presidential and legislative elections in January 2012. This article seeks to explain how the KMT was able to hold on to power by comparing the campaign with earlier national-level elections. We are interested in identifying the degree to which the Democratic Progressive Party (DPP, Minjindang) learnt from its electoral setbacks in 2008 and whether the KMT employed a similar campaign strategy to the one that had been so effective in returning it to power in 2008. Our analysis relies of an examination of campaign propaganda and campaign strategies as well as participant observation and survey data from 2012 and earlier contests.

Two-party Contests and the Politics of Electoral Reforms: The Case of Taiwan

2014 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 658-681 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eunju Chi
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
Electoral System ◽  
Party Competition ◽  
Democratic Progressive Party ◽  
Mixed System ◽  
Reform Process ◽  
The Public ◽  
Electoral Reforms ◽  
Rational Choices ◽  
Progressive Party

This article examines how party competition has led to electoral reforms in Taiwan. Dissatisfied with the existing system, political parties in Taiwan promoted electoral reforms. The Democratic Progressive Party led the reform process and the Kuomintang collaborated with it to change the electoral system from a single non-transferable vote and multi-member district system to a first-past-the-post mixed system. Despite opposition to the changes, these two parties successfully formed a coalition and passed reform bills with the support of the public. Using a theoretical framework of actors’ rational choices, this article argues that the parties’ goals of maximizing the number of seats and strategic interaction led to electoral reforms, and that during the reforms, the provision that the first-past-the-post system would provide more seats in the Legislative Yuan was crucial for the two parties. The article supports this argument with evidence from interviews, biographies and documents.

Misalignment between Social Movements and Political Parties in Taiwan’s 2016 Election

Asian Survey ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 58 (5) ◽  
pp. 874-897 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lev Nachman
Keyword(s):  
Social Movements ◽  
Political Parties ◽  
Political Party ◽  
Presidential Election ◽  
Democratic Progressive Party ◽  
Nationalist Party ◽  
2016 Election ◽  
Progressive Party ◽  
Opposition Movement

Why would opposition movement activists not support an established opposition political party? Taiwan’s 2016 presidential election is apropos. This study shows that the Democratic Progressive Party lost support from leftist activists not only because of ideological distance but because they see the party as flawed and ineffective. But activists still voted strategically for Tsai Ing-wen and the DPP to thwart the Nationalist Party from winning the election.

STABILITY AND CHANGES IN PARTY IDENTIFICATION IN TAIWAN: AN EXAMINATION OF LIFE CYCLE, COHORT, AND PERIOD EFFECTS

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-22
Author(s):  
Rou-lan Chen
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
Party System ◽  
Party Identification ◽  
Democratic Progressive Party ◽  
Random Effects Model ◽  
Period Effects ◽  
Party Identity ◽  
Identity Changes ◽  
New Democracy ◽  
Progressive Party

Abstract This article builds on the theoretical debate over age, period, and cohort effects (APC) and explores how these factors might affect Taiwan's partisan stability. We conducted a two-level multinomial logit random effects model using survey data from 1991 to 2020 to disentangle the APC effects. Our findings challenge Converse's core assumption that partisanship strengthens with age. As a new democracy, Taiwan's party affiliations remain fluid, and we do find evidence of period effects, particularly associated with cross-Strait crises that favor the DPP. However, generational replacement is the most significant factor driving party identity changes in Taiwan. With generational replacement, the Kuomintang is burdened by the image of a century-old party. The Democratic Progressive Party (DPP) had previously fared better among young cohorts but has recently lost its support from millennials. The youngest generation increasingly refuses to associate with the traditional political parties. It seems reasonable to expect that the new generational forces will restructure the Blue–Green cleavage and expand the ideological diversity of Taiwan's party system.

Researching Colonial Childhoods: Images and Representations of Children in Nigerian Newspaper Press, 1925–1950

2012 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
pp. 241-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saheed Aderinto
Keyword(s):  
Colonial Period ◽  
The Other ◽  
Social Stability ◽  
Politics Of Identity ◽  
The One

Abstract:This article takes an introductory excursion into newspaper sources for researching Nigerian children's history during the colonial period by analyzing and describing items including news, editorials, stories, photos, advertisements, columns, debates, features, and letters among others. It situates these newspaper sources within the context of the circumstances under which they were produced and the prevailing politics of identity, gender, and agency, on the one hand, and the interaction between the forces of “tradition” and “modernity” on the other. Instead of approaching children's experience from the well-established stand-points of disease, violence, delinquency and crime, this paper examines the following areas: children and education; children and motherhood; and children as consumers. These uncharted areas of Nigerian children's history render alternative and useful perspectives on agency and the centrality of childhood to colonial state's ideas of progress, civilization, modernity, and social stability.

Taiwan's State and Social Movements Under the DPP Government, 2000–2004

2005 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 401-425 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming-sho Ho
Keyword(s):  
Social Movements ◽  
Social Movement ◽  
Economic Recession ◽  
Contentious Politics ◽  
Political Orientation ◽  
Democratic Progressive Party ◽  
Opportunity Structure ◽  
Conservative Policy ◽  
Movement Strategy ◽  
Progressive Party

This article explores the evolution of social movement politics under the Democratic Progressive Party (DPP) government (2000–2004) by using the perspective of political opportunity structure. Recent “contentious politics” in Taiwan is analyzed in terms of four changing dimensions of the opportunity structure. First, the DPP government opens some policy channels, and social movement activists are given chances to work within the institution. Yet other features of the political landscape are less favorable to movement activists. Incumbent elites' political orientation shifts. As the economic recession sets in, there is a conservative policy turn. Political instability incurs widespread countermoblization to limit reform. Last, the Pan-Blue camp, now in opposition, devises its own social movement strategy. Some social movement issues gain political salience as a consequence of the intervention of the opposition parties, but its excessive opportunism also encourages the revolt of antireform forces. As a result of these countervailing factors, social movements have made only limited gains from the recent turnover of power.

The Progressive Party and the Rise of Executive-Centered Partisanship

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sidney M. Milkis
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Political Parties ◽  
Collective Responsibility ◽  
Partisan Politics ◽  
Presidential Candidates ◽  
Early Twentieth Century ◽  
Intermediary Organizations ◽  
Good Government ◽  
Progressive Party

This chapter examines the wayward path of Progressivism from Roosevelt's Bull Moose campaign to the Obama presidency. Committed to “pure democracy,” many early-twentieth-century reformers hoped to sweep away intermediary organizations like political parties. In their disdain for partisan politics and their enthusiasm for good government, they sought to fashion the Progressive Party as a party to end parties. However, the Progressives failed in that ambition, and their shortfall has had profound effects on contemporary government and politics. By transforming rather than transcending parties, they fostered a kindred, though bastardized, alternative: executive-centered partisanship. The transformation of parties set in motion by the Progressives has subjected both Progressivism and conservatism to an executive-centered democracy that subordinates “collective responsibility” to the needs of presidential candidates and incumbents.

scholarly journals Notes on the Study of Political Parties in the Third World

1994 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 659-694 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Crotty
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Colonial Period ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Social ◽  
National Leaders ◽  
Theoretical Conception ◽  
Political Conditions ◽  
The Third World ◽  
Historical Accounts

The research on political parties in developing nations is difficult to aggregate and to place in a comparative context. The reasons are many. The body of work is at best modest in size as well as uneven in focus, theoretical conception and empirical execution. Often comparative or more generalizable indicators and conclusions must be extracted from studies intended to clarify social developments over broad periods of time or, alternatively, within carefully set historical boundaries (the colonial; the transition from the colonial period to independence; post-independence developments; political conditions under specific national leaders, as examples). The efforts are broad stroke, primarily descriptive and usually interwoven with historical accounts and explanations of the social, economic and cultural factors that condition the life of a country. The range appears to run from megatheories-or, more accurately, broadly generalized interpretative sets of categorizations and conclusions applied to a region or a collection of countries (the research itself is seldom theoretically focused), supported by interpretative essays and expert, professionalized observation and background knowledge-to case studies of differing degrees of elaborateness. There is little in between.

scholarly journals La critique environnementale dans les récits animaliers de René Maran

Il Tolomeo ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lia Milanesio
Keyword(s):  
Colonial Period ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Other ◽  
Native Population ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Rene Maran ◽  
The One

This article aims at analysing René Maran’s five animal novels. In these texts, Maran criticizes the colonial system not only for its cruelty to the native population, but also for its ecological violence against the bush and its non-human inhabitants. In particular, this research will be focusing on the author’s ability to abandon a human (and colonial) point of view in order to adopt an animal one. On the one hand, this new subjectivity – as well as Maran’s comprehension of indigenous naturalist society – allows the writer to condemn the colonial period from an ecocritical perspective. On the other hand, it provides evidence of the existence of culture among the beasts of his novels. Finally, this article will also prove that it is thanks to their culture that Maran’s animals will try to resist the colonial-centred environment and ideology.

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