DIGITAL DEVELOPMENT AND ITS IMPACT ON REGIONS’ COMPETITIVENESS

This study aimed to assess the impact of digital development on the competitiveness indicators of countries and regions. The research methodology was based on the analytic hierarchy process (AHP), a structured technique adapted to solve the nonlinear optimization problem by choosing the most suitable scenario for the public administration of regions’ digital development. The analysis of digital competitiveness across European countries revealed that its development is quite uneven. Within the European Union, both digitalization leaders and outsiders were noted. Modeling three digitalization scenarios for Russia, China, the United States and the countries of Europe allowed defining Scenario 3 (accelerated digitalization) as the best way for managing their development in the context of digital transformation. The significance of the conducted research lies in the fact that it distinguished the digital economy components affecting both digital and overall regions’ competitiveness. The results obtained can be taken advantage of by individuals engaged in the field of economic activity to determine the role of various organizations, strategic levers, and indicators that ensure an effective response to challenges of competition in the regional and global markets.

Inferior Education or Killing Grandma: The Dilemma Facing the Public School Systems in the United States

Urban Science ◽

10.3390/urbansci5010029 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 29

Author(s):

Lawrence Bodin ◽

Barry Frieman

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

School Districts ◽

Analytic Hierarchy Process ◽

School System ◽

The United States ◽

Team Approach ◽

Analytic Hierarchy ◽

The Public ◽

Public School Systems ◽

Due to COVID-19, school districts in the fall of 2020 had to decide whether to conduct all classes in person or offer some or all of these classes virtually. Many school districts would decide on a program and then change their decision based on the COVID-19 situation in their area. These changes caused education and personal issues for the students, teachers, parents, and others who worked in their school system. This paper explores how the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), a well-regarded, multi-criteria decision analysis approach, can be used to analyze this situation by developing two prototype versions of the AHP and illustrating these versions of the AHP with a detailed example. The team approach for analyzing this issue is also described. Additionally, the current situation of this problem in the United States and elsewhere is discussed. Finally, Professor Bodin is making software that he has developed available (at no cost) for carrying out many of the computations for the AHP versions described in this paper.

Development of a Measurement Instrument for Website Design Utilizing Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) Multi-Attribute Decision Modeling

International Journal of E-Business Research ◽

10.4018/ijebr.2015070102 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 18-30

Author(s):

Ron Cheek ◽

Martha L. Sale ◽

Colleen Schwarz

Keyword(s):

Best Practices ◽

Analytic Hierarchy Process ◽

Web Design ◽

Measurement Instrument ◽

The United States ◽

Website Design ◽

Analytic Hierarchy ◽

Come Into The Market ◽

The Impact ◽

For many organizations their websites are the first impression customers have of their companies. The impact and importance of web design on organizations continues to dramatically increase. Yet many organizations continue to struggle to find tools to strategically analyze their websites and overall online presence. While there have been numerous studies offering “best practices” for website design, most of these are dated and do not take into consideration new applications and social media tools that come into the market. In our research over 900 surveys were conducted on Inc. Magazine's Top 500 list (2011-13) of fastest growing companies in the United States. The analysis of these surveys resulted in a list of shared elements (best practices) common to the websites surveyed. Through the use of the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) Multi-attribute Decision Model, we developed a measure by which companies can assess their web presence in comparison to this best practices model. This model provides an internally consistent, robust model against which to measure an organization's website.

Comparative Law in Legal Education

The Oxford Handbook of Comparative Law ◽

10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198810230.013.46 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 319-344

Author(s):

Nora V. Demleitner

Keyword(s):

World War Ii ◽

Legal Education ◽

Comparative Law ◽

The United States ◽

The European Union ◽

World War ◽

Education Today ◽

The Impact ◽

Present Role

This chapter discusses comparative law within the framework of legal education in North America and Europe. It first considers some of the key debates surrounding the teaching of comparative law before providing a historical overview of major developments on both sides of the Atlantic since the nineteenth century. It then examines the post-World War II resurgence of comparative law in US legal education and the ascent of comparative law teaching in Europe, as well as the place of comparative law in legal education today. It also analyzes the present role of comparative law teaching in the European Union, the impact of international and transnational law on comparative legal education in the United States, and comparative law in Australia and Canada. The chapter concludes with a review of some of the current challenges to comparative law as a subject of teaching and scholarship and how comparative law fits into legal education more generally.

THE IMPACT OF THE INTERNATIONAL FACTOR OF CONFLICT IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA

Knowledge International Journal ◽

10.35120/kij28061879h ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 28 (6) ◽

pp. 1879-1886

Author(s):

Hatidza Berisha

Keyword(s):

Soviet Union ◽

Bosnia And Herzegovina ◽

The United States ◽

International Community ◽

The State ◽

The Other ◽

The European Union ◽

The Soviet Union ◽

The events that took place in Bosnia and Herzegovina (B&H) after the collapse of the Soviet Union and the unification of Germany, as well as the attitudes of the international factor towards the Bosnian crisis, should be considered in the process of disintegration of the former Yugoslavia, and secession of its republics. Due to the impossibility of a peaceful agreement on the resolution of state status and the organization of the state by political factors in B&H, it was necessary for the international community to intervene in resolving the state's status and relations in it.The aim of the paper is to analyze the impact of an international factor on developments in B&H right before the outbreak of the conflict, as well as during the course of the 1992-1995 period. years. The impact of the international factor has been viewed through the role of Europe (the European Community, since 1993 - the European Union and West European countries) on the one hand and the United States of America on the other, as the main and determining factors of the international community in resolving the Bosnian issue. The United Nations Organization (OUN) remained in the other plan in this process, while the role of the Soviet Union was not significant, because the Soviet Union was solving its own growing problems that arose at the end of the Cold War by the breakup of the Warsaw Pact, and later after the collapse of the state.

Copyright

10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198758457.013.23 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Jane Ginsburg

Keyword(s):

The United States ◽

Fair Use ◽

Free Expression ◽

The European Union ◽

Public Performance ◽

Economic Rights ◽

The Public ◽

Distribution Right ◽

Exceptions And Limitations

This chapter offers an overview of copyright in general in common law and civil law countries, with an emphasis on the United States (US) and the European Union (EU). It addresses the history and philosophies of copyright (authors’ right), subject matter of copyright (including the requirement of fixation and the exclusion of “ideas”), formalities, initial ownership and transfers of title, duration, exclusive moral and economic rights (including reproduction, adaptation, public performance and communication and making available to the public, distribution and exhaustion of the distribution right), exceptions and limitations (including fair use), and remedies. It also covers the liability of intermediaries, and new copyright obligations concerning technological protections and copyright management information. It concludes with some observations concerning the role of copyright in promoting creativity and free expression.

Amerykański język praw podmiotowych a demokracja

Filozofia Publiczna i Edukacja Demokratyczna ◽

10.14746/fped.2014.3.1.4 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 59-76

Author(s):

Tomasz Raburski

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Public Sphere ◽

Public Discourse ◽

Negative Impact ◽

The United States ◽

American Democracy ◽

The Public ◽

The Public Sphere ◽

The article explores the link between the language of rights and democracy. The author asks whether the dominance of the language of rights in the United States is responsible for the overall condition of American democracy, and the lack of such dominance may have a negative impact on the Polish public sphere. The beginning of the article describes the problems with translating the word „right” from English into Polish. In the next part, the different forms and types of rights are described. Then, a meaning of the „language of rights” is presented. Other languages of public discourse are mentioned for comparison. The consequences and functions of the language of law for the public sphere and democracy are widely discussed. The critical voices about the impact of rights are examined. Finally, the article answers the question about the role of rights in the Polish public sphere and democracy.

A Monitoring System for Sustainable Urban Mobility Plans

The Baltic Journal of Road and Bridge Engineering ◽

10.7250/bjrbe.2019-14.438 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 14 (2) ◽

pp. 158-177 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Jonas Damidavičius ◽

Marija Burinskienė ◽

Rasa Ušpalytė−Vitkūnienė

Keyword(s):

Transport Systems ◽

Assessment Methodology ◽

Urban Mobility ◽

Analytic Hierarchy ◽

The Public ◽

European Cities ◽

Evaluation Models ◽

Sustainable Urban Mobility ◽

The Impact ◽

Sustainable Urban Mobility Plans are developed in Europe rapidly. The future initiative is expected will change the image of European cities and will make transport systems efficacious, thus reducing congestion, decreasing air pollution, and offering alternative options for travelling. The impact of the measures being implemented needs to be monitored regularly to evaluate the effect of Sustainable Urban Mobility Plans, and progress in accomplishing the objectives and specific aims of Sustainable Urban Mobility Plans are assessed. Infrastructure measures often require considerable investment, and therefore, their rational use expected to create immense benefit to the public. This article analyses various European models for monitoring and evaluating Sustainable Urban Mobility Plans. The models are structured, proposing an assessment methodology for Sustainable Urban Mobility Plans. Assistance provided by the experts and the use of evaluation models for the analytic hierarchy process assists in identifying the significance of the monitoring indicators that allow assessing the priority orders and the importance of implementing mobility measures.

The link between coronavirus, anxiety, and religious beliefs in the United States and United Kingdom

10.31234/osf.io/wykeq ◽

2020 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Francesco Rigoli

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

United Kingdom ◽

Religious Beliefs ◽

Well Being ◽

The United States ◽

Christian Faith ◽

Stressful Event ◽

Cultural Implications ◽

Research has shown that stress impacts on people’s religious beliefs. However, several aspects of this effect remain poorly understood, for example regarding the role of prior religiosity and stress-induced anxiety. This paper explores these aspects in the context of the recent coronavirus emergency. The latter has impacted dramatically on many people’s well-being; hence it can be considered a highly stressful event. Through online questionnaires administered to UK and USA citizens professing either Christian faith or no religion, this paper examines the impact of the coronavirus crisis upon common people’s religious beliefs. We found that, following the coronavirus emergency, strong believers reported higher confidence in their religious beliefs while non-believers reported increased scepticism towards religion. Moreover, for strong believers, higher anxiety elicited by the coronavirus threat was associated with increased strengthening of religious beliefs. Conversely, for non-believers, higher anxiety elicited by the coronavirus thereat was associated with increased scepticism towards religious beliefs. These observations are consistent with the notion that stress-induced anxiety enhances support for the ideology already embraced before a stressful event occurs. This study sheds light on the psychological and cultural implications of the coronavirus crisis, which represents one of the most serious health emergencies in recent times.

The impact of land reform on the development of united territorial communities

Socio-Economic Problems of the Modern Period of Ukraine ◽

10.36818/2071-4653-2020-1-4 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 29-33

Author(s):

Tamara Smovzhenko ◽

Oryslava Korkuna ◽

Ivan Korkuna ◽

Ulyana Khromyak

Keyword(s):

Land Reform ◽

Agricultural Land ◽

Public Lands ◽

Living Standards ◽

The Public ◽

Legal Documents ◽

Practical Research ◽

The Impact ◽

Land Code

Nowadays, according to decentralization and current legislation (Land Code of Ukraine, Resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine and the Law of Ukraine «On Self-Governance»), the public lands have been transferred to the CTCs since 1 February 2018. In 2018/2019, 788 CTCs received communal ownership of 1.68 ha of public lands. According to the Draft Law «On Amendments to Several Legal Documents of Ukraine on Agricultural Lands Turnover», the consolidated territorial communities become the legal entities and can acquire property rights to agricultural land plots. Therefore, transferring the lands to be used by the newly created CTCs is currently an urgent issue that requires extended scientific and practical research. The paper aims to research the role of land reform in Ukraine and its impact on increase of CTCs’ budget revenues. The stages of land reform and the development of the land reform in Ukraine as well as its implementation strategy are outlined. The disparities of the integrated satellite map and the data of the Land Cadaster of Ukraine in terms of unregistered lands are defined. The amount of a CTC budget’s increased revenues due to the reform is estimated. Statistical data on small, medium, and large farmers and their interest in the land reform are analyzed. The terms of selling the land to foreign investors and conditions of participation in land auctions are examined. The mechanisms of land purchase, selling, and lease in line with the land reform are suggested. Generalizing the presented aspects of the land reform in Ukraine and their impact on economic activity of the newly created CTCs, it can be argued that the process is quite positive and necessary for both communities and businesses in order to get additional budget revenues for CTCs. The land reform improves the living standards of Ukrainian people through the disclosure of the country’s agricultural capacity.

THE INSTITUTIONAL EFFECTS OF LEADERSHIP: THE UNITED STATES GENERAL ACCOUNTING OFFICE AND ITS AUDIT REPORT REVIEW PROCESS

Accounting Historians Journal ◽

10.2308/0148-4184.21.1.255 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

pp. 255-273 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Onker N. Basu

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Review Process ◽

Field Research ◽

The United States ◽

Organizational Leaders ◽

Audit Report ◽

The Public ◽

General Accounting Office ◽

Audit Team ◽

In accounting research, the role of organizational leaders has been underrepresented. The limited research dealing with leadership issues has focused on the impact of leadership on micro activities such as performance evaluation, budget satisfaction, and audit team performance. The impact of leadership on the structure of accounting and audit systems and organizations has been ignored. This paper focuses on the impact that past Comptrollers General have had on the working and structure of one federal audit agency, the United States General Accounting Office (GAO). In addition, it also focuses on the influence of the two most recent Comptrollers General on one important audit related activity, i.e., the audit report review process. Using qualitative field research methods, this paper documents how the organizational leadership impacts its long-term audit practices and thereby influences auditing, especially in the public sector.