Leptin and its Relation to Autonomic Activity, Endothelial Cell Activation and Blood Pressure in a Young Black and White Population: The African-PREDICT study

2017 ◽  
Vol 50 (03) ◽  
pp. 257-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Blessing Ahiante ◽  
Wayne Smith ◽  
Leandi Lammertyn ◽  
Aletta Schutte
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Endothelial Cell ◽  
Cell Activation ◽  
White Men ◽  
Total Power ◽  
Autonomic Activity ◽  
Endothelial Cell Activation ◽  
Black And White

AbstractAn increasing prevalence of obesity-related hypertension is observed in the youth and may have severe consequences for future cardiovascular disease development. Previous studies portrayed leptin as a potential factor involved in obesity-related hypertension development. In order to understand leptin’s contributions to early cardiovascular deterioration, we investigated leptin and its associations with measures of autonomic activity, endothelial activation, and blood pressure in young healthy black and white men and women. We included 820 participants (aged 20–30 years) and determined serum leptin and endothelial cellular adhesion molecules. We measured 24-h blood pressure, heart rate, and heart rate variability components. In multivariate-adjusted regression analyses, we found consistent associations between markers of autonomic activity (such as 24-h heart rate, day and night-time heart rate as well as heart rate variability total power) and leptin in both white (all p≤0.001) and black men (all p≤0.040). These findings were absent or less prominent in women, despite their almost 10-fold higher leptin levels than men. Only in white men, 24-h diastolic blood pressure was associated with leptin (Std β=0.37; p=0.006). This association was found to be partly mediated by autonomic activity (24-h heart rate variability total power). No independent associations were observed between leptin and markers of endothelial cell activation, irrespective of race or gender. Leptin’s independent association with autonomic neural activity in a young apparently healthy population suggests an early influence of leptin on autonomic function and future blood pressure elevation especially in men.

scholarly journals Association between Heart Rate Variability, Blood Pressure and Autonomic Activity in Cyclic Alternating Pattern during Sleep

SLEEP ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 187-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hideaki Kondo ◽  
Motohiro Ozone ◽  
Noboru Ohki ◽  
Yohei Sagawa ◽  
Keiichirou Yamamichi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Autonomic Activity ◽  
Cyclic Alternating Pattern

scholarly journals The influence of low-intensity resistance training combined with neuromuscular electrical stimulation on autonomic activity in healthy adults: A randomized controlled cross-over trial

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Toshiki Kutsuna ◽  
Hitoshi Sugawara ◽  
Hideaki Kurita ◽  
Satomi Kusaka ◽  
Tetsuya Takahashi
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Cardiovascular Responses ◽  
Healthy Adults ◽  
Autonomic Activity ◽  
Low Intensity ◽  
Randomized Controlled

Background: Low-intensity resistance training (RT) combined with neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) is one method of exercise to improve the deterioration of physical function. However, it is unclear whether low-intensity RT combined with NMES (RT + NMES) can be safely implemented. Objective: This study aimed to examine the influence of low-intensity RT + NMES on autonomic activity and cardiovascular responses in healthy adults. Methods: This study was an open-label, randomized controlled cross-over trial. The exercise intensity of isometric knee extension RT was set to 40% of the maximum voluntary contraction (peak torque). NMES was adjusted to a biphasic asymmetrical waveform with the frequency maintained at 50 Hz and a phase duration of 300 [Formula: see text]s. The difference in the change in autonomic activity and cardiovascular responses was compared by assessing heart rate variability, blood pressure, and heart rate during RT and [Formula: see text]. Results: Twenty healthy male college students (mean age [Formula: see text] years) participated in this study. The ratio of low- and high-frequency components of heart rate variability, systolic blood pressure, and heart rate increased during exercise in the RT and [Formula: see text] sessions ([Formula: see text]). There were no significant differences in autonomic activity and cardiovascular responses throughout the sessions during RT and [Formula: see text]. Conclusion: In conclusion, our results demonstrated that low-intensity [Formula: see text] was safe and did not induce excessive autonomic and cardiovascular responses in healthy adults.

Autonomic Nervous System Response to Epidural Analgesia in Laboring Patients by Wavelet Transform of Heart Rate and Blood Pressure Variability

2004 ◽  
Vol 101 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alain Deschamps ◽  
Ian Kaufman ◽  
Steven B. Backman ◽  
Gilles Plourde
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Wavelet Transform ◽  
Autonomic Nervous System ◽  
Blood Pressure Variability ◽  
Autonomic Activity ◽  
Neuraxial Blockade ◽  
Frequency Power

Background Epidurals are effective in relieving labor pain but result in a sympathectomy that may compromise maternal hemodynamic stability and fetal perfusion. Decreases in blood pressure and heart rate can be corrected, but markers of autonomic activity would be useful to predict and prevent such changes. The goal of this study was to find markers describing the changes in autonomic nervous system activity with epidural anesthesia in laboring patients. Methods The authors analyzed heart rate variability and blood pressure variability in 13 laboring patients using wavelet transform, a time-frequency analysis that accommodates rapid changes in autonomic activity. Heart rate and blood pressure variability were obtained 5 min before and 10 min after injection of 20 ml bupivacaine, 0.125%, and 50 microg fentanyl in the epidural space. Results Blood pressure and heart rate were not affected by epidural analgesia. However, high-frequency power of heart rate variability increased after epidural (increase in parasympathetic drive). The ratio of low-frequency:high-frequency power of heart rate variability decreased. High- and low-frequency power of blood pressure variability decreased (decrease in sympathetic outflow). Conclusions Indices of parasympathetic and sympathetic activity after neuraxial blockade in laboring patients can be obtained by analysis of both heart rate variability and blood pressure variability. The analysis by wavelet transform can discern changes in autonomic activity when values of blood pressure and heart rate do not vary significantly. Whether this technique could be used to predict and prevent hemodynamic compromise after neuraxial blockade merits further studies.

scholarly journals Risk of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Individuals with Autonomic Imbalance Measured by Heart Rate Variability

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 41-48
Author(s):  
Hyewon Chung ◽  
Yoon Hwan Oh ◽  
Ji Hyun Moon ◽  
Hyeon Ju Kim ◽  
Mi Hee Kong
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
High Risk ◽  
High Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Abdominal Obesity ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Autonomic Activity

Background: Studies have reported that reduced autonomic nervous system activity could result in a suboptimal health condition and various diseases, further increasing the mortality rate. The present study aimed to determine the difference in risk factors for metabolic and cardiovascular diseases in patients with reduced or unstable autonomic activity according to heart rate variability test results.Methods: We recorded blood pressure, physical measurements (body mass index and waist circumference), fasting blood glucose, and blood lipid status. Indicators representative of autonomic nerve functionality (total power [TP], standard deviation of the normal-to-normal intervals [SDNN], low-frequency band [LF], high-frequency band [HF]) were measured using a 5-minute heart rate variability test. Each indicator was divided into quartiles.Results: In men, the risk of abdominal obesity was high in the group with a low TP. In the group with a low SDNN, TP, and LF, the risk of a blood pressure increase was high. When LH and HF were low, there was a high risk of increased fasting blood sugar, whereas when LH was low, there was a high risk of hypertriglyceridemia. Women with SDNN loss had higher odds ratios for abdominal obesity and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterolemia.Conclusions: These results indicate a higher risk of having risk factors for metabolic and cardiovascular diseases, such as abdominal obesity, elevated blood pressure, hyperglycemia, hypertriglyceridemia, and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterolemia in a group with reduced autonomic activity measured by heart rate variability. Women with a low SDNN had a 4.51-fold higher risk of abdominal obesity than women with a high SDNN, showing the greatest value of the heart rate variability indices.

scholarly journals Testing the vagal withdrawal hypothesis during light exercise under autonomic blockade: a heart rate variability study

2018 ◽  
Vol 125 (6) ◽  
pp. 1804-1811 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothée Fontolliet ◽  
Vincent Pichot ◽  
Aurélien Bringard ◽  
Nazzareno Fagoni ◽  
Alessandra Adami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Baroreflex Sensitivity ◽  
Total Power ◽  
Vagal Activity ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Exercise Onset ◽  
Autonomic Blockade ◽  
Vagal Withdrawal

We performed the first analysis of heart rate variability (HRV) at rest and during exercise under full autonomic blockade on the same subjects, to test the conjecture that vagal tone withdrawal occurs at exercise onset. We hypothesized that between rest and exercise there would be 1) no differences in total power (PTOT) under parasympathetic blockade, 2) a PTOT fall under β1-sympathetic blockade, and 3) no differences in PTOT under blockade of both autonomic nervous system branches. Seven men [24 (3) yr, mean (SD)] performed 5-min cycling (80 W) supine, preceded by 5-min rest during control and with administration of atropine, metoprolol, and atropine + metoprolol (double blockade). Heart rate and arterial blood pressure were continuously recorded. HRV and blood pressure variability were determined by power spectral analysis, and baroreflex sensitivity was determined by the sequence method. At rest, PTOT and the powers of low- and high-frequency components of HRV (LF and HF, respectively) were dramatically decreased with atropine and double blockade compared with control and metoprolol, with no effects on LF-to-HF ratio and on the normalized LF (LFnu) and HF (HFnu). During exercise, patterns were the same as at rest. Comparing exercise with rest, PTOT varied as hypothesized. For systolic and diastolic blood pressure, resting PTOT was the same in all conditions. During exercise, in all conditions, PTOT was lower than in control. Baroreflex sensitivity decreased under atropine and double blockade at rest and under control and metoprolol during exercise. The results support the hypothesis that vagal suppression determined disappearance of HRV during exercise. NEW & NOTEWORTHY This study provides the first demonstration, by systematic analysis of heart rate variability at rest and during exercise under full autonomic blockade on the same subjects, that suppression of vagal activity is responsible for the disappearance of spontaneous heart rate variability during exercise. This finding supports previous hypotheses on the role of vagal withdrawal in the control of the rapid cardiovascular response at exercise onset.

scholarly journals THE SUCCESS OF HEART RATE VARIABILITY BIOFEEDBACK PARAMETERS IN PERSONS WITH DIFFERENT LEVELS OF BLOOD PRESSURE

2013 ◽  
Vol 68 (7) ◽  
pp. 20-23
Author(s):  
L. V. Poskotinova ◽  
D. B. Demin ◽  
E. V. Krivonogova ◽  
M. N. Dieva ◽  
N. M. Khasanova
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Antihypertensive Drugs ◽  
Heart Rhythm ◽  
Total Power ◽  
Heart Rate Variability Biofeedback ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii

Objective. The aim was to determine the nature of cardiovascular reactions during a single session of heart rate variability (HRV) biofeedback in order to increase vagal effects on heart rhythm in patients with different initial levels of blood pressure (BP). Participants and methods. 33 people with normal blood pressure (group I), 20 people with uncorrected arterial hypertension (AH) grade 1-2 (group II) and 22 people with AH grade 1-2 taking antihypertensive drugs (group III) were observed. The parameters of heart rate variability (HRV), BP and pulse oximetry in the initial stage, during a single HRV biofeedback session and after this session in order to increase the total power of the HRV spectrum (each stage was 5 min). Results. In patients of group II low success of HRV biofeedback session, a high sympathetic reactivity and reduced oxygen blood saturation were determined. A reactivity of vagal mechanism is more pronounced in persons of group III than in those of group II. It is reflected in a significant increase in their total power of the HRV spectrum compared to the initial values and in uptrend saturation levels during the biofeedback session. Conclusions. The ability to HRV biofeedback in order to increase the total power of the HRV spectrum for standard short recording (5 min) can be seen as a test to determine the safety reserves of vagal autonomic cardiovascular regulation in persons with increased blood pressure. 

scholarly journals AUTONOMIC NERVOUS REGULATION OF HEART RATE AND BIOELECTRIC BRAIN ACTIVITY AT THE HEART RATE VARIABILITY BIOFEEDBACK IN HUMANS DEPENDING FROM THE INITIAL SERUM TNF-α LEVEL

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1S) ◽  
pp. 36-37
Author(s):  
L V Poskotinova ◽  
D B Demin ◽  
E V Krivonogova ◽  
O A Stavinskaya ◽  
S N Balashova
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Spectral Power ◽  
High Serum ◽  
Stress Index ◽  
Total Power ◽  
Heart Rate Variability Biofeedback ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Α Level

The aim of this study was to determine the amplitude-frequency characteristics of the electroencephalogram (EEG) and heart rate variability (HRV) in humans, depending on the initial serum TNF-α level at a single session of heart rate variability biofeedback (HRV BF) due to increase the total power of the HRV spectrum. Among hypertensive individuals (blood pressure 140-160/80-100 mm Hg) subgroups with an optimal serum TNF-α level (below than 75 quartile - 84,4 pg/ml) and with a high serum TNF-α level (more than 84,4 pg/ml) were selected. In individuals with an optimal serum level of TNF-α, an increase in the total HRV spectral power, a decrease in the stress index, systolic blood pressure and a decrease in the EEG power in the theta range in the frontal brain regions after HRV BF session were identified. In individuals with a high serum TNF-α level the effectiveness of HRV BF was minimal against the background of continuing sympathicotonia and high theta EEG-activity.

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