PHENOMENOLOGICAL MODELING FOR PORE OPENING, CLOSURE AND RUPTURE OF THE GUV MEMBRANE

2009 ◽  
Vol 01 (02) ◽  
pp. 327-338 ◽  
Author(s):  
HUI FAN ◽  
YAN CHEN ◽  
K. Y. SZE
Keyword(s):  
Critical Value ◽  
Thermodynamic Theory ◽  
Rate Theory ◽  
Equilibrium Thermodynamic ◽  
Giant Unilamellar Vesicle ◽  
Phenomenological Modeling ◽  
Pore Opening ◽  
Griffith Theory ◽  
Quasi Static Process ◽  
Dynamics Process

In this paper, the pore opening and closure on the giant unilamellar vesicle GUV membrane are studied under different theoretical schemes. The opening process is considered as a dynamics process; while the closure process is considered as a quasi-static process. The opening criterion is set based on an energy release rate theory, similar to the Griffith theory for crack initiation. On the other hand, the closure process is described by a non-equilibrium thermodynamic theory. When the size of initial pore is smaller than a critical value, the pore is stable, and followed by the closure process. Otherwise, the pore is unstable, which leads to the rupture of the vesicle.

scholarly journals Non-Equilibrium Thermodynamic Theory of 4-Component Lead-Free Solder

2009 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 236-244
Author(s):  
Kenichiro Suetsugu ◽  
Atsushi Yamaguchi ◽  
Kazumi Matsushige ◽  
Toshihisa Horiuchi
Keyword(s):  
Thermodynamic Theory ◽  
Lead Free ◽  
Lead Free Solder ◽  
Equilibrium Thermodynamic ◽  
Free Solder ◽  
Non Equilibrium

Hydrolysis-induced large swelling of polyacrylamide hydrogels

Soft Matter ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (24) ◽  
pp. 5740-5749
Author(s):  
Yu Zhou ◽  
Lihua Jin
Keyword(s):  
Thermodynamic Theory ◽  
Equilibrium Thermodynamic ◽  
Polyacrylamide Hydrogels ◽  
Non Equilibrium

A non-equilibrium thermodynamic theory is developed to predict hydrolysis-induced large swelling of polyacrylamide hydrogels.

Non-equilibrium Thermodynamic Theory of Ferroelectric Phase Transitions

2015 ◽  
Vol 481 (1) ◽  
pp. 166-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shu-Tao Ai ◽  
Hui-Ping Bo ◽  
Shao-Yin Zhang ◽  
Yuan-Zhen Cai
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transitions ◽  
Ferroelectric Phase ◽  
Thermodynamic Theory ◽  
Equilibrium Thermodynamic ◽  
Ferroelectric Phase Transitions ◽  
Non Equilibrium

scholarly journals Modeling the Hydro-Mechanical Coupling Behavior of Unsaturated Geotechnical Materials Based on Non-Equilibrium Thermodynamic Theory

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (16) ◽  
pp. 5668
Author(s):  
Guangchang Yang ◽  
Yang Liu ◽  
Peipei Chen
Keyword(s):  
Yield Criterion ◽  
Constitutive Relations ◽  
Thermodynamic Theory ◽  
Granular Temperature ◽  
Equilibrium Thermodynamic ◽  
Energy Functions ◽  
Mechanical Coupling ◽  
Coupling Behavior ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Non Equilibrium

A new hydro-mechanical model for unsaturated geotechnical materials based on the non-equilibrium thermodynamic theory is presented in this paper. Common concepts, such as yield criterion and flow rules, are not involved in the constitutive relationships, and are replaced with the thermodynamic concepts of granular temperature, granular entropy, migration coefficients, and energy functions. The dissipation system and the migration coefficient relationships are theoretically determined, and the constitutive relations of non-elastic deformation and granular temperature are obtained by dissipation relations and thermodynamic identity. Thus, the relationship between dissipation mechanism and macro mechanical behavior can be established by migration coefficients and energy functions. The model can reflect the complex hydro-mechanical coupling behavior of unsaturated geotechnical materials subjected to various mechanical paths. The validity of the model is verified by comparing the modeling results with experimental data, and reasonable agreement is achieved.

Thermodynamic Analysis of TEG-TEC Device Including Influence of Thomson Effect

2018 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuanli Feng ◽  
Lingen Chen ◽  
Fankai Meng ◽  
Fengrui Sun
Keyword(s):  
Thermoelectric Generator ◽  
Cooling Capacity ◽  
Thermodynamic Theory ◽  
Optimal Performance ◽  
Coefficient Of Performance ◽  
Junction Temperature ◽  
Thermoelectric Cooler ◽  
Thomson Effect ◽  
Equilibrium Thermodynamic ◽  
Cold Junction

AbstractA thermodynamic model of a thermoelectric cooler driven by thermoelectric generator (TEG-TEC) device is established considering Thomson effect. The performance is analyzed and optimized using numerical calculation based on non-equilibrium thermodynamic theory. The influence characteristics of Thomson effect on the optimal performance and variable selection are investigated by comparing the condition with and without Thomson effect. The results show that Thomson effect degrades the performance of TEG-TEC device, it decreases the cooling capacity by 27 %, decreases the coefficient of performance (COP) by 19 %, decreases the maximum cooling temperature difference by 11 % when the ratio of thermoelectric elements number is 0.6, the cold junction temperature of thermoelectric cooler (TEC) is 285 K and the hot junction temperature of thermoelectric generator (TEG) is 450 K. Thomson effect degrades the optimal performance of TEG-TEC device, it decreases the maximum cooling capacity by 28 % and decreases the maximum COP by 28 % under the same junction temperatures. Thomson effect narrows the optimal variable range and optimal working range. In the design of the devices, limited-number thermoelectric elements should be more allocated appropriately to TEG when consider Thomson effect. The results may provide some guidelines for the design of TEG-TEC devices.

scholarly journals A New Model for Thermodynamic Characterization of Hemoglobin

Fluids ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Farsaci ◽  
Ester Tellone ◽  
Antonio Galtieri ◽  
Silvana Ficarra
Keyword(s):  
Dielectric Constant ◽  
Thermodynamic Theory ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Internal Variables ◽  
Polarization Current ◽  
Equilibrium Thermodynamic ◽  
Physical Point ◽  
Hemoglobin C ◽  
Non Equilibrium

In this paper, we formulate a thermodynamic model of hemoglobin that describes, by a physical point of view, phenomena favoring the binding of oxygen to the protein. Our study is based on theoretical methods extrapolated by experimental data. After some remarks on the non-equilibrium thermodynamic theory with internal variables, some thermodynamic functions are determined by the value of the complex dielectric constant. In previous papers, we determined the explicit expression of a dielectric constant as a function of a complex dielectric modulus and frequency. The knowledge of these functions allows a new characterization of the material and leads to the study of new phenomena that has yet to be studied. In detail, we introduce the concept of “hemoglobe”, a model that considers the hemoglobin molecule as a plane capacitor, the dielectric of which is almost entirely constituted by the quaternary structure of the protein. This model is suggested by considering a phenomenological coefficient of the non-equilibrium thermodynamic theory related to the displacement polarization current. The comparison of the capacity determined by the mean of this coefficient, and determined by geometrical considerations, gives similar results; although more thermodynamic information is derived by the capacity determined considering the aforementioned coefficient. This was applied to the normal human hemoglobin, homozygous sickle hemoglobin, and sickle cell hemoglobin C disease. Moreover, the energy of the capacitor of the three hemoglobin was determined. Through the identification of displacement currents, the introduction of this model presents new perspectives and helps to explain hemoglobin functionality through a physical point of view.

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