scholarly journals The influence of low-intensity resistance training combined with neuromuscular electrical stimulation on autonomic activity in healthy adults: A randomized controlled cross-over trial

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Toshiki Kutsuna ◽  
Hitoshi Sugawara ◽  
Hideaki Kurita ◽  
Satomi Kusaka ◽  
Tetsuya Takahashi
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Cardiovascular Responses ◽  
Healthy Adults ◽  
Autonomic Activity ◽  
Low Intensity ◽  
Randomized Controlled

Background: Low-intensity resistance training (RT) combined with neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) is one method of exercise to improve the deterioration of physical function. However, it is unclear whether low-intensity RT combined with NMES (RT + NMES) can be safely implemented. Objective: This study aimed to examine the influence of low-intensity RT + NMES on autonomic activity and cardiovascular responses in healthy adults. Methods: This study was an open-label, randomized controlled cross-over trial. The exercise intensity of isometric knee extension RT was set to 40% of the maximum voluntary contraction (peak torque). NMES was adjusted to a biphasic asymmetrical waveform with the frequency maintained at 50 Hz and a phase duration of 300 [Formula: see text]s. The difference in the change in autonomic activity and cardiovascular responses was compared by assessing heart rate variability, blood pressure, and heart rate during RT and [Formula: see text]. Results: Twenty healthy male college students (mean age [Formula: see text] years) participated in this study. The ratio of low- and high-frequency components of heart rate variability, systolic blood pressure, and heart rate increased during exercise in the RT and [Formula: see text] sessions ([Formula: see text]). There were no significant differences in autonomic activity and cardiovascular responses throughout the sessions during RT and [Formula: see text]. Conclusion: In conclusion, our results demonstrated that low-intensity [Formula: see text] was safe and did not induce excessive autonomic and cardiovascular responses in healthy adults.

scholarly journals Association between Heart Rate Variability, Blood Pressure and Autonomic Activity in Cyclic Alternating Pattern during Sleep

SLEEP ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 187-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hideaki Kondo ◽  
Motohiro Ozone ◽  
Noboru Ohki ◽  
Yohei Sagawa ◽  
Keiichirou Yamamichi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Autonomic Activity ◽  
Cyclic Alternating Pattern

scholarly journals Effects of Daily Intake of Almonds on Cardiac Autonomic Functions Measured by Heart Rate Variability in Response to Acute Stress: A Randomized Controlled Trial

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 20-20
Author(s):  
Vita Dikariyanto ◽  
Leanne Smith ◽  
May Robertson ◽  
Eslem Kusaslan ◽  
Molly O'Callaghan-Latham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Mental Stress ◽  
Autonomic Function ◽  
Acute Stress ◽  
Physical Stress ◽  
Cardiometabolic Health ◽  
Cardiac Autonomic Function ◽  
Randomized Controlled

Abstract Objectives Stress is inversely associated with heart rate variability (HRV), an indicator of cardiac autonomic function and a predictor of risk of sudden cardiac death. At times of stress, people tend to favor high sugar and fatty foods, often as snacks, with potential adverse effects on cardiometabolic health. Dietary recommendations for cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevention emphasize fruits, vegetables, wholegrains and nuts. There is evidence that consumption of nuts can reduce LDL cholesterol and blood pressure and help with weight management, however the impact of nuts on HRV in response to stress is unknown. The ATTIS dietary intervention study investigated the HRV response to acute stress following 6-week substitution of almonds for typical snacks high in refined starch, free sugars and saturated fats, and low in fibre. The study population comprised adults aged 30–70 y, who were habitual snack consumers, and at moderate risk of developing CVD. It was hypothesized that snacking on almonds would increase HRV during stress tasks, when HRV is expected to be reduced due to increased sympathetic activity. Methods A 6-week randomized controlled parallel trial was conducted. Participants were randomized to 1) control snacks (mini-muffins formulated to follow the average UK snack nutrient profile), or 2) dry-roasted whole almonds, both providing 20% estimated energy requirement. Supine HRV was measured (Mega Electronics Emotion Faros 180°, 2-leads wearable ECG-HRV monitor) during resting (5 min), physical stress (blood pressure monitor cuff inflation 200 mmHg, 5 min) and mental stress (Stroop colour-word test, 5 min) tasks pre- and post-intervention. A total of 105 participants (73 females and 32 males; mean age 56.2 y, SD 10.4) completed the trial. Results Almonds significantly increased the beat-to-beat HRV parameter, high-frequency power, during the mental stress test (mean difference 124 ms2; 95% CI 11, 237; P = 0.031) relative to control, indicating increased parasympathetic regulation. There were no treatment effects during resting and the physical stress task. Conclusions Snacking on whole almonds as a replacement for typical snacks increases HRV during mental stress, indicating an increased resilience in cardiac autonomic function and a novel mechanism whereby nuts may be cardioprotective. Funding Sources Almond Board of California.

Effect of Transcutaneous Acupoint Electrical Stimulation on Post-Hemorrhoidectomy-Associated Pain, Anxiety, and Heart Rate Variability: A Randomized-Controlled Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 450-466 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mei-Ling Yeh ◽  
Yu-Chu Chung ◽  
Lun-Chia Hsu ◽  
Shuo-Hui Hung
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Postoperative Pain ◽  
Anxiety Reduction ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Significant Group ◽  
Pain Anxiety ◽  
Randomized Controlled

Hemorrhoidectomy is the current best treatment for severe hemorrhoids, but it causes significant postoperative pain and anxiety, which is associated with heart rate variability (HRV). Transcutaneous acupoint electrical stimulation (TAES) was assumed to alleviate pain and anxiety, and modify the autonomic nervous system. This study aimed to examine the effects of TAES intervention on postoperative pain, anxiety, and HRV in patients who received a hemorrhoidectomy. A randomized-controlled trial with five repeated measures was conducted. The TAES group ( n = 39) received four 20-min sessions of electrical stimulation at chengshan (BL57) and erbai (EX-UE2) after hemorrhoidectomy, whereas the control group ( n = 41) did not. Data were collected using Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), State Anxiety Inventory (STAI), and HRV physiological signal monitor. TAES resulted in a significant group difference in pain scores, anxiety levels, and some HRV parameters. The findings indicate that TAES can help reduce pain and anxiety associated with hemorrhoidectomy. TAES is a noninvasive, simple, and convenient modality for post-hemorrhoidectomy-associated pain control and anxiety reduction.

Autonomic Nervous System Response to Epidural Analgesia in Laboring Patients by Wavelet Transform of Heart Rate and Blood Pressure Variability

2004 ◽  
Vol 101 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alain Deschamps ◽  
Ian Kaufman ◽  
Steven B. Backman ◽  
Gilles Plourde
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Wavelet Transform ◽  
Autonomic Nervous System ◽  
Blood Pressure Variability ◽  
Autonomic Activity ◽  
Neuraxial Blockade ◽  
Frequency Power

Background Epidurals are effective in relieving labor pain but result in a sympathectomy that may compromise maternal hemodynamic stability and fetal perfusion. Decreases in blood pressure and heart rate can be corrected, but markers of autonomic activity would be useful to predict and prevent such changes. The goal of this study was to find markers describing the changes in autonomic nervous system activity with epidural anesthesia in laboring patients. Methods The authors analyzed heart rate variability and blood pressure variability in 13 laboring patients using wavelet transform, a time-frequency analysis that accommodates rapid changes in autonomic activity. Heart rate and blood pressure variability were obtained 5 min before and 10 min after injection of 20 ml bupivacaine, 0.125%, and 50 microg fentanyl in the epidural space. Results Blood pressure and heart rate were not affected by epidural analgesia. However, high-frequency power of heart rate variability increased after epidural (increase in parasympathetic drive). The ratio of low-frequency:high-frequency power of heart rate variability decreased. High- and low-frequency power of blood pressure variability decreased (decrease in sympathetic outflow). Conclusions Indices of parasympathetic and sympathetic activity after neuraxial blockade in laboring patients can be obtained by analysis of both heart rate variability and blood pressure variability. The analysis by wavelet transform can discern changes in autonomic activity when values of blood pressure and heart rate do not vary significantly. Whether this technique could be used to predict and prevent hemodynamic compromise after neuraxial blockade merits further studies.

scholarly journals Risk of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Individuals with Autonomic Imbalance Measured by Heart Rate Variability

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 41-48
Author(s):  
Hyewon Chung ◽  
Yoon Hwan Oh ◽  
Ji Hyun Moon ◽  
Hyeon Ju Kim ◽  
Mi Hee Kong
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
High Risk ◽  
High Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Abdominal Obesity ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Autonomic Activity

Background: Studies have reported that reduced autonomic nervous system activity could result in a suboptimal health condition and various diseases, further increasing the mortality rate. The present study aimed to determine the difference in risk factors for metabolic and cardiovascular diseases in patients with reduced or unstable autonomic activity according to heart rate variability test results.Methods: We recorded blood pressure, physical measurements (body mass index and waist circumference), fasting blood glucose, and blood lipid status. Indicators representative of autonomic nerve functionality (total power [TP], standard deviation of the normal-to-normal intervals [SDNN], low-frequency band [LF], high-frequency band [HF]) were measured using a 5-minute heart rate variability test. Each indicator was divided into quartiles.Results: In men, the risk of abdominal obesity was high in the group with a low TP. In the group with a low SDNN, TP, and LF, the risk of a blood pressure increase was high. When LH and HF were low, there was a high risk of increased fasting blood sugar, whereas when LH was low, there was a high risk of hypertriglyceridemia. Women with SDNN loss had higher odds ratios for abdominal obesity and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterolemia.Conclusions: These results indicate a higher risk of having risk factors for metabolic and cardiovascular diseases, such as abdominal obesity, elevated blood pressure, hyperglycemia, hypertriglyceridemia, and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterolemia in a group with reduced autonomic activity measured by heart rate variability. Women with a low SDNN had a 4.51-fold higher risk of abdominal obesity than women with a high SDNN, showing the greatest value of the heart rate variability indices.

scholarly journals Sex differences in cardiovascular responses to orthostatic challenge in healthy older persons: A pilot study

2019 ◽  
Vol 106 (3) ◽  
pp. 236-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
C Sachse ◽  
I Trozic ◽  
B Brix ◽  
A Roessler ◽  
N Goswami
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Sex Differences ◽  
Orthostatic Hypotension ◽  
Older Persons ◽  
Cardiovascular Responses ◽  
Parasympathetic Activity ◽  
Hemodynamic Parameters ◽  
Orthostatic Challenge

Background Premenopausal women show a higher incidence of orthostatic hypotension than age-matched men, but there are limited data available on sex differences in cardiovascular responses to orthostatic challenge in healthy older persons. We investigated sex differences in hemodynamic and autonomic responses to orthostatic challenge in healthy older males and females. Materials and methods Fourteen older healthy women and 10 age-matched men performed a sit-to-stand test (5 min of sitting followed by 5 min of standing). A Task Force® Monitor continuously measured the following beat-to-beat hemodynamic parameters: heart rate, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, mean blood pressure, stroke index, cardiac index, and total peripheral resistance index. Cardiac autonomic activity, low-frequency (LF: 0.04–0.15 Hz) normalized (LFnuRRI) and high-frequency (HF: 0.15–0.4 Hz) normalized (HFnuRRI) components, and the ratio between LF and HF power (LF/HF) were calculated using power spectral analysis of heart rate variability. Results Across all hemodynamic parameters, there were no significant differences between the sexes at baseline and during standing. LFnuRRI (median: 70.2 vs. 52.3, p < 0.05) and LF/HF ratio (median: 2.4 vs. 1.1, p < 0.05) were significantly higher, whereas HFnuRRI (median: 29.8 vs. 47.7, p < 0.05) was lower among women at baseline. All other heart rate variability measures did not differ between the sexes. Conclusions The data indicate that older women showed higher sympathetic and lower parasympathetic activity at rest compared to age-matched men. These results are contradictory to the observations from previous studies, which showed a reduced sympathetic and enhanced parasympathetic activity in women in all ages. Further studies are required to determine the underlying mechanisms contributing to higher incidence of orthostatic hypotension in older females.

Leptin and its Relation to Autonomic Activity, Endothelial Cell Activation and Blood Pressure in a Young Black and White Population: The African-PREDICT study

2017 ◽  
Vol 50 (03) ◽  
pp. 257-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Blessing Ahiante ◽  
Wayne Smith ◽  
Leandi Lammertyn ◽  
Aletta Schutte
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Endothelial Cell ◽  
Cell Activation ◽  
White Men ◽  
Total Power ◽  
Autonomic Activity ◽  
Endothelial Cell Activation ◽  
Black And White

AbstractAn increasing prevalence of obesity-related hypertension is observed in the youth and may have severe consequences for future cardiovascular disease development. Previous studies portrayed leptin as a potential factor involved in obesity-related hypertension development. In order to understand leptin’s contributions to early cardiovascular deterioration, we investigated leptin and its associations with measures of autonomic activity, endothelial activation, and blood pressure in young healthy black and white men and women. We included 820 participants (aged 20–30 years) and determined serum leptin and endothelial cellular adhesion molecules. We measured 24-h blood pressure, heart rate, and heart rate variability components. In multivariate-adjusted regression analyses, we found consistent associations between markers of autonomic activity (such as 24-h heart rate, day and night-time heart rate as well as heart rate variability total power) and leptin in both white (all p≤0.001) and black men (all p≤0.040). These findings were absent or less prominent in women, despite their almost 10-fold higher leptin levels than men. Only in white men, 24-h diastolic blood pressure was associated with leptin (Std β=0.37; p=0.006). This association was found to be partly mediated by autonomic activity (24-h heart rate variability total power). No independent associations were observed between leptin and markers of endothelial cell activation, irrespective of race or gender. Leptin’s independent association with autonomic neural activity in a young apparently healthy population suggests an early influence of leptin on autonomic function and future blood pressure elevation especially in men.

Heart rate variability responses to hypoxic and hypercapnic exposures in different mouse strains

2005 ◽  
Vol 99 (3) ◽  
pp. 807-813 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew J. Campen ◽  
Yugo Tagaito ◽  
Todd P. Jenkins ◽  
Alex Balbir ◽  
Christopher P. O’Donnell
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Inbred Mice ◽  
Strain Differences ◽  
Cardiovascular Responses ◽  
Mouse Strains ◽  
Cardiac Autonomic Nervous System ◽  
Arterial Blood

Heart rate variability (HRV) is a well-characterized, noninvasive means of assessing cardiac autonomic nervous system activity. This study examines the basic cardiac responses to hypoxic and hypercapnic challenges in seven strains of commonly used inbred mice (A/J, BALB/cJ, C3H/HeJ, C57BL/6J, CBA/J, DBA/2J, and FVB/J). Adult male mice, 8–12 wk of age, were chronically instrumented to a femoral artery catheter for the continuous measurement of systemic arterial blood pressure and heart rate. Mice were exposed to multiple 4-min periods of hypoxia (10% O2), hypercapnia (5% CO2), and combined hypoxia/hypercapnia (10% O2 + 5% CO2). HRV was derived from pulse intervals of the blood pressure tracings. Hypoxia induced increases in high-frequency HRV power and decreased low-frequency (LF) HRV power in most strains. Hypercapnia led to decreased high-frequency HRV power and increased LF HRV power in most strains. Strain differences were most notable in regard to the concomitant exposures of hypoxia and hypercapnia, with FVB/J mice mirroring their own response to hypercapnia alone, whereas CBA/J mice mirrored their own responses to hypoxia. As blood pressure is most likely the driving factor for heart rate changes via the baroreflex pathway, it is interesting that LF, considered to reflect cardiac sympathetic activity, was negatively correlated with heart rate, suggesting that LF changes are driven by baroreflex oscillation and not necessarily by absolute sympathetic or parasympathetic activity to the heart. These findings suggest that genetic background can influence the centrally mediated cardiovascular responses to basic hypoxic and hypercapnic challenges.

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