GOLD NANOPARTICLES IN CANCER IMAGING AND THERAPEUTICS

Nano LIFE ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 01 (03n04) ◽  
pp. 289-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
HUANG-CHIAO HUANG ◽  
JAMES RAMOS ◽  
TARAKA SAI PAVAN GRANDHI ◽  
THRIMOORTHY POTTA ◽  
KAUSHAL REGE
Keyword(s):  
Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
Photothermal Therapy ◽  
Clinical Investigation ◽  
Chemotherapeutic Agents ◽  
Great Promise ◽  
Fda Approval ◽  
Cancer Diseases ◽  
Nucleic Acid Drug

The use of nanomedicine in the war on cancer diseases has progressed significantly in the recent past. Liposomal- and albumin-based chemotherapeutic agents as well as tumor contrast agents (e.g. Gd-DTPA, ferumoxides) have received FDA approval for human clinical use, while many other agents are in different phases of pre-clinical investigation and clinical trials. Plasmonic gold nanoparticles hold great promise as potential theranostic devices for detection and ablation of cancer diseases. This review discusses recent progress in the imaging, photothermal therapy, and nucleic acid/drug delivery using gold nanoparticles (spheres, shells, rods, cages) in vitro and in vivo. Issues relating to toxicity, biocompatibility, biodistribution, cellular uptake, and targeting efficiency are also discussed.

scholarly journals Feasibility and safety of electrochemotherapy (ECT) in the pancreas: a pre-clinical investigation

2015 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto Girelli ◽  
Simona Prejanò ◽  
Ivana Cataldo ◽  
Vincenzo Corbo ◽  
Lucia Martini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Clinical Investigation ◽  
Tumour Response ◽  
Chemotherapeutic Agents ◽  
Ductal Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Safe Procedure ◽  
Reversible Electroporation

Abstract Background. Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a lethal disease generally refractory to standard chemotherapeutic agents; therefore improvements in anticancer therapies are mandatory. A major determinant of therapeutic resistance in PDAC is the poor drug delivery to neoplastic cells, mainly due to an extensive fibrotic reaction. Electroporation can be used in vivo to increase cancer cells’ local uptake of chemotherapeutics (electrochemotherapy, ECT), thus leading to an enhanced tumour response rate. In the present study, we evaluated the in vivo effects of reversible electroporation in normal pancreas in a rabbit experimental model. We also tested the effect of electroporation on pancreatic cancer cell lines in order to evaluate their increased sensitivity to chemotherapeutic agents. Materials and methods. The application in vivo of the European Standard Operating Procedure of Electrochemotherapy (ESOPE) pulse protocol (1000 V/cm, 8 pulses, 100 μs, 5 KHz) was tested on the pancreas of normal New Zealand White Rabbits and short and long-term toxicity were assessed. PANC1 and MiaPaCa2 cell lines were tested for in vitro electrochemotherapy experiments with and without electroporation. Levels of cell permeabilization were determined by flow cytometry, whereas cell viability and drug (cisplatin and bleomycin) sensitivity of pulsed cells were measured by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium (MTS) assay. Results. In healthy rabbits, neither systemic nor local toxic effects due to the electroporation procedure were observed, demonstrating the safety of the optimized electric parameters in the treatment of the pancreas in vivo. In parallel, we established an optimized protocol for ECT in vitro that determined an enhanced anti-cancer effect of bleomycin and cisplatin with respect to treatment without electroporation. Conclusions. Our data suggest that electroporation is a safe procedure in the treatment of PDAC because it does not affect normal pancreatic parenchyma, but has a potentiating effect on cytotoxicity of bleomycin in pancreatic tumour cell lines. Therefore, ECT could be considered as a valid alternative for the local control of non-resectable pancreatic cancer.

scholarly journals Rational Design of Albumin Theranostic Conjugates for Gold Nanoparticles Anticancer Drugs: Where the Seed Meets the Soil?

Biomedicines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 74
Author(s):  
Tatyana V. Popova ◽  
Inna A. Pyshnaya ◽  
Olga D. Zakharova ◽  
Andrey E. Akulov ◽  
Oleg B. Shevelev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
Boron Neutron Capture Therapy ◽  
Neutron Capture ◽  
Rational Design ◽  
Chemotherapeutic Agents ◽  
Neutron Capture Therapy ◽  
Boron Neutron Capture ◽  
Theranostic Agents

Multifunctional gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) may serve as a scaffold to integrate diagnostic and therapeutic functions into one theranostic system, thereby simultaneously facilitating diagnosis and therapy and monitoring therapeutic responses. Herein, albumin-AuNP theranostic agents have been obtained by conjugation of an anticancer nucleotide trifluorothymidine (TFT) or a boron-neutron capture therapy drug undecahydro-closo-dodecaborate (B12H12) to bimodal human serum albumin (HSA) followed by reacting of the albumin conjugates with AuNPs. In vitro studies have revealed a stronger cytotoxicity by the AuNPs decorated with the TFT-tagged bimodal HSA than by the boronated albumin conjugates. Despite long circulation time, lack of the significant accumulation in the tumor was observed for the AuNP theranostic conjugates. Our unique labelling strategy allows for monitoring of spatial distribution of the AuNPs theranostic in vivo in real time with high sensitivity, thus reducing the number of animals required for testing and optimizing new nanosystems as chemotherapeutic agents and boron-neutron capture therapy drug candidates.

scholarly journals Gold Nanoclusters Display Low Immunogenic Effect in Microglia Cells

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 1066
Author(s):  
Joanna Sobska ◽  
Magdalena Waszkielewicz ◽  
Anna Podleśny-Drabiniok ◽  
Joanna Olesiak-Banska ◽  
Wojciech Krężel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
Gold Nanoclusters ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
The Body ◽  
Great Promise ◽  
Low Toxicity ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Gold nanoparticles hold a great promise for both clinical and preclinical applications. The major factors impeding such applications are toxicity of new nanomaterials including e.g., pro-apoptotic activities or inflammatory effects, but also their potential to accumulate in the body or inadequate absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion (ADME) profiles. Since such adverse effects depend on the size, form and coating of nanomaterials, the search for new, less toxic nanomaterials with low tendency to accumulate is highly active domain of research. Here, we describe optical and biological properties of Au18 gold nanoclusters (NCs), small gold nanoparticles composed of 18 atoms of gold and stabilized with glutathione ligands. These nanoclusters may be suitable for in vivo applications owing to their low toxicity and biodistribution profile. Specifically, using lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) test in P19 cell line we found that Au18 NCs display low toxicity in vitro. Importantly, using primary microglial cells we showed that at low concentrations Au18 NCs display anti-inflammatory signaling on evidence of reduced interleukin 1-β (IL1-β) levels and unchanged levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) or Ym1/2. Such effect was dose dependent as higher concentrations of Au18 NCs induced expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and suppression of anti-inflammatory cytokine Ym1/2, pointing, thus, to global inflammatory activity. Finally, we also showed that within 3 days Au18 NCs can be completely eliminated from the liver reported as the major target organ for accumulation of gold nanoparticles. These data point to a potential of gold nanoparticles for further biomedical studies.

scholarly journals Crushed Gold Shell Nanoparticles Labeled with Radioactive Iodine as a Theranostic Nanoplatform for Macrophage-Mediated Photothermal Therapy

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sang Bong Lee ◽  
Jae-Eon Lee ◽  
Sung Jin Cho ◽  
Jungwook Chin ◽  
Sang Kyoon Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
Photothermal Therapy ◽  
Radioactive Iodine ◽  
Antitumor Effects ◽  
Shell Nanoparticles ◽  
Considerable Potential ◽  
Plasmonic Nanostructure ◽  
Effective Delivery

Abstract Plasmonic nanostructure-mediated photothermal therapy (PTT) has proven to be a promising approach for cancer treatment, and new approaches for its effective delivery to tumor lesions are currently being developed. This study aimed to assess macrophage-mediated delivery of PTT using radioiodine-124-labeled gold nanoparticles with crushed gold shells (124I-Au@AuCBs) as a theranostic nanoplatform. 124I-Au@AuCBs exhibited effective photothermal conversion effects both in vitro and in vivo and were efficiently taken up by macrophages without cytotoxicity. After the administration of 124I-Au@AuCB-labeled macrophages to colon tumors, intensive signals were observed at tumor lesions, and subsequent in vivo PTT with laser irradiation yielded potent antitumor effects. The results indicate the considerable potential of 124I-Au@AuCBs as novel theranostic nanomaterials and the prominent advantages of macrophage-mediated cellular therapies in treating cancer and other diseases.

Dosimetry and Radioenhancement Comparison of Gold Nanoparticles in Kilovoltage and Megavoltage Radiotherapy using MAGAT Polymer Gel Dosimeter

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2Apr) ◽  
Author(s):  
S Farahani ◽  
N Riyahi Alam ◽  
S Haghgoo ◽  
M Khoobi ◽  
Gh Geraily ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
3D Visualization ◽  
Energy Levels ◽  
Polymer Gel ◽  
External Radiotherapy ◽  
Dose Enhancement ◽  
Internal Radiotherapy ◽  
Boost Radiotherapy

Background: Numerous unique characteristics of the nanosized gold, including high atomic number, low toxicity, and high biocompatibility make it one of the most appropriate nanostructures to boost radiotherapy efficacy. Many in-vivo and in-vitro investigations have indicated that gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) can significantly increase tumor injuries in low kilovoltage radiotherapy. While deep-lying tumors require much higher energy levels with greater penetration power, and investigations carried out in megavoltage energy range show contradictory results.Objective: In this study, we quantitatively assess and compare dose enhancement factors (DEFs) obtained through AuNPs under radiation of Cobalt-60 source (1.25MeV) versus Iridium-192 source (0.380 KeV) using MAGAT gel dosimeter.Material and Methods: MAGAT polymer gel in both pure and combined with 0.2 mM AuNPs was synthesized. In order to quantify the effect of energy on DEF, irradiation was carried out by Co-60 external radiotherapy and Ir-192 internal radiotherapy. Finally, readings of irradiated and non-irradiated gels were performed by MR imaging.Result: The radiation-induced R2 (1/T2) changes of the gel tubes doped with AuNPs compared to control samples, upon irradiation of beams released by Ir-192 source showed a significant dose enhancement (15.31% ±0.30) relative to the Co-60 external radiotherapy (5.85% ±0.14).Conclusion: This preliminary study suggests the feasibility of using AuNPs in radiation therapy (RT), especially in low-energy sources of brachytherapy. In addition, MAGAT polymer gel, as a powerful dosimeter, could be used for 3D visualization of radiation dose distribution of AuNPs in radiotherapy.

scholarly journals Radiosensitization of Prostate Cancers In Vitro and In Vivo to Erbium-filtered Orthovoltage X-rays Using Actively Targeted Gold Nanoparticles

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Allison M. Khoo ◽  
Sang Hyun Cho ◽  
Francisco J. Reynoso ◽  
Maureen Aliru ◽  
Kathryn Aziz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Prostate Cancers

scholarly journals High-throughput screening and rational design of biofunctionalized surfaces with optimized biocompatibility and antimicrobial activity

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhou Fang ◽  
Junjian Chen ◽  
Ye Zhu ◽  
Guansong Hu ◽  
Haoqian Xin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
High Throughput ◽  
High Throughput Screening ◽  
Rational Design ◽  
Click Reaction ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
Great Promise ◽  
Biomaterial Surfaces

AbstractPeptides are widely used for surface modification to develop improved implants, such as cell adhesion RGD peptide and antimicrobial peptide (AMP). However, it is a daunting challenge to identify an optimized condition with the two peptides showing their intended activities and the parameters for reaching such a condition. Herein, we develop a high-throughput strategy, preparing titanium (Ti) surfaces with a gradient in peptide density by click reaction as a platform, to screen the positions with desired functions. Such positions are corresponding to optimized molecular parameters (peptide densities/ratios) and associated preparation parameters (reaction times/reactant concentrations). These parameters are then extracted to prepare nongradient mono- and dual-peptide functionalized Ti surfaces with desired biocompatibility or/and antimicrobial activity in vitro and in vivo. We also demonstrate this strategy could be extended to other materials. Here, we show that the high-throughput versatile strategy holds great promise for rational design and preparation of functional biomaterial surfaces.

Biocompatibility of gold nanoparticles: In-vitro and In-vivo study

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 3041-3045
Author(s):  
Rua J. Kadhim ◽  
Esraa H. Karsh ◽  
Zainab J. Taqi ◽  
Majid S. Jabir
Keyword(s):  
Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
In Vivo Study
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