A mathematical model to achieve sustainable forest management

Author(s):  
A. K. Misra ◽  
Kusum Lata

Forest resources are important natural resources for all living beings but they are continuously depleting due to overgrowth of human population and their development activities. Therefore, conservation of forest resources is an important problem for sustainable development. In view of this, in this paper, we have proposed and analyzed a nonlinear mathematical model to study the effects of economic and technological efforts on the conservation of forest resources. In the modeling process, it is assumed that due to increase in population size, the demand of population (population pressure) for forest products, lands, etc., increases and to reduce this population pressure, economic efforts are employed proportional to the population pressure. Further, it is assumed that technological efforts in the form of genetically engineered plants are applied proportional to the depleted level of forest resources to conserve them. Model analysis reveals that increase in economic and technological efforts increases the density of forest resources but further increase in these efforts destabilizes the system. Numerical simulation is carried out to verify analytical findings and explore the effect of different parameters on the dynamics of model system.

Author(s):  
A. K. MISRA ◽  
KUSUM LATA ◽  
J. B. SHUKLA

In this paper, a nonlinear mathematical model is proposed and analyzed to study the depletion of forestry resources caused simultaneously by population and population pressure augmented industrialization. The control of population pressure, using economic efforts is also considered in the modeling process. It is assumed that cumulative biomass density of forestry resources and the density of population follow logistic models. It is further assumed that the density of population and the level of industrialization increase as the cumulative biomass density of forestry resources increases. The cumulative density of economic efforts, which are applied to control the population pressure, is considered to be proportional to the population pressure. The model analysis shows that as the population pressure increases, the level of industrialization increases leading to decrease in the cumulative biomass density of forestry resources. It is found that if population pressure is controlled by using some economic efforts, the decrease in cumulative biomass density of forestry resources can be made much less than the case when no control is applied. It is also noted that if the population pressure augmented industrialization increases without control, the forestry resources may become extinct.


1996 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
pp. 247-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tony Rotherham

Increasing demand for forest products and other forest benefits, coupled with widespread public concern about the management of diminishing forest resources are leading governments to move in the direction of a convention on forests, and the private sector to consider the benefits of sustainable forest management certification. Canada is developing a national standard based on ISO 14001 EMS. Several countries support the development of an internationally applicable standard through ISO.


Author(s):  
Jose Mbenga Ibesoa

This article attempted to define a compromise making it possible the satisfaction of the material needs of the populations living within the National park of Salonga while ensuring the conservation of long-term forest resources. The management of the forests requires deepened knowledge of the resources and the participation of the local communities, which are the better, informed on of the forest resources. The implementing of a policy on sustainable forest management would be possible by a better integration and participation of the local populations. A survey was carried out in four villages of the National park of Salonga. The results of the investigation show clearly a positive attitude of the rural populations with regard to the forest resources. The diversity of the needs for the population corresponds to the choice of the products and services of the forest. Overall, the potential of the park’s forests is superior in comparison with the needs of the population. The exploitation of the forest products is vast and is included in the category of a system of an economy of collection.


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Andhika A. Pratama ◽  
Riska Nur Zikkah ◽  
Nursanti Anggriani ◽  
Asep K. Supriatna

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (02) ◽  
pp. 207-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
KUMARI JYOTSNA ◽  
ABHINAV TANDON

In this paper, we develop a nonlinear mathematical model that investigates the impact of mining activities and pollution on forest resources and wildlife population. It is assumed that concentration of pollutants grows in the environment at a constant rate and also augments due to different mining activities prevailing in the forest area. The model is formulated in terms of differential equations and analyzed using elements of stability theory and numerical simulation. The obtained results depict that both forest resources as well as wildlife population get very much affected, either directly or indirectly, due to mining activities and environmental pollution. It is being concluded that, in order to save forests, an ecological balance is required to be maintained among forest resources, forest-dependent wildlife population, mining activities and environmental pollution.


2002 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malcolm A Wilson

The Alberta Research Council (ARC) delivers public good research and development (R&D), contract services and technology commercialization to the forest sector. Alberta's forest sector has identified three major research and technology thrusts: sustainable forest management, adding value to the forest resources, and enabling technologies for improved management, resource processing and environmental protection. Issues such as fibre supply and utilization, energy conservation, certification and technology transfer are priorities. ARC's Forest Technologies Division addresses these priorities by providing public and private sector customers with applied research and technology services via its three business units: Forest Resources, Forest Products, and Pulp and Paper. Key words: Alberta Research Council, public good applied research and development, contract services, technology commercialization, sustainable forest management, agrifibres, pulp and paper, forest products, engineered wood composites


Author(s):  
С.Е. Грибов ◽  
А.В. Грязькин ◽  
С.А. Корчагов

В современных условиях устойчивого управления лесами лесной сектор должен развиваться на принципах многоцелевого пользования лесными ресурсами, о чем свидетельствуют и общемировые тенденции. Анализ специальной литературы позволяет говорить о том, что Вологодская область обладает значительным потенциалом для заготовки и переработки недревесных ресурсов леса. Областным департаментом лесного комплекса на 1 октября 2015 г. заключено 915 договоров аренды лесных участков на общую площадь 6348 тыс. га, из них в целях заготовки и сбора недревесных лесных ресурсов заключен лишь один договор аренды на площадь 2,5 тыс. га. Этим договором предусматривается заготовка новогодних елей. Сложившаяся ситуация является результатом действия нескольких факторов, главный из которых - отсутствие соответствующей структуры для заготовки и переработки основных видов недревесных ресурсов леса. Использованы материалы лесоустройства различной давности, отчетная документация предприятий лесного комплекса, начиная с 1970-х гг., и коммерческих структур, занимающихся закупкой и переработкой недревесной продукции леса. Урожайность и запасы основных видов ягодных растений заимствованы из Лесного плана Вологодской области и лесохозяйственных регламентов лесничеств. В недавнем прошлом на территории Вологодской области лесхозами заготавливались грибы, ягоды, лекарственное и техническое сырье в значительных количествах. В отдельные годы объем заготовки только лесных ягод достигал 1400 т. Сегодня, несмотря на значительные запасы лесных ягод, грибов, лекарственного сырья и иных видов ресурсов, промышленная заготовка не ведется, отсутствуют договоры аренды на их заготовку. Сбор некоторых видов недревесной продукции проводится, как правило, местным населением для собственного потребления или на продажу представителям частных фирм, осуществляющих свою деятельность за пределами области. Все это вызвано недостаточным вниманием со стороны государства к этому виду деятельности. Рациональное использование многообразной экологически чистой продукции лесного фонда позволяет решать вопросы продовольственной и экологической безопасности страны. In modern conditions of sustainable forest management, the forest sector must develop on the principles of multipurpose use of forest resources, as evidenced by global trends. Analysis of literature suggests that the Vologda oblast has significant potential for the harvesting and processing of non wood forest resources. The regional Department of forest complex on October 1, 2015 915 concluded lease contracts of forest plots in the total area is 6348 thousand hectares, from them, to harvesting and collection of non wood forest resources concluded only one agreement on a rental area of 2.5 thousand hectares. The contract covers the procurement of Christmas trees. This situation is the result of several factors, chief among which is the lack of framework for the preparation and processing of the main types of non wood forest resources. During the research there were used the materials of forest inventory at different stages. Accounting documentation of the enterprises of a forest complex, since the 70-ies of the last century and commercial structures, involved in the purchase and processing of non wood forest products. The productivity and reserves of the main types of berry plants were derived from the Forest plan of the Vologda region and the forestry regulations of forestry. In the recent past on the territory of the Vologda region forestry harvests mushrooms, berries, medicinal and technical raw materials fall in quantities. In some years the amount of harvesting only wild berries reached 1400 t currently, despite significant stocks of wild berries, mushrooms, medicinal raw materials and other resources, commercial harvesting is not conducted, there are no lease contracts for their harvest. Collect certain types of non wood forest products produced, usually by local population for own consumption or for sale to representatives of private firms, operating outside the area. All of this caused by lack of attention by the state to this activity. Rational use of diverse environmentally friendly products of the forest Fund allows you to address issues of food and environmental security of the country.


Author(s):  
MANJU AGARWAL ◽  
SAPNA DEVI

In this paper, a nonlinear mathematical model is proposed and analyzed to study the effects of population pressure augmented industrialization on the survival of competing species dependent on resource. It is assumed that the growths of competing species are logistic and carrying capacities increase with increase in the density of resource biomass. Further, it is assumed that the resource biomass too is growing logistically in the environment and its carrying capacity decreases with the increase in densities of competing species and industrialization. The growth rate of population pressure is assumed to be proportional to the densities of competing species. Stabilities of all equilibria and conditions which influence the permanence of the system are carried out using theory of differential equations. Numerical simulations are performed to accomplish our analytical findings. It is shown that the equilibrium density of resource biomass decreases as (i) the growth rate coefficient of population pressure increases (ii) the growth rate coefficient of industrialization due to population pressure increases and (iii) the growth rate coefficient of industrialization due to resource biomass increases. It is found that the competitive outcome alters with increase in the growth rate coefficient of population pressure. Decrease in the equilibrium densities of competing species is also noted with increase in the growth rate coefficient of industrialization due to resource biomass.


2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Matieu Henry ◽  
Zaheer Iqbal ◽  
Kristofer Johnson ◽  
Mariam Akhter ◽  
Liam Costello ◽  
...  

Abstract Background National forest inventory and forest monitoring systems are more important than ever considering continued global degradation of trees and forests. These systems are especially important in a country like Bangladesh, which is characterised by a large population density, climate change vulnerability and dependence on natural resources. With the aim of supporting the Government’s actions towards sustainable forest management through reliable information, the Bangladesh Forest Inventory (BFI) was designed and implemented through three components: biophysical inventory, socio-economic survey and remote sensing-based land cover mapping. This article documents the approach undertaken by the Forest Department under the Ministry of Environment, Forests and Climate Change to establish the BFI as a multipurpose, efficient, accurate and replicable national forest assessment. The design, operationalization and some key results of the process are presented. Methods The BFI takes advantage of the latest and most well-accepted technological and methodological approaches. Importantly, it was designed through a collaborative process which drew from the experience and knowledge of multiple national and international entities. Overall, 1781 field plots were visited, 6400 households were surveyed, and a national land cover map for the year 2015 was produced. Innovative technological enhancements include a semi-automated segmentation approach for developing the wall-to-wall land cover map, an object-based national land characterisation system, consistent estimates between sample-based and mapped land cover areas, use of mobile apps for tree species identification and data collection, and use of differential global positioning system for referencing plot centres. Results Seven criteria, and multiple associated indicators, were developed for monitoring progress towards sustainable forest management goals, informing management decisions, and national and international reporting needs. A wide range of biophysical and socioeconomic data were collected, and in some cases integrated, for estimating the indicators. Conclusions The BFI is a new information source tool for helping guide Bangladesh towards a sustainable future. Reliable information on the status of tree and forest resources, as well as land use, empowers evidence-based decision making across multiple stakeholders and at different levels for protecting natural resources. The integrated socio-economic data collected provides information about the interactions between people and their tree and forest resources, and the valuation of ecosystem services. The BFI is designed to be a permanent assessment of these resources, and future data collection will enable monitoring of trends against the current baseline. However, additional institutional support as well as continuation of collaboration among national partners is crucial for sustaining the BFI process in future.


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