ENTREPRENEURIAL DIMENSIONS IN TRANSITIONAL ECONOMIES: A REVIEW OF RELEVANT LITERATURE AND THE CASE OF KYRGYZSTAN

2008 ◽  
Vol 13 (02) ◽  
pp. 185-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
SERKAN YALCIN ◽  
HUSNU KAPU
Keyword(s):  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Transitional Economies ◽  
New Venture ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Labor Turnover ◽  
Business Environments ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
Red Tape ◽  
Entrepreneurial Motivations

The process of starting and surviving a new venture is always a challenge, and this is aggravated by unfavorable conditions especially prevalent in less affluent, developing, and transitional economies. This study reviews and integrates the literature on different entrepreneurial dimensions in transitional economies and provides a case analysis, Kyrgyzstan. The review of the entrepreneurial motivations dimension indicated four major motives behind starting a new venture, and an examination of the entrepreneurial problems dimension underlined common problems prevalent in different transitional economies. Findings of the Kyrgyz case indicated that the entrepreneurial motives of local entrepreneurs are of the extrinsic type and related to push factors; difficulty with finding capital, existence of red tape, and high labor turnover rate are major entrepreneurial problems. There are favorable entrepreneurial opportunities in general, but exploitation of these is contingent on appropriate support. Based on the literature review and synthesis as well as the case study, transitional economies need more competitive, liberal, and transparent business environments to be supported by more developed financial systems and a more efficient labor force. Further, two future research areas on transitional economies are suggested and an update on Kyrgyzstan is included.

scholarly journals Instructors’ ideas on the use of code-switching in EFL in Turkey: A case study

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-17
Author(s):  
Engin Evrim Onem
Keyword(s):  
Rank Order ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Code Switching ◽  
State Universities ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Efl Teachers ◽  
Language Classrooms ◽  
Foreign Language Instructors ◽  
Teaching Ideas

Abstract   Code switching is a very common phenomenon in EFL language classrooms. The goal of this case study is to find out the possible reasons why EFL instructors employ code switching in ELT classes in Turkey. To achieve this, a brief questionnaire composed of the most common seven reasons mentioned in the relevant literature on code switching in language classrooms was compiled by the researcher and administered to ten EFL teachers working at different state universities in Turkey. The participants were asked to rank order the reasons from the most ideal to the least ideal purpose of employing code switching in classrooms for themselves and were later asked to write the reasons for their choices. It was found that “leaving no confusion about the topic” was the most common reason for the participants and the teachers who prioritized that reason seemed to have similar ideas about employing code switching in EFL. Discussion of the results and implications for future research are presented. Keywords: Code switching, language teaching, ideas about code switching, foreign language instructors.    

Leading for Team Adaptation in Global Virtual Teams

2017 ◽  
pp. 941-952
Author(s):  
Petros Chamakiotis ◽  
Zakia Khan
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Teams ◽  
Financial Services ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Global Virtual Teams ◽  
Significant Evidence ◽  
Exploratory Case Study ◽  
Team Adaptation ◽  
Global Organization

There exists significant evidence in the relevant literature that global virtual teams (GVTs) have become ubiquitous in most sectors and have attracted both scholarly and practitioner interest. Despite this—and the fluid and dynamic character of GVTs—there exist gaps as to what team adaptation looks like in the GVT context and how leadership can be exercised to support it. The chapter presents an exploratory case study with members of GVTs in a global organization in the financial services industry. Drawing on interviews with selected participants, the chapter makes the following contributions: 1) It shows what GVT adaptation looks like, highlighting its heterogeneous character; 2) It identifies challenges GVT members face when trying to adapt; and 3) It explains how leadership can be exercised to support GVT adaptation. Recommendations for practitioners and educators are provided, and implications for future research discussed.

scholarly journals Port City Sustainability: A Review of Its Research Trends

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (20) ◽  
pp. 8355
Author(s):  
Ying Zheng ◽  
Jingzhu Zhao ◽  
Guofan Shao
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Past Research ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Port City ◽  
Port Cities ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
Research Fields ◽  
Sustainability Research ◽  
Future Research Directions

In recent years, with the development of society, the awareness of environmental protection for people has been increasing. While ports promote the economic development and employment levels of port cities, they also have a negative impact on the environment of port cities. The sustainability of port cities is increasingly valued. Port cities face huge challenges, and their sustainability needs to be better understood. The purpose of this article is to review research on the sustainability of port cities. We used content analysis to classify and analyze the existing relevant literature, to learn about the hotspots and deficiencies of past research, and to propose future research directions. We found that port sustainability has become an increasingly important research topic during the past ten years. From the perspective of geographic research areas, European port cities are the hot spots for sustainability research. Regarding research fields, technologies, methods and measures to promote the sustainability of port cities are popular research topics. In terms of research methods, qualitative research plays an important role in the study of port city sustainability. Finally, guidance for future research on port city sustainability is proposed according to the review results.

Evaluating IT-Enabled Transformation in Public Services

2009 ◽  
pp. 379-394
Author(s):  
Sevgi Ozkan ◽  
Murat Cakir
Keyword(s):  
Information Systems ◽  
Evaluation Methodology ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Management Support ◽  
Government Organization ◽  
Top Management Support ◽  
Relative Term ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
Organizational Features

While the paradigm for organizations evolves into an information perspective and information systems’ (IS) role shifts from efficiency to effectiveness, among the top issues of IS management is measuring and improving IS effectiveness. This chapter offers an IS effectiveness evaluation methodology applied on a government organization in Turkey. IS maturity is taken as a reference for determining independent variables of the research. The chapter supports that “IS effectiveness” is a relative term conceptualized by organizational features. The case study suggests future research areas. A number of findings and propositions have been presented, including the alignment of technology and business process, integrating stakeholders’ trust and commitment, the significance of top management support, top-down vs. bottom-up approaches, which can enhance the adoption and institutionalization of information systems implementations within a government organization.

scholarly journals POINT CLOUD APPLICATIONS FOR DISASTER REMEDIATION: A CASE STUDY

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Glenda Mayo
Keyword(s):  
Disaster Mitigation ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Process Data ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
Industry Applications ◽  
Time Savings ◽  
New Applications ◽  
Cloud Applications ◽  
Post Disaster

ABSTRACT Photorealistic, LiDAR-based 3D imaging provides accurate and precise documentation of existing conditions and measurable geometry. The quality and accuracy of the data generated by LiDAR cannot be economically recreated using more traditional measurement and CAD techniques. While earlier forms of this technology have been used for many years, recent innovations have provided opportunities for numerous new uses that will soon change the way many professionals obtain, analyze and process data. The use of 3D scanning equipment for new applications is gaining momentum and one such application, its use for disaster mitigation, was explored in a case study. The study reviews scanning industry applications and improvements for precision and also includes a case study in the application of a historic church post disaster, which was documented with the beneficial applications (such as safety and time savings) as well as what the authors believed to be future research areas for similar projects.

scholarly journals Microplastics as contaminants in marine environment

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Patric Paul ◽  
Aravind K Mohan ◽  
Geethika Dev ◽  
Sunil Kumar P G
Keyword(s):  
Marine Environment ◽  
Temporal Trends ◽  
Marine Organisms ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Chemical Additives ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
Ocean Gyres ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Trends

ABSTRACT Since the mass production of plastics began in the 1940s, microplastic contamination of the marine environment has been a growing problem. Here, a review of the literature has been conducted with the following objectives: To summarise what are microplastics; To discuss the routes by which microplastics enter the marine environment; To assess spatial and temporal trends of microplastic abundance; to discuss the environmental impact of microplastics; and remedial measures; Microplastics are both abundant and widespread within the marine environment, found in their highest concentrations along coastlines and within mid-ocean gyres. Ingestion of microplastics has been demonstrated in a range of marine organisms, a process which may facilitate the transfer of chemical additives or hydrophobic waterborne pollutants to biota. A case study has also been done about the ingestion of microplastics by zooplankton groups in Kenya’s marine environment. We conclude by highlighting key future research areas for scientists and policymakers. Keywords—Micro plastics; marine organisms; marine environment

scholarly journals Robust modeling of additive and nonadditive variation with intuitive inclusion of expert knowledge

Genetics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ingeborg Gullikstad Hem ◽  
Maria Lie Selle ◽  
Gregor Gorjanc ◽  
Geir-Arne Fuglstad ◽  
Andrea Riebler
Keyword(s):  
Expert Knowledge ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Central Component ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
Model Parameterization ◽  
Parent Selection ◽  
Variety Selection ◽  
Sources Of Variation ◽  
Likelihood Approach

Abstract We propose a novel Bayesian approach that robustifies genomic modeling by leveraging expert knowledge (EK) through prior distributions. The central component is the hierarchical decomposition of phenotypic variation into additive and nonadditive genetic variation, which leads to an intuitive model parameterization that can be visualized as a tree. The edges of the tree represent ratios of variances, for example broad-sense heritability, which are quantities for which EK is natural to exist. Penalized complexity priors are defined for all edges of the tree in a bottom-up procedure that respects the model structure and incorporates EK through all levels. We investigate models with different sources of variation and compare the performance of different priors implementing varying amounts of EK in the context of plant breeding. A simulation study shows that the proposed priors implementing EK improve the robustness of genomic modeling and the selection of the genetically best individuals in a breeding program. We observe this improvement in both variety selection on genetic values and parent selection on additive values; the variety selection benefited the most. In a real case study, EK increases phenotype prediction accuracy for cases in which the standard maximum likelihood approach did not find optimal estimates for the variance components. Finally, we discuss the importance of EK priors for genomic modeling and breeding, and point to future research areas of easy-to-use and parsimonious priors in genomic modeling.

scholarly journals Graduate Transitions

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 264-289
Author(s):  
Jordan Stouck ◽  
Lori Walter
Keyword(s):  
Graduate Students ◽  
Academic Writing ◽  
Academic Literacy ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Focus Group Interviews ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
Institutional Expectations ◽  
Group Interviews ◽  
Perceived Experiences

This exploratory study researches the experiences of Canadian graduate students as they pursue writing tasks for their degree. It also explores the supports currently utilized by such students and the need for additional supports. The research uses a case study design based on qualitative focus group interviews to provide detailed information regarding graduate students' perceived experiences with their academic writing tasks and available supports. The approach is informed by academic literacy theory. Graduate students who participated in this study identified a transition in voice, increased pressure to publish and professionalize, and misalignments between their own and supervisory and institutional expectations, which resulted in some interrogation of institutional norms. They utilized Writing Centre, online and supervisory supports, but called for additional ongoing and peer support. The study has implications for the development of new, collaborative and peer-based writing supports, as well as identifying future research areas related to interdisciplinary degrees.

Learning Beyond the Brick and Mortar: Prospects, Challenges, and Bibliometric Review of E-learning Innovation

2021 ◽  
pp. 227868212110001
Author(s):  
Lamin B. Ceesay
Keyword(s):  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Future Research ◽  
It Services ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Brick And Mortar ◽  
Bibliometric Review ◽  
E Learning ◽  
Adoption And Diffusion ◽  
And Diffusion

The increasing proliferation of IT services in all sectors has reinforced the adoption and diffusion across all levels of education and training institutions. However, lack of awareness, knowledge about the key challenges, and opportunities of e-learning seem to allude policymakers, resulting in low adoption or increased failure rate of many e-learning projects. Our study tries to address this problem through a review of relevant literature in e-learning. Our goal was to draw from the existing literature, insights into the opportunities and challenges of e-learning diffusion, and the current state-of-research in the field. To do this, we employed a systematic review of literature on some of the salient opportunities and challenges of e-learning innovation for educational institutions. These results aimed to inform policymakers and suggest some interesting issues to advance the research and adoption and diffusion of e-learning. Moreover, the bibliometric analysis shows that the field is experiencing high research attraction among scholars. However, several research areas in the field witnessed relatively low research paucity. Based on these findings, we discussed topics for possible future research.

scholarly journals The impact of recruitment policies and induction programmes on employee retention : a case study of the Durban Central Fire department in KwaZulu-Natal

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Patience Mutsvairigwa
Keyword(s):  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Employee Retention ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Fire Department ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Positive Work Relationships ◽  
The Impact

The main aim of the study was to investigate the impact of recruitment policies and induction programmes on employee retention. The Durban Central Fire Station was used as a case study for this investigation. Relevant literature from periodicals, journals, textbooks, theses and dissertations was reviewed. A quantitative research design was adopted for this study through the administration of a pre-coded structured closed-ended questionnaire to the 126 employees at the Durban Central Fire Department. Only 110 of the 126 administered questionnaires were returned. However, of the returned questionnaires, 5 were discarded due to incomplete responses and the final questionnaire returns numbered 105, which resulted in an 83.3% response rate. The data collected from respondents were analysed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 24.0 in order to conduct non-parametric tests for testing the generated hypotheses. In total, 13 hypotheses were formulated for this study’s empirical analysis. Furthermore, the Pearson’s Chi-square and Spearman correlation tests were carried out on the formulated hypotheses to ascertain whether a statistically significant relationship existed between the variables. The study’s notable findings showed that a positive relationship existed between recruitment policies and employee retention, hence recruitment policies do have an impact on employee retention. The findings also showed that a moderately significant relationship existed between induction programmes and employee retention at the Durban Central Fire Department. Based on the findings, the researcher then recommended that the Durban Central Fire department should clarify expectations to its employees, encourage socialisation and positive work relationships, increase the duration of the induction programme and conduct exit interviews. The researcher concluded the study with suggestions for future research.

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